Simba rese rinowedzerwazve rine zvarakanakira, pamwe nematambudziko aro, asi zvakadini kana tikaenzanisa simba rezuva rinopesana nezvimwe zvinogadziriswazve? Muchikamu chino tichaongorora simba rezuva tichienzanisa nemamwe magetsi emagetsi emvura uye mhepo, kuona kusiyana, zvakanakira uye zvisingabatsiri zviripo pakati pavo, zvichiratidza mamiriro ezvinhu eSpain.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu emagetsi emazuva ano, simba rezuva rakawana kukosha seimwe yezvinonyanya kushandiswa, asi nei? Ndeapi mabhenefiti ayo achienzaniswa nemamwe masimba anogona kudzokororwa? Pano tichafukidza zvose zvaunoda kuziva kuti unzwisise kusiyana, kunyanya kana tikaenzanisa simba rezuva nemamwe akadai semhepo uye hydropower, maviri evakakurumbira.
simba re hydraulic
Hydropower, imwe yemhando dzekare dzesimba rinowanikwazve, inoshandisa kufamba kwemvura kugadzira magetsi. MuSpain, tine matura akawanda akatsaurirwa kuchiitiko ichi. Nekudaro, haasi ese madhirigi anogona kushanda panguva imwe chete nekuda kwemamiriro akasiyana, sekushaikwa kwemvura, kugadzirisa zvivakwa, uye zvimwe zvinodiwa.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, hydropower muSpain inogona kugadzira kusvika 20.000 MW, asi kukosha uku kunosiyana-siyana, sezvo mvura isingagari. Kusanaya kwemvura, kushandiswa kwemvura mukurima uye kushandiswa kwevanhu kunokanganisa kuwanikwa kwechigadzirwa ichi kugadzira simba remagetsi. Izvi zvinoita kuti simba re hydraulic ive sosi iyo, kunyangwe ine simba, ine mipimo yakakosha yekuonekwa yakavimbika zvachose.
Chimwe chinokanganisa ndechekuti nguva zhinji unofanirwa kumirira mwaka wekunaya kwemvura kuti uone kuti dhamu rine mvura yakakwana yekushandisa. Izvi zvinogadzira kutsamira pane kutenderera kwemamiriro ekunze izvo zvinogona kuomesera kugona kwenguva yakareba kuronga simba.
Simba remhepo
Imwezve yakakosha simba rinowanikwazve muSpain isimba remhepo. Mhepo inzvimbo yakawanda yezvisikwa munzvimbo dzakawanda dzenyika, iyo yakabvumira kuiswa kwemapurazi akawanda emhepo munzvimbo yose. Mhepo simba rekugadzira simba rinosvika paavhareji ye 40% yesimba rinogonekazve munyika, rine simba rakaiswa rinopfuura 23.000 MW.
Zvisinei, kugadzirwa kwesimba remhepo zviri pachena kunoenderana nekuvapo kwemhepo. Pamazuva asina mhepo, maturbine emhepo haabudisi simba. Izvi zvinokonzera dambudziko rekugadzikana kwemagetsi emagetsi, sezvo kupindira kwemhepo kunogona kukanganisa kuenderera kwehurongwa.
Pasinei nezvipingamupinyi izvi, simba remhepo rakabudirira muSpain nekuda kwemutengo waro wakaderera zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinhu, sezuva. Mukuwedzera, nyika ine mhepo ine simba munzvimbo dzakawanda, kunyanya munzvimbo dziri kuchamhembe nemhenderekedzo yegungwa, izvo zvinoita kuti simba remhepo rive sarudzo inokwezva, kunyange zvazvo isingasviki pane dzimwe nzira.
Simba rezuva
Simba rezuva, rinopesana ne hydraulic uye simba remhepo, rine mukana wakajeka: kuenderera mberi mukugadzirwa zuva rega rega regore, kunyange mumazuva ane makore, sezvo mwaranzi yezuva inoramba ichisvika kumiti yezuva. Kunyangwe huwandu hwesimba hunogadzirwa hushoma mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, hunogona kushandiswa. Munyika dzakaita seSpain, neavhareji yeanopfuura maawa 2.500 XNUMX ekupenya kwezuva pagore, ipfuma isingafaniri kupambadzwa.
Izvo chete zvakajeka kukanganisa kwesimba rezuva ndiko kushayikwa kwekugadzirwa kweusiku. Zvakadaro, kudiwa kwesimba panguva yehusiku kunowanzova kwakadzikira, saka iyi drawback haina kunyanya kuoma. Nekuvandudzwa kwesimba rekuchengetedza magetsi semabhatiri, dambudziko iri rinogona kudzikiswa munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Chimwe chipingamupinyi chinofanira kutaurwa ndechekudhura kwemagetsi ezuva zvichienzaniswa nemamwe matekinoroji akadai semhepo. Kunyangwe mitengo yakadzikira zvakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura, kuisa solar panel kuchiri kukosha kwekudyara. Zvisinei, kugadzikana uye kuwanda kwesimba rinogona kugadzirwa nemagetsi ezuva zvinoreva kuti vazhinji vanofunga kuti sarudzo iyi ndiyo inonyanya kubatsira munguva refu.
Uyezve, kuzvidyira kwave kuri kuwedzera kukwezva kudzimba nemakambani. MuSpain, zvakadaro, kuchine zvipingamupinyi zvezvematongerwo enyika uye zvehutongi zvinononoka kuvandudza kwezvivakwa zvekuzviriritira. Mamiriro akaita zvinhu mumatunhu akaita seMurcia muenzaniso wakajeka wekuoma mitezo uko zvirongwa izvi zvinogona kutambudzika mune dzimwe nzvimbo, zvisinei nekuti kune mamiriro ekunze akanaka emagetsi ezuva.
Kufambira mberi kwazvino uye Kuenzanisa nedzimwe Nyika
Panyaya yekuchengetedza simba rezuva, kufambira mberi kwemazuva ano kwakavandudza zvakanyanya kushanda. Iko kusanganiswa kweiyo hybrid tekinoroji, iyo inobatanidza solar panel nezvimwe zvinogonekazve masosi, iri kutangawo kuwana pasi. Semuyenzaniso, mahybrid photovoltaic-mhepo masisitimu anobvumira kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi nekutora mukana wezvose zviri zviviri zuva nemhepo, zvichipa imwe inoyevedza imwe nzira yekudzikisa kutsamira pane chero kunobva.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu eEurope, Spain iri pachinzvimbo chakatanhamara maererano nekukwanisa kugadzirwa kwezuva, kunyangwe pamberi pedzimwe nyika dzine maawa mashoma ekupenya kwezuva. Pakazosvika 2023, inofungidzirwa kuti inenge 50% yesimba rinogadzirwa munyika richabva kune zvinogadziriswazve, uye simba rezuva richaita basa rinokosha mukuzadzisa chinangwa ichi.
Kana tichienzanisa, nyika dzakaita seGermany dzakashandisa zvakanyanya simba rezuva kunyangwe paine maawa mashoma ekupenya kwezuva pagore. Ichi chiyeuchidzo chakajeka chekuti zvipingamupinyi hazvisi mamiriro ekunze, asi zvematongerwo enyika uye zvehupfumi. China, kune chikamu chayo, yave mutungamiri wepasi rose mukugadzirwa kwesimba rezuva nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwayo hwemaindasitiri kugadzira uye kuendesa solar panel pamwero mukuru.
Chekupedzisira, zvakakosha kuti tizive kuti kusimukira kwehunyanzvi hwezuva muchadenga kwave pedyo, paine mamwe mapurojekiti atove kuronga kutumira masolar panel kupfuura mhepo kuti ashandise simba rezuva zvakanyanya uye nguva dzose.
Nekufambiswa mberi kwetekinoroji yekuchengetedza, kuenderera mberi uye kugona kwekugadzira kuchawedzera kuenderera mberi, iyo inoisa simba rezuva seimwe yeakanakisa sarudzo ine yakakura kukura fungidziro mukati meiyo renewable energy sector.
Ramangwana riri musimba rinodzokororwa, uye basa resimba rezuva rakakosha uye rinovimbisa kuvimbisa simba rinogara riripo uye rinoshanda.
Yakanyatsotsanangurwa uye uye, chokwadika, kwazvo muchibvumirano nezvakataurwa.
Isu tese tinoziva nyaya yezvematongerwo enyika ... kunyangwe gare gare, hazvizivikanwe kuti sei, haina kuratidzwa mubhokisi revhoti. Zvisinei, isu tichiri makwai kune zvinotaurwa nevafudzi
Ndatenda kwazvo Carlos, ndinofara kuti wakazvifarira.
Nyaya hombe ndeyekuti uye pakupedzisira magadziriso uye zvimwe zviito zvekuvandudza hupenyu hwedu zvasara kumashure.
Vafudzi, sekutaura kwako, havana kunyatsoita basa ravo uye Spain inoona izvo zvakanyanya.
Thanks.
Kuenzanisa nesimba remhepo maererano nekugadzira zvakawanda kana zvishoma hakusi kuomarara. Izvo zvinonakidza kupa kuenzanisa kwevamwe manhamba, senge pakati nepakati chirimwa chinhu cheimwe uye chimwe muSpain. Uye zvakare, pane zvinhu izvo zvisingawanzo kutariswa pakuzvienzanisa, senge ivhu ravanogara uye mashandisirwo anoenderana naro nekumisikidza.
Ini ndangotarisa pakuenzanisa kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi nekuti ndizvo zvatinogona "kuona" kana zvasvika kumba kwatiri kwekushandisa simba.
Ehezve isu tinogona kuenzanisa aya masimba uye zvimwe zvacho nezvimwe zvinhu zvekutarisa, zvakaita senzvimbo, kugadzirwa kwemitengo, kukanganisa kwavanokonzera, zvakanakira nekuipira uye yakareba zvakadaro.
Dambudziko, rekuti iwe unofanirwa kungo tarisa pane imwe nekuti kana tikataura nezve zvese, zvinotipa kunyora bhuku.
Kwazisai Mario, maita nekutaura kwenyu.