Takatarisana nehurombo hwe dzakasiyana-siyana marine, wadii kutendeukira kune aquaculture? Mazhinji esalmoni anotengeswa kuGerman anobva ku aquaculture. Zvisinei, tsika iyi ine zvipingamupinyi zvakakomba: vafudzi vanowanzoshandisa mishonga uye mvura inosvibiswa nemarara. Pasinei nematambudziko aya, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzine chokwadi chekuti mapurazi emumvura haangokwanise kuchengetedza makungwa chete, asiwo anopa chikafu. pasi rose mukukura nguva dzose.
Kunobva protein
In the chikafu chevanhu, hove ndiyo ine mapuroteni pasi rose, kudarika huku nenguruve. Parizvino, hove dzinosangana neprotein inodiwa ye17% yevanhu. Nekudaro, kudiwa kwehove kuchawedzera zvakanyanya mumakore gumi kusvika gumi nemashanu anotevera, zvakapetwa kaviri. Pasina aquaculture, hazvingaitike kuzadzisa izvi zvinowedzera mapuroteni zvinodiwa, kunyanya nehuwandu hwevanhu hunoramba huchiwedzera.
Aquaculture inopa mukana wakakosha zvichienzaniswa nekupfuya mhuka dzepanyika dzakaita senguruve kana mombe. Kutanga, hove nezvisikwa zvomugungwa zvinoda zvokudya zvishoma pane mhuka. mhuka dzepanyika. Semuenzaniso, kugadzira kirogiramu imwe chete yemombe inoda chikafu chakapetwa ka15 pane kugadzira kirogiramu yecarp.
Uku kuchengetedza simba muhove kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zviviri zvikuru. Kune rumwe rutivi, hove imhuka dzine ropa rinotonhora, zvinoreva kuti kupisa kwemukati kwadzo kunopindirana nenharaunda yadzinogara, kuchengetedza simba. Ukuwo, kufamba mumhoteredzo yemvura kunoda kushanda nesimba zvishoma kana zvichienzaniswa nemhuka dzinofamba panyika.
Imwe muhove mbiri inouya kubva kugungwa
Maererano neUN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), hafu yehove dziri kudyiwa iye zvino inobva aquaculture. Zvisinei, kukosha kwemuitiro uyu kunosiyana zvikuru zvichienderana nenharaunda. MuCentral Europe, vatengi vanosarudza hove dzemusango, uku kuChina aquaculture Ine tsika yekare. Kwemazana emakore, maChinese akasimudza carp, tsika yakaisa nyika mberi kwekugadzirwa kwemvura. Nhasi, China inobereka zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvehove dzepasi rose. aquaculture pasi rose.
Muitiro unowedzera kushoropodzwa nevanoona nezvezvakatipoteredza
Sezvo kurima kwemvura kwakasimukira, kwakakwezva kushoropodzwa kwakawanda kubva kune vanoongorora zvakatipoteredza. Kure nokuva chigadzikiso kuchinetso chokuredza hove, muzviitiko zvakawanda kwakawedzera mugariro wacho. Mhuka zhinji dzakasimudzwa mu aquaculture dzinodya nyama, zvichireva kuti dzinodya kune dzimwe mhuka dzinofanirwa kubatwa munzvimbo yadzinogara.
Nyaya yetuna inonyanya kunetsa, sezvo mhuka iyi isingagone kubereka muutapwa. Varimi vanobata tuina tudiki voaisa mumakeji, vachiapa hove dzinodhura dzinowanikwa mugungwa. Nekuda kwekutapwa, tuna haikwanise kubereka, ichiwedzera kudzvanywa kwevanhu vesango.
Zvakanakira zve aquaculture
Kunyangwe matambudziko, aquaculture inopawo akawanda mabhenefiti mune akasiyana mativi:
- Kugadzirwa kwezvokudya kunobudirira: Ndiyo imwe yenzira dzakanakisa dzekugadzira mapuroteni kuti adyiwe nevanhu. Hove dzine mwero wakaderera wekushandura chikafu pane mhuka dzepavhu.
- Upfumi hwemunharaunda: Inounza mabasa nekusimudzira hupfumi munzvimbo dzemahombekombe uye kumaruwa, uko mamwe marudzi emabasa angave ari kudzikira.
- Sustainability: Zvichienzaniswa nekubata hove yemusango, kurima kwemumvura kunogona kuve imwe nzira inogoneka kana ikabatwa nemazvo, kuderedza kudzvanyirirwa kwevanhu vesango uye kubatsira mukuchengetedza makungwa.
Kuipa uye njodzi dze aquaculture
Nekudaro, pane zvakakomba zvipingamupinyi uye matambudziko anofanirwa kugadziriswa kuti aquaculture ive yakasimba zvechokwadi:
- Kusvibiswa: Kuunganidzwa kwemarara, sezvimedu zvechikafu netsvina yehove, zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kunaka kwemvura, zvichikonzera matambudziko akadai seeutrophication.
- Zvirwere uye kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya: Mamiriro ezvinhu akazara mumapurazi akawanda ehove anogona kukurudzira kupararira kwezvirwere, zvichiita kuti pave nekushandiswa kwakanyanya kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, ine ngozi inoguma kune zvipenyu zvemvura uye hutano hwevanhu.
- Biodiversity kurasikirwa: Kuunzwa kwemarudzi emarudzi ekunze kwenyika kana kuti kupukunyuka kwehove dzinorimwa kunogona kuchinja magariro emunzvimbomo nekukwikwidzana nemarudzi eko.
Pasinei nematambudziko ese aya, zvakakosha kuenderera mberi nekutsvaga kutsvaga nzira dzekuita kuti aquaculture ive yakasimba uye isingakuvadze nharaunda. Tekinoroji dzakaita serecirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) dziri kubatsira kudzikisira kuipa, kunyangwe pachine nzira refu yekuenda.
Iko kugona kwekurima kwemvura kuzadzisa kudiwa kuri kukura kweprotein yemugungwa hakuna kupokana. Kana tikakwanisa kukunda matambudziko ayo, nzira iyi inogona kuita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza chikafu chepasi rose.