Oceanic posidonia Icho chirimwa chemugungwa chinoita basa rakakosha mukuenzanisa kwezvisikwa zveMediterranean. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa nezvemamiriro ayo ekutyisidzirwa, vashomanana vanonyatsonzwisisa kukosha kwemhuka iyi uye zvikonzero zvinoita kuti ive chikamu chakakosha chezvipenyu zvegungwa.
Kutanga, zvakakosha kujekesa kuti, zvinopesana nezvinotendwa nevakawanda, Posidonia haisi algae. Icho chirimwa chepamusoro icho, semiti yepasi, ine michero, maruva, mashizha, dzinde nemidzi. Icho chokwadi chekuti inotumbuka pasi pemvura haifanire kunyengera. Chirimwa ichi chine biology yakaoma uye inogadziridzwa zvakanyanya kunharaunda yayo yegungwa. Ngationei kuti sei kuchengetedzwa kwayo kwakakosha.
Posidonia oceanica: akakosha maitiro
La oceanic posidonia Icho chirimwa chine photophilous chinotakura photosynthesis, zvinoreva kuti chinoda chiedza chezuva kuti chirarame, kunyangwe chiri pasi pemvura. Inotumbuka mumatsutso uye inobereka michero inozivikanwa se "muorivhi wegungwa" nekuda kwechimiro chayo uye ruvara. Kugona kwayo kuumba mafuro ari pasi pemvura kunoita kuti ive yakakosha ecosystem, ichipa hugaro hwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipenyu.
Posidonia meadows inoshanda sesefa yemvura yakasikwa, zvinoreva kuti kuvapo kwezvirimwa izvi kunopa kujeka kukuru mugungwa. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, inonzi a chiratidzo chikuru chemvura yakachena. Uyezve, inongobudirira munzvimbo dzine mamiriro ezvinhu, kureva, mumvura isina kusvibiswa ine oxygenation yakanaka. Nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwayo munzvimbo dzakakanganiswa nekusvibiswa kana kusvibiswa kwakanyanya, kunyangarika kwayo kunotinyevera zvakajeka nezvekuparara kwemugungwa. Posidonia inorongedzerwa serudzi rwusingaperi rweMedithera uye, nekuda kwekukosha kwayo kwezvakatipoteredza, yakaziviswa seWorld Heritage Site neUNESCO.
Kukosha kweiyo oceanic posidonia
Nzvimbo dzepasi pemvura dzePosidonia meadows ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakaoma uye zvinobereka zvisikwa muMediterranean. Basa rayo rinopfuura zvikuru kupa utiziro kumarudzi; Izvo zvinoshandawo sezvipingamupinyi zvinodzivirira zvemahombekombe egungwa.
Zvadaro, tinoongorora mabasa makuru ePosidonia:
1. Kuberekwa kweokisijeni uye biomass: Sikweya mita imwe chete yePosidonia meadow inogona kugadzira marita mana kusvika makumi maviri eokisijeni pazuva. Haisi iyo okisijeni chete yakakosha kune zvipenyu zvemugungwa, asi chikamu chakakosha chinotamirwa kumhepo, nokudaro zvichibatsira kune kunaka kwemweya watinofema.
2. Hugaro hwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana: Nzvimbo dzehuswa dzinogara kune anopfuura mazana mana emarudzi emiti uye angangoita chiuru chemarudzi emhuka. Pakati pavo, tinowana mhando dzine chido chekutengeserana senge mollusks, hove uye crustaceans. Izvi zvinoita kuti Posidonia ive yakakosha ecosystem yehupfumi hwenzvimbo, ine chekuita nekuredza nekushanya.
3. Kuderedzwa kwekukukurwa kwemahombekombe: Vanoteya mavhu uye vanogadzira zvipingamupinyi zvinodzivirira kukanganiswa kwemasaisai, kudzivirira jecha remahombekombe kuti risakukurwe. Nekuda kwemuchina uyu, nzvimbo dzePosidonia dzinodzivirira mahombekombe kubva mukukukurwa kukuru uye kwakawedzera, kudzivirira kutsakatika kwemahombekombe. Izvi zvakakosha kuchengetedza mahombekombe uye kukwezva kwevashanyi.
Zvinhu zvinotyisidzira Posidonia oceanica
Pasinei nemabhenefiti ese aanounza kune ecosystem, posidonia iri kudzikira nekuda kwekutyisidzira kwakasiyana. Inofungidzirwa kuti mumakore achangopfuura, 34% yePosidonia meadows muMediterranean yakarasika.
1. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze: Kukwira kwekushisa kwemvura, kunyanya mushure mekupisa kunopisa, kunokonzera huwandu hwevanhu vanofa muPosidonia. Pane tembiricha iri pamusoro pe28 ° C, chirimwa chinotambura kushushikana kwachisingagoni kukunda, sezvo kukura kwayo kuchinonoka zvakanyanya.
2. Kusvibisa uye kurasika: Kusvibiswa kwemvura, kunyanya yakawandisa organic zvinhu uye inobuda kubva mutsvina yekuchenesa zvidyarwa nezvinomera zvekubvisa salination, zvinokonzeresa kukuvadza kwakakura kumafuro. Saizvozvowo, kusungirirwa kusingadzorwi kwezvikepe, izvo zvinodzura zvinomera nezvibatiso zvazvo, zvinokurumidzisa kuparadzwa kwemafuro aya.
3. Zviitwa zvevanhu: Trawling, dredging uye kuvakwa kwemahombekombe kunokanganisa zvakanyanya iyi ecosystem. Zvivakwa zvekushanya, senge marinas, zvinoderedza nzvimbo yehuswa, ukuwo aquaculture uye kuwanda kweanoparadza algae senge. Caulerpa racemosa Vanokwikwidzana nePosidonia kune zvinovaka muviri uye nzvimbo.
Zvakakosha kusimbisa kuti kutsakatika kwemafuro aya kune mutengo mukuru wehupfumi. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nzvimbo dzinogara posidonia dzakasimba dzinounza zvikomborero zvehupfumi zvinosvika 14.000 euros pahekita pagore, nekuda kwekushanya uye kuredza kunoenderera mberi.
Zviito zvekuchengetedza oceanic posidonia
Tichifunga nezve kukosha kwayo kwehupfumi uye kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedza posidonia chinhu chakakosha. Pane zvimwe zviito zvatinogona kutora isu pachedu uye pamwe chete kuchengetedza iyi yakakosha ecosystem:
Ecological funding: Dzivisa mabhoti ekumisa anchori pamafuro uye, panzvimbo pezvo, shandisa ecological buoys akaiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana muMedithera kudzivirira kukanganisa.
Responsible tourism: Kuziva nezvevashanyi kunoitawo basa rakakosha. Kunyura kwakadzikama uye maitiro ekufambisa anoremekedza zvipenyu zvemugungwa uye kudzivirira kusvibiswa kunofanirwa kukurudzirwa.
Tsvagiridzo uye kudzoreredza: Zvirongwa zvesainzi, zvakaita sepurojekiti yekudyara miti yePosidonia meadow muBalearic Islands, matanho akakosha ekudzoreredza zvakarasika. Kunyangwe nekudyarwa kwezvimedu zvePosidonia munzvimbo dzakaora, kudzoreredzwa kwemapapu epasi pemvura aya kunotsvakwa.
Kudzivirirwa kwemutemo: Kuziviswa kwenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzemugungwa uye kudzorwa kwakasimba kwezviitwa zvemahombekombe ndizvowo zvakakosha pakuona kupona kwePosidonia.
Sezvo isu tichifambira mberi mukurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze uye kushatiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedza zvakakosha ecosystems sePosidonia oceanica kwakakosha. Kuchengetedzwa kwayo hakungovimbisi chete kuchengetedzwa kwezvakasiyana-siyana zvezvipenyu zvemugungwa, asiwo kugadzikana kwehupfumi hwenharaunda zhinji dzinotsamira pakushanya nekuredza. Kuita uchiziva uye nekukasira ndiyo chete nzira yekuita kuti Posidonia irambe ichiita basa rayo rakakosha pamhenderekedzo dzeMedithera.