Masimba ese ari maviri anobva mugungwa, asi unoziva here kuti simba racho rinobva kupi? simba remvura uye simba remafungu? Pasinei nekugovana mavambo avo mugungwa, masimba aya anobata kufamba kwemvura nenzira dzakasiyana kwazvo.
Musiyano uri nyore kunzwisisa. Simba racho tidal inobva ku mafunguneko wave mota, zvimwe zvakanyanya kuoma mukutsanangurwa kwayo, inowanikwa kubva pakufamba kwe mafungu. Uyu musiyano pakati pemasaisai nemasaisai ndiwo unoita musiyano mukuru.
Simba remvura rinoshanda sei?
La Simba remvura yegungwa Iine mavambo ayo mumafungu, ayo anogadzirwa nekukwevera kweMwedzi uye, kusvika pamwero muduku, Zuva, paNyika. Ichi chiitiko chinoburitsa kutenderera kwechisikigo kunogona kushandiswa kushandura kuita simba nehupamhi hwekufungidzira.
Nzira yekuiwana yakafanana neyemagetsi emagetsi emvura. Madhamu kana madhamu anovakwa munzvimbo dzemvura umo mutsauko wehurefu pakati pemasaisai wakakosha. Panguva yemafungu makuru (mafungu akakwirira), mvura inopinda nepamagedhi akavhurika mugomba remvura, inofamba maturbine anogadzira magetsi. Kana mvura yakadzikira (low tide) ichisvika, mvura inobuda mugomba remvura zvakare, ichityaira maturbine zvakare. Uku kutenderera kwakapetwa kaviri kunobvumira simba kuti riitwe mumafambiro ese ari maviri, kutora mukana wezvikamu zviviri zvekuyerera kwemvura.
Mhando huru dzetidal system ndeidzi:
- tidal dam: Vanoda misiyano mikuru pakureba pakati pemvura zhinji uye yakaderera. Sitimu yemasuwo nematurbines inoshandura iyo yakaunganidzwa simba rinogona kuita magetsi.
- Tidal current turbines: Nzira iyi, yakafanana nematurbines emhepo, inoshandura kinetic simba remvura inoyerera kuita magetsi nemitengo yakaderera yekuisa.
Zvakanakira nekuipira kwesimba remvura
Zvakanakira zvetidal energy zvinosanganisira:
- Kufanotaura: Mafungu zviitiko zvechisikigo zvenguva dzose, zvinobvumira kuronga kwakaringana uye kufanotaura kwekugadzirwa kwesimba.
- Renewable simba: Icho chitubu chesimba rakachena, pasina greenhouse gasi kubuda.
Pakati pezvipingamupinyi ndezvi:
- High cost: Kuvakwa kwezvivakwa, senge madhamu nematurbines, kunoda mari hombe yekudyara.
- Zvemamiriro ekunze: Zvivakwa zvetidal, kunyanya madhamu, anogona kushandura zvipenyu zvemugungwa nemahombekombe.
Simba remasaisai rinogadzirwa sei?
Nepo simba remvura richienderana nekuyerera kwemafungu, iyo wave simba Zvinotora mukana wekuenderera mberi kwekufamba kwemafungu, chitubu chisina kujairika chinosiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze uye mhepo.
Kune akasiyana marudzi etekinoroji ekutora wave simba:
- Cockerell Raft: Ipuratifomu inoyangarara inofamba ichitevera masaisai. Kufamba kwemafungu kunomutsa hydraulic jenareta inogadzira magetsi.
- Salter Dhadha: Iyi sisitimu inoshandisa dhadha rakayangarara rinozunguzika nemasaisai, uye rinoshandura kufamba ikoko kuita simba remagetsi uchishandisa pombi yepiston.
- Oscillating mvura columns: Zvakafanana nechimuni chakapidiguka, mvura inotsikirira mweya mukati mekamuri, inotyaira turbine.
- Oscillating buoys: Zvishandiso zvinoyangarara pamusoro, zvichikwira nekudonha nemafungu, zvichishandura vertical movement kuita magetsi.
Zvakanakira uye zvakaipira simba wave
Pakati pe zvinobatsira ye wave energy zvinotevera zvinobuda pachena:
- Kuderera kwekuona maitiro: Kusiyana nemamwe masimba emagetsi, mafungu emagetsi emagetsi anowanzo kuve akangwara, mamwe akazara pasi pemvura.
- Simba rinogona kuitika: Masaisai anotakura simba rakawanda, rakanyanyisa kupfuura iro remhepo.
Pakati pake kukanganisa Dzinosanganisira:
- Variability: Masaisai anoenderana nemamiriro ekunze, ayo anogona kukanganisa kugadzirwa kwesimba nenzira dzisingatarisike.
- kuchengetedza kunodhura: Kumisikidzwa kweOffshore kunoda kugadziridzwa nguva dzose nekuda kwekusakara uye kubvaruka kunokonzerwa nenharaunda yegungwa.
Mamwe masimba emugungwa ari kubuda
Kune mamwe matekinoroji ari kusimukira anotsvaga kutora mukana wesimba rakakura kwazvo regungwa:
- Simba rinobva mumakungwa: Inobva pakushandurwa kwesimba rekinetic rinogadzirwa nemhepo yegungwa kuva magetsi, uchishandisa masisitimu akafanana neaya esimba remhepo.
- Ocean kupisa simba: Tora mukana wekusiyana kwetembiricha pakati pepamusoro nemvura yakadzika kugadzira simba remagetsi uchishandisa injini yekupisa.
- Munyu gradient simba: Tora mukana wemusiyano mukusangana kwemunyu pakati pemvura yerwizi yakachena nemvura yegungwa ine munyu.
Gungwa rinopa simba guru rakawanda. Sezvo matekinoroji aya achifambira mberi, anogona kuita basa rakakosha mukushandurwa kune ramangwana rakagadzikana. Ose ari maviri Simba remvura yegungwa s wave simba Ivo vanomiririra mukana wakasarudzika wekutora mukana weiyo isinga peri yechisikigo, asi ivo vachiri kutarisana neakakosha tekinoroji uye mutengo matambudziko.