La Simba remvura yegungwa Ndiyo imwe yeanonyanya kuvimbisa anovandudzwa masosi, kunyangwe asina kuvandudzwa kana achienzaniswa nemamwe sesolar kana mhepo. Inobva pakushandiswa kwemafungu, kufamba kwemvura kunokonzerwa nekukwezva kwesimba rinoitwa neMwedzi uye Zuva paNyika. Kunyangwe simba iri riine mukana wakakura, mutengo uye matambudziko etekinoroji zvakadzora kusimukira kwaro pasi rose.
Kutenda kune chirongwa chakapihwa mari neEuropean Union senge FLOTEC (Kuyangarara Tidal Energy Commercialization), kufambira mberi kukuru kuri kuitwa. Iyi purojekiti yakakwanisa kugadzira turbine isingashande chete, asi kuti iri kusvika pamwero wekushanda wakafanana nemhepo yekumahombekombe. Iyo purojekiti yakashanda semuenzaniso wenzira iyo budiriro muchikamu ichi inofanirwa kutevedzera kushandura simba remvura kuita sarudzo inoshanda uye inokwikwidza munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Kugadzirwa kweturbine inoshanda
Iyo FLOTEC chirongwa chakagadzira turbine yakaratidza chiitiko chakakosha munhoroondo yesimba remvura, inokwanisa kugadzira. anopfuura 18 MWh munguva ye24 maawa asina kukanganiswa. Iyi nhanho yekushanda inoshamisa iri pedyo nekushanda kwemahombekombe emhepo emhepo, iyo inovhura hwindo remikana yekutengeserana kwesimba remvura.
Kubudirira uku kwakakosha sezvo, kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika, simba remugungwa rakanga risati rashanduka semamwe masimba anovandudzwa. Kubatsira kwema turbines emvura ndeyekuti anotora mukana wehuwandu hwakakura hwemvura kana ichienzaniswa nemhepo, iyo inobvumira mamwe kinetic simba kutorwa mukutenderera kwega kwega kwemashizha.
Imwe yekuvandudza kwakakosha kwakabvumira kuwedzera kushanda kweiyo turbine yakagadzirwa neFLOTEC kwave kuri kuwedzera kwedhayamita yerotor, kubva pa16 kusvika ku20 metres. Shanduko iyi yakawedzera kugadzirwa kwesimba ne50%, kusvetuka kwakakosha kushandura tekinoroji iyi kuita sarudzo inoshanda nesimba.
Zvakanakira uye zvinonetsa zvesimba remvura
Kubatsira kukuru kwesimba remvura ndiko kufanotaura. Kusiyana nemamwe masosi anovandudzwa akadai sezuva kana mhepo, simba remvura rine mukana wekuti masaisai zviitiko zvinofanotaurwa, zvichibvumira kuronga kwakanaka kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi.
Zvakadaro, matambudziko ekukura kwayo akazara. Nzvimbo yegungwa inzvimbo yakaoma, sezvo ichida huinjiniya hwakasimba hunokwanisa kuramba mamiriro akanyanya, zvakadai sekuora nemvura yemunyu, migumisiro yebiofouling (kuunganidza zvipenyu pamusoro pepamusoro) uye kuputika ne cavitation. Uyezve, kuvakwa kwezvivakoti pasi pegungwa kunomiririra mari yakakwirira yezvose zviri zviviri kuisa nekugadzirisa.
Rimwe dambudziko rakakodzera ndere kukanganiswa kwemamiriro okunze. Turbines dzinofanirwa kugadzirwa kuitira kuti dzisakanganisa zvipenyu zvemugungwa, zvakaita semhuka dzinoyamwisa kana hove. Mupfungwa iyi, chirongwa cheFLOTEC chakaita budiriro huru nekubatanidza matekinoroji anodzikisira izvi zvinokanganisa, izvo zvakakosha kuti uwane mvumo yekutonga uye kuderedza kupokana munharaunda.
Tidal energy mapurojekiti munyika
Imwe yemapurojekiti akakosha maererano nechiyero ndeye MeyGen tidal simba system muScotland, inomiririra iyo yakakura seti yeakawanda anoshanda turbines munyika. Iyi 6 MW system yakatumira kunze kwenyika ingangoita makumi maviri neshanu GWh yemagetsi kuNational Grid kubva payakaiswa muPhase 25A, ichivhara avhareji yekushandiswa kwepagore kwedzinosvika zviuru zvitatu nemazana masere edzimba dzeBritish.
Panyaya yekuvandudza, iyo ELEMENT purojekiti yakaitawo mipiro yakakosha, kugadzira a intelligent control system iyo inokwidziridza kushanda kwema turbines nekutarisira zvirinani uye kugadzirisa mitoro yemagetsi inokanganisa kushanda kwavo. Mhando iyi yetekinoroji inogona kuwedzera hupenyu hunobatsira hwema turbines uye kuderedza mutengo wesimba neinopfuura 17% muhupenyu hwavo hwose.
Zvirongwa zveramangwana nebudiriro
Imwe fambiro mberi inocherekedza ndeye Orbital Marine Power O₂ turbine, iyo inoonekwa seine simba zvakanyanya pasi rose ine hunyanzvi hwekugadzira. 2 MW. Iyi tekinoroji yatove kushanda muOrkney Islands, United Kingdom, uye inokwanisa kugovera dzimba zviuru zviviri pagore, mukuwedzera mukubatsira mukugadzirwa kwegreen hydrogen kuburikidza ne electrolysis.
Chirongwa cheD2T2, chinopihwa mari neEuropean Union, chafambirawo mberi mukudzikisa mitengo yekushandisa ne bvisa mabhokisi egiya mumaturbines uye shandisa yakananga transmission system, iyo inobvumira kugadzira magetsi neakaderera kumhanya mafungu. Kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uku kwakabvumira mari yekugadzira simba remvura kudzikiswa ne30%. Mapurojekiti akafanana, akadai seNEMMO, ari kuvandudza blade zvinhu kuti zvirambe kukukurwa uye mhedzisiro ye biofouling munzvimbo dzakaoma dzemugungwa.
Tidal energy, kunyangwe ichiri muchikamu chekusimudzira kana ichienzaniswa nemamwe masosi, tekinoroji ine mukana wekuve imwe yeakanyanya kudzokororwa simba remangwana. Kuedza kwazvino kutsvagisa uye kufambira mberi kwakanaka kuri kugadzira nzira yekuenda kune rakachena, rakasimba remangwana, umo simba rinodzokororwa rinoita basa rinowedzera. Nekuda kwekufanotaura kwayo, simba remvura rinopa zvakakosha pamusoro pezvimwe zvinovandudzwa uye neyakakwana zvivakwa uye nekudyara kukuru, zvinogona kubva pakuva vimbiso kuenda kuchokwadi chinobatika.
Pane simba rakachena rakaringana kudarika kuvhara zvido zve "murume", chatisina "muchina", unokwanisa kuutora uye kuutenderedza zvakanaka uye zvine pundutso.