La simba remumvura inouya kubva ku simba zvinogona, kinetics, thermal uye chemistry yemvura yegungwa, iyo inogona kushandiswa kugadzira magetsi, simba rinopisa kana kunyange kunwa mvura. Nekuda kwekuwanda kwemvura papasi, ichi chitubu chesimba rinogoneka chinopa mukana mukuru wekudzikisa kutsamira kwedu pamafuta ezvicherwa.
Tidal simba uye mafungu egungwa
Unyanzvi hwekushandisa simba remugungwa hwakasiyana-siyana. Kune zvivakwa zvehunyanzvi, senge tidal power plant, iyo inoshandisa simba rekufamba kwemafungu. Izvi zvinomera zvinoshanda kuburikidza nemadhamu makuru uye turbines anoteya mvura panguva yemafungu makuru uye anoisunungura panguva yemvura yakaderera, ichigadzira magetsi muzvikamu zvose.
Mukuwedzera kune mafungu, mafungu egungwa Vanomiririra imwe nzira yakakosha yekutora simba regungwa. Iyo yakajairika sisitimu yekushandisa simba remvura yemugungwa inosanganisira maturbine akanyura mumvura anoshandura kinetic simba remvura kuita magetsi.
Kupisa simba mumakungwa
Imwe tekinoroji yehunyanzvi ndeye gungwa rinopisa simba (inozivikanwa se tidal thermal) Inobva pamusiyano wetembiricha pakati pemvura yepamusoro, inopisa nezuva, uye mvura inotonhora yakadzika. Tidal thermal plant inoshandisa iyi tembiricha mutsauko kugadzira magetsi nguva nenguva kuburikidza ne thermodynamic cycles.
Wave energy: sosi inovimbisa
La wave energy (inozivikanwawo se wave simba) isimba rinogadzirwa nemafungu ekufamba kwepamusoro pegungwa. Simba iri rinogadzirwa nekuda kwemhepo inovhuvhuta pamusoro pemvura, ichigadzira masaisai ane kinetic energy. Iri simba rinogona kubatwa kuburikidza nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoyangarara, mbiru dzemvura dzinotenderera kana mapuratifomu akaiswa pasi pegungwa anoshandura kufamba kwemasaisai kuita magetsi.
Parizvino, kune akati wandei ekuyedza simba remagetsi mapurojekiti, senge Motrico magetsi chirimwa muBasque Country, iyo inoshandisa turbines kugadzira anosvika 296 kW. Rimwe rematambudziko makuru eiyi tekinoroji ndeyekushandisa simba remasaisai zvine mutsindo kunyangwe risingaite uye rinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze.
Simba remunyu: simba rebhuruu
La munyu gradient simba, inozivikanwawo se simba rebhuruu, yakavakirwa pakutora mukana wekusiyana kwemunyu uripo pakati pemvura yegungwa nemvura yemurwizi yakachena. Musiyano uyu unokonzeresa kudzvanywa kweosmotic kunogona kushandurwa kuita simba remagetsi kuburikidza nereverse osmosis maitiro. Kunyange zvazvo tekinoroji iyi ichiri kugadziridzwa, ine mukana mukuru munzvimbo dzemumhenderekedzo yegungwa munowanikwa nzizi huru.
Zvakanakira uye zvinonetsa zvesimba remugungwa
Simba remugungwa rine mabhenefiti akati wandei. Kutanga kwazvose, Zvinogonekazve uye sechisikwa chisingapere, sarudzo inogoneka yeramangwana. Kusiyana nemamwe masosi anovandudzwa akadai sezuva kana mhepo, simba regungwa rinofanotaurwa uye rinogara riripo, zvichiita kuti riwedzere kuvimbika kuve nechokwadi chekuenderera kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi.
Imwe bhenefiti yakakosha ndeyayo yakaderera zvakatipoteredza kukanganisa. Sezvo matekinoroji mazhinji akaiswa pasi pemvura, iyo yekuona uye kurira kwekuita kunodzikiswa, pamusoro pekusagadzira kuburitsa gasi rinosvibisa.
- Kuenderana nezvimwe zvinogadziriswa: Simba remugungwa rinogona kusanganiswa nemamwe matekinoroji akadai semhepo yekumhiri kwemakungwa uye solar inoyangarara, kugadzira masisitimu akasanganiswa anoshanda zvakanyanya.
- Kuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza: Iyo haiburitse magasi egreenhouse uye ine inenge zero yekuona maitiro, sezvo mazhinji ezvivakwa ari pasi pemvura.
Zvisinei, kukura kwayo kunopa mamwe matambudziko. Pakati peizvi panobuda mutengo wekutanga wekutanga zvezvivakwa, matambudziko ehunyanzvi anobva kunharaunda yegungwa, uye kudiwa kwekudyara kukuru mukutsvaga nekusimudzira kuti vagone kunyatsogona. Semuenzaniso, ngura kubva mumvura ine munyu uye mamiriro egungwa ane hutsinye anogona kukanganisa kuiswa, kuwedzera mari yekugadzirisa.
Inoratidzirwa marine energy mapurojekiti
Europe inotungamira kuvandudzwa kwesimba remugungwa, kunyanya munzvimbo yemafungu uye tidal simba. Chirimwa chekare uye chinonyanya kuzivikanwa iLa Rance muFrance, chave chichishanda kubva 1966 uye chiri kuramba chiri mureza mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi. Zvirongwa zvakare zvinomira pachena kuUnited Kingdom, uko mapaki emagetsi makuru ari kuvakwa seMeyGen, nzvimbo yakakura kwazvo yemagetsi pasi rose.
Kunze kweEurope, South Korea neCanada inyika dzakasarudza kuvandudzwa kwesimba remugungwa nemapurojekiti ekupayona. Panyaya yeChile, mahombekombe egungwa anoiisa senyika yakakosha mukutsvagisa masimba aya, nepo muMexico chirongwa chekutanga chesimba remagetsi chakabvumidzwa muColima.
Pasi rose, zvinofungidzirwa kuti panosvika 2050 simba remugungwa rinogona kupa kusvika 10% yekushandiswa kwemagetsi muEurope, izvo zvisingazongobatsira chete kuderedza kuburitswa kwekabhoni asiwo kugadzira zviuru zvemabasa muindasitiri yemugungwa nemagetsi.
Ramangwana resimba remugungwa
Kugona kwesimba remugungwa kwakakura uye kukura kwayo kwakakosha kubatsira kuzadzisa mamwe masimba emagetsi anogona kudzokororwa sesolar nemhepo. Sezvo matambudziko ehunyanzvi achikurirwa uye mitengo yekuisa ichidonha, simba remugungwa rinogona kuve rimwe remakosi akakosha ekuwana yakachena uye inoenderera mberi simba matrix. Masangano nehurumende pasi rese vari kubheja pahunyanzvi uhu, uye kubatanidzwa kwayo kuchave kwakakosha pakuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekugara kwenguva refu.
Kuchengetedzwa kwemagetsi uye zvekufambisa zviri kusimukirawo kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa nechikamu, paine zvivakwa zvitsva izvo zvinofambisira kubatana pakati pezvirongwa zvemugungwa uye onshore magetsi network. Izvi zvinomiririra mukana wakanaka kune nyika dzine mahombekombe marefu uye zviwanikwa zvegungwa zvakawanda.
Simba remugungwa sesimba rinowanikwazve rine simba guru nekuda kwehukuru hwemakungwa anofukidza chikamu chinodarika makumi manomwe kubva muzana chePasi. Kunyangwe matekinoroji achiri kusimukira, kufarira kuri kukura uye mapurojekiti arikuenderera mberi anoratidza kuti mumakumi emakore anotevera ichava imwe nzira yakakosha mukushanduka kwesimba repasi rose.