Isu tinoti simba rinogona kudzoreredzwa kana richiuya kubva kune zvakasikwa sosi uye haripere nekufamba kwenguva. Uye zvakare, yakachena, haina kusvibisa uye zviwanikwa zvacho zvakasiyana kwazvo. Kune akasiyana siyana masimba anovandudzwa papasi redu uye, sezvo tekinoroji ichifambira mberi, dzimwe nzira dzinoonekwa dzekushandisa simba repasi redu pasina kuita zvisaririra uye enderera nemhedzisiro ye shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.
Muchikamu chino, tichakudzidzisa iwe zvese mhando dzesimba rinowedzerwazve izvo zviripo kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuona uye kuongorora huwandu hwatinahwo kugadzira simba rakasvibira pasina kukuvadza pasi redu uye nekusimudzira basa remhando yepamusoro. Iwe unoda here kuziva kuti ndedzipi mhando dzesimba rinodzokororwa? Ramba uchiverenga kuti uzive.
Biofuels
Kutanga nekutakura, tinofanira kutaura kuti ibasa rinoshandisa mafuta akawanda uye, naizvozvo, rinosvibisa mhepo. Kunzvenga kusvibiswa kwakanyanya, kukwira kwemitengo yemafuta asina kuchena uye kupera kwemafuta, biofuels akagadzirwa.
Biofuel imafuta emvura kana gasi anogadzirwa kubva muchirimwa kana mhuka. Sezvo iri renewable simba sosi risingapere, rinogona kuvhara kudiwa kwekufambisa uye kuderedza kutsamira pamafuta, zvakare kuderedza kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Pakati peakanyanya kukosha biofuels ari biodiesel uye bioethanol. Biodiesel inowanikwa kubva kumafuta matsva emiriwo. Kune rimwe divi, bioethanol inogadzirwa kubva kune zvakapfuma mune shuga kana starch, senge nzimbe. Nekushandiswa kwayo, iyo carbon footprint inogadzirwa nemotokari inogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya.
Biomass simba
Imwe mhando yesimba renewable ndiyo biomass. Iyi ndiyo yese organic matter inoshandiswa kugadzira magetsi. Iyi seti yezvigadzirwa zve organic ine heterogeneous uye inobva kwakasiyana kwakabva, senge zvekurima nemasango zvakasara, mvura yetsvina, tsvina yesuweji uye chikamu cheorganic chemarara emarara emudhorobha.
Biomass simba rinogona kugadzirwa kuburikidza nemaitiro akasiyana, akadai kupisa, anaerobic digestion, gasification uye pyrolysis. Kuburikidza nenzira idzi, kupisa nemagetsi zvinogona kugadzirwa, zvichiita kuti biomass ive imwe nzira inogoneka inogoneka kumatunhu akasiyana, anosanganisira ekurima neindasitiri.
Simba remhepo
La mhepo ine simba Ndiyo imwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa munyika. Inobva pakutora mukana we kinetic simba rine huwandu hwemhepo wochishandura kuita magetsi.
Kushandiswa kwekutanga kwesimba iri kwakatangira kare, apo munhu aishandisa mhepo kufambisa ngarava nemaseiri, kutamisa zvigayo kukuya zviyo kana kupomba mvura. Nhasi, ivo vanoshandiswa turbines emhepo kugadzira magetsi munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, panyika nepagungwa.
Kune marudzi maviri esimba remhepo: pasi negungwa. Offshore mhepo simba rinotora mukana wemhepo isingachinji uye ine simba kupfuura inowanikwa panyika.
Geothermal simba
Geothermal simba Isimba rinogonekazve rinobva mukupisa kwakachengetwa pasi pevhu. Zvinotora mukana wekusiyana kwetembiricha muzvikamu zvemukati zvepasi kugadzira simba, kungave remagetsi kana kupisa. Simba iri rinowanikwa Maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva uye mazuva 24 pagore, izvo zvinoita kuti ive tsime risingaperi.
Kune mhando mbiri huru dzegeothermal simba: yakakwirira uye yakaderera enthalpy. High enthalpy inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi makuru, nepo yakaderera enthalpy inonyanya kukodzera kushandiswa kwemusha kana yemunharaunda, sekupa kupisa-kupisa.
Simba remumvura
La simba remumvura Iri zvakare sosi inogona kudzokororwa iyo inotora mukana wekugona kwemakungwa. Kusiyana nemamwe masosi, hapana nzira imwe chete yekubvisa simba iri, nekuti rinogona kushandiswa uchishandisa akasiyana matekinoroji zvichienderana nechiitiko chiri kushandiswa, senge. masaisai, masaisai kana kunyange kusiyana kwetembiricha pakati pegungwa negungwa rakadzika.
Chakanakira simba remugungwa ndechekuti hariburitse zvakakosha kwezvakatipoteredza kana zvekuona zvinokonzeresa, izvo zvinoita kuti itaridzike kune yakakura-kukura. Kunyange zvazvo simba iri risati rava nehuwandu hwekutora chikamu mumasisitimu emagetsi, zvinotarisirwa kuti nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji richava chinhu chakakosha mune ramangwana.
Simba remhepo diki
La mini mhepo simba inoshanda nenzira yakafanana nesimba remhepo, asi inosiyana pakuti ma turbines ayo ane simba risingasviki 100 kW uye nzvimbo yekutsvaira blade isingasviki 200 square metres.. Rudzi urwu rwesimba rinotarisana nekuzvishandisa uye kugovera magetsi kune dzimwe nzvimbo dziri kure uye dzakaparadzana kubva kumagetsi emagetsi.
Mini-mhepo simba rinobatsirawo kudzikisa kurasikirwa kwesimba panguva yekufambisa uye kugovera, kuve imwe nzira inoshanda yekushandiswa kwekugara uye mabhizinesi madiki.
Simba reHydraulic
Hydraulic simba Ndiyo imwe yekare uye zvakare inonyanya kushandiswa munyika. Simba iri rinowanikwa nekutora mukana wesimba rekinetic rekufamba kwemvura zhinji, semunzizi kana madhamu.
Mvura painofamba, inoita kusvetuka kunofambisa turbine, iyo yakabatana nejenareta inoshandura kufamba ikoko kuita magetsi. Zvidyarwa zveHydroelectric zvaive chimwe che zvinyorwa zvikuru zvekugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi kusvika pakati pezana remakore rechi20. Parizvino, achiri kushandiswa uye anoonekwa seimwe yedzakachena uye yakagadzikana sarudzo yekugadzira magetsi pasina kugadzira yakakosha kabhoni tsoka.
Simba rezuva
La solar energy Zvinotora mukana wemwaranzi yezuva kugadzira magetsi kana kupisa. Muchikamu ichi, tinowana mhando nhatu huru:
Photovoltaic Solar Energy
La Photovoltaic Solar Energy Iyo inoshandura zvakananga chiitiko mwaranzi yezuva kuita magetsi kuburikidza nekushandisa solar panel. Aya anoumbwa nemasero ephotovoltaic ayo, paanogamuchira mwaranzi yezuva, anofadza maerekitironi uye anogadzira mutsauko unogona kuita, nokudaro achigadzira magetsi. Rudzi urwu rwesimba rwuri kukwira, zvese padanho rekugara uye remaindasitiri, nekuda kwekuderedzwa kwemutengo uye nekuvandudzwa kwepaneru kushanda.
Thermal zuva simba
La Thermal zuva simba Zvinotora mukana wekupisa kwezuva kuvhara zvinodiwa zvinopisa muzvivako, maindasitiri uye chikamu chekurima. Kufanana ne photovoltaics, isarudzo yezvakatipoteredza uye inoshanda zvikuru.
Thermoelectric simba rezuva
Pakupedzisira, isu tine iyo thermoelectric simba rezuva, iyo inoshandisa solar concentrators kutarisa mwaranzi panzvimbo diki uye kukwidza tembiricha. Kuburikidza nehunyanzvi uhu, kupisa kunoshandurwa kuve magetsi uchishandisa tembiricha yemvura. Iyi tekinoroji inowanikwa pazvikero zvidiki uye zvakakura uye ine hukuru hwakakura hwekukura mumakore anotevera.
Nekufambira mberi kwe tekinoroji, masimba ese anovandudzwa anotarisirwa kuve mbiru dzemusanganiswa wesimba remangwana. Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvisingagumi zvechisikigo hazvisi kungoderedza kubudiswa kweCO2, asiwo kunokurudzira simba rekusununguka uye kunogadzira basa rakanaka muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kutora mukana weiyi mikana kuchashandura nzira yatinowana nayo simba uye tobatsira kuti ive yakachena, inogarika.