Munguva pfupi yapfuura, zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvesainzi zvakaratidza kukura kwedambudziko iri, mugungwa nemumuviri wemunhu. Humbowo hwakaunganidzwa hunoratidza kuti mapurasitiki madiki atovepo mukona yega yega yepasi , kusanganisira mapapu edu, ropa, uye chikafu. Pasi apa, tinoongorora zvakawanikwa zvakakosha.
Microplastics muzvisikwa zvemugungwa uye patafura yedu yekudya kwemanheru
Gungwa ndiro rimwe remadhishi makuru pasi rose epurasitiki. Ongororo yakaitwa neSpanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO-CSIC) yakasimbisa kuti magakanje ebhuruu ari muMar Menor lagoon ane microplastics munyama dzawo, nepo vaongorori vekuYunivhesiti yeLas Palmas vakawana zvidimbu izvi mudumbu reCanary Island sea sharks. Zvikara izvi nemhuka dzinonzi crustaceans, dzakawanda dzadzo dzinokosha mukutengeserana, saka zvinova nzvimbo yakananga ye microplastics mucheni yechikafu. Ongororo dzakaitwa muzvidzidzo zvese izvi dzinobvumirana kuti kusvibiswa kwe microplastics mugungwa kunosvika kune zvisikwa zvemugungwa zvakapararira.
Pamusoro pemhuka, nzvimbo dzemugungwa dzinotambura nekuunganidzwa kwemapurasitiki. Mafungu nemafungu zvinopwanya marara aya kuita zvidimbu zvidiki, izvo zvinozopedzisira zvabatanidzwa mu plankton ne sediments. Hove dzeshellfish, dzakadai se mussels, clams, uye oysters, dzinosefa zvidimbu izvi uye dzinozviunganidza munyama dzadzo, zvichiisa njodzi yakananga kuchengetedzeka kwadzo kuti dzidyiwe nevanhu.
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Microplastics mumuviri wemunhu uye mune zvatinodya
Kusangana nevanhu ne microplastics hakudzivisiki. Chidzidzo chakaitwa paEuropean Respiratory Society Congress, chakaitwa nevarwere vechiGreek, chakawana polypropylene ne polyethylene zvidimbu mumapapu ne bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Imwe tsvakurudzo yakawana microplastics muropa, muuropi, uye mumvura yekubereka yemunhu . Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinoratidza kuti zvidimbu izvi hazvingofemerwi chete asi zvinogonawo kutamira kune dzimwe nhengo dzakasiyana-siyana. Masayendisiti anonyevera kuti migumisiro yenguva refu ichiri kusazivikanwa, asi anoratidza njodzi dzinogona kuitika dzekuzvimba uye kukanganiswa kwemahormone.
Kurongedza nemagaba ezuva nezuva zvakare chinhu chakakosha. Ongororo yekuenzanisa makapu emapepa ane mapurasitiki akaputirwa yakaratidza kuti magaba aya, kusanganisira ayo anotengeswa seanoora, anoburitsa mapurasitiki madiki kana akasangana nezvinwiwa zvinopisa . Imwe ongororo yekuCanada yakaratidza kuti mabhegi etii ekutengeserana anoburitsa mamiriyoni ezvidimbu panguva yekubika. Mvura yemubhodhoro , munyu, mupunga wekukurumidza, nezvimwe zvekudya zvakagadzirwa zvine mapurasitiki madiki, zvichiita kuti kudya kwedu kuve chinhu chinogara chichionekwa.
Indasitiri yezvekudya nevatengi vane mukana wekuita chimwe chinhu. Nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kushandisa mvura yakaseferwa panzvimbo pemvura yemumabhodhoro, kusarudza tii dzemashizha asina kusimba, uye kukoshesa zvekudya zvitsva pane zvakagadziriswa zvakanyanya. Kuvandudza masisitimu ekuchenesa mvura yakasviba ndeimwe nzira yekukurumidzira yekudzivirira shinda dzekugadzira kubva muzvipfeko kuti dzisasvike mugungwa.
Kuderedza kuratidzwa: zviito zvidiki
Sainzi iri kutarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu aya uye iri kukurudzirawo shanduko mumaitiro. Semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwemapedhi ekukwesha ane hushamwari nezvakatipoteredza kunoratidzwa senzira yekudzivirira kuburitswa kwemapurasitiki madiki mukicheni. Chidzidzo chakaburitswa muEnvironmental Advances chakaratidza kuti mapedhi ekukwesha anogona kuburitsa magiramu ari pakati pe0,68 ne4,21 epurasitiki pamunhu pagore, nepo mamodheru akagadzirwa neshinda dzemiti, dzakadai seesparto grass, loofah, kana cellulose, ane mapurasitiki mashoma kana kuti asina zvachose. Kushandisa midziyo iyi yechisikigo kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya huwandu hwezvidimbu zvinobuda mumvura.
Mamwe matanho anokurudzirwa nenyanzvi anosanganisira kushandisa mvura yakaseferwa panzvimbo pemvura iri mumabhodhoro, kudzivisa mabhegi etii, kuderedza kushandiswa kwepurasitiki inoshandiswa kamwe chete, uye kunatsiridza kurapwa kwemvura yakasviba, sezvo kushandisa muchina wekuwachisa kuchikonzera kusvibiswa nekuburitsa shinda dzinozopedzisira dzapinda mugungwa.
Kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki idambudziko repasi rose riri kutokanganisa makungwa edu zvakananga, kuwanikwa kwechikafu, uye hutano hwedu. Humbowo huri kuwedzera uye hunoratidza kuti nzira chete yekudzivirira njodzi iyi ndeyekuderedza kugadzirwa kwepurasitiki nekuvandudza manejimendi emarara. Sarudzo diki dzese dzinokosheswa, kubva pakusarudza nzvimbo yekukwesha yakagadzirwa nehuswa hwe esparto kusvika pakutsigira masisitimu ekurapa mvura yakasviba ari nani. Remangwana repasi, uye redu, rinogona kutsamira pairi.
