Musi waZvita 13, 2013, migwagwa ye Paris Vaive vakasvibiswa seimba ye20 square metre ine vanhu vasere vanoputa. Guta guru rakanga richisangana nechikamu che kusvibiswa yakaomeswa zvakanyanya, kunyanya nekuda kwe traffic traffic, kudziyisa uye maindasitiri zviitiko. Nenguva dza18 masikati, denga raiva nemamiriyoni matanhatu zvimedu zvakanaka pa litita yemweya, zvakapetwa ka30 kupfuura zvakajairwa. Mamiriro ekunze eParis aive akafanana neayo eiyo kusvuta pasina.
Hutano mhedzisiro ye ultrafine particles
Aya data asina kuburitswa akaburitswa muna Mbudzi 24, 2014 uye akawanikwa nekuda kweParis bhora, yakaiswa mupaki. Andre Citroen mudunhu 15. Mudziyo uyu unokwanisa kuramba uchiyera nanoparticles zviripo mumhepo. Izvi ultrafine zvimedu, iyo dhayamita yaro iri pasi pe 0.1 micrometer, inokuvadza zvakanyanya kuhutano hwevanhu, sezvo inopinda mukati memapapu, inopinda muropa uye inogona kusvika kumidziyo yemwoyo.
Zvimedu zvakanaka o ultrafine Ivo vakarongedzerwa kubva 2012 ne World Health Organization (WHO) secarcinogenic, kunyanya inokanganisa mapapu uye dundira. Uyezve, ivo vakabatanidzwa ne zvirwere zvepfungwa uye asthma. Kusvibiswa kwemhepo kunewo simba rakananga pakuberekwa, sezvo kunoisa vakadzi vane pamuviri panjodzi huru yekuzvara vana vane huremu hushoma.
Zvidzidzo zvazvino zvinofungidzira kuti vanhu vanopfuura mamirioni maviri pasi rose vanofa gore rega rega nekuda kwekufemerwa kwezvimedu zvakanaka zvinogadzirwa ne kusvibiswa kwemuchadenga. MuFrance, kusvibiswa kunofungidzirwa kuve kwakakonzeresa 48.000 vanofa gore negore, kuva chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zvokufa, bedzi seri kwefodya nedoro.
Zviito zvekurwisa kusvibiswa muParis
Mumakore achangopfuura, Paris yakawedzera kuedza kwayo kuderedza kusvibiswa kweguta. Meya Anne Hidalgo yakatungamirira kurwisana nguva dzose diesel, zvichikurudzirwa nenyaya yekuti motokari dzinoshandisa mafuta aya dzinoita chikamu chikuru chekubuda kwe zvimedu zvakanaka muguta guru reFrance. Kubva 2015, zvirambidzo zvave zvichiitwa kumotokari dzekare, uye kubva 2024, inotarisirwa kurambidza zvachose kutenderera kwemotokari dzedhiziri muguta.
Pakati pematanho akakosha ekudzikisa kukanganisa kwetraffic pamhando yemhepo ndiko kushandiswa kwehurongwa Crit'Air. Chirongwa ichi chinoisa mota zvichienderana nehuwandu hwadzo hwekuburitsa, ichidzipa chitupa chine ruvara chinoratidza huwandu hwadzo hwekusvibiswa. Kutenda kuCrit'Air, zviremera zvinogona kudzikamisa kutenderera kwemota dzinosvibisa zvakanyanya kana zvikamu zvakakomba zvekusvibisa zvakaonekwa.
Pamusoro pezvo, guta rakakurudzira zvirongwa zvekudzikisa kuvimba nemotokari, sekukurudzira kushandiswa kwemotokari. bhasikoro kuburikidza nemasevhisi senge Velib' kana kugoverana kwemotokari dzemagetsi kuburikidza nezvirongwa zvakadai se Autolib'. Zvivakwa zvemumaguta zviri kuvandudzwa zvakare, nekuvakwa kweanopfuura makiromita 1.400 emigwagwa yekutenderera yakarongwa muna 2024.
Tungamira kusvibiswa mushure memoto weNotre Dame
Musi waApril 15, 2019, moto muKathedral ye Notre Dame yakawedzera kusvibiswa kweParis. Panguva yechiitiko, anenge 400 matani emutobvu izvo zvaiva chikamu chedenga rechechi uye shaft, zvichibudisa zviuru zvezvinhu zvine chepfu mumhepo. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya akaita kuti a dambudziko rehutano pasina zvakamboitika.
Mutobvu ndeimwe yezvinosvibisa zvine ngozi kune hutano. Kufemba kana kupinza zvidimbu zve lead zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba ehutano, akadai saturnismo, iyo inonyanya kubata vana vari pasi pemakore matanhatu ezera. Nechikonzero ichi, Paris City Council yakakurudzira kuti vagari nevashandi vari pedyo necathedral vaongororwe ropa kuyera mwero wavo wesimbi iyi.
Uyezve, nzira ye kubviswa munzvimbo yecathedral nenzvimbo dzayo. Basa racho raisanganisira kuvharwa kwenguva pfupi kwemigwagwa yaiva pedyo uye kucheneswa kwenzvimbo dzine utachiona, pachishandiswa majero anonwa anobata tunhu twemutobvu.
Tarisiro yeramangwana
Pasinei nekuedza kwakakosha kwakaitwa nevakuru venzvimbo, the kunaka kwemweya muParis rinoramba riri dambudziko. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunowedzera mamiriro acho ezvinhu, kunyanya nezviitiko zvinowanzoitika zve kupisa kwakanyanya, iyo inofadza kuumbwa kwezvinhu zvinosvibisa zvakadai se ozone, kunyanya kukuvadza kumhepo yekufema.
Hondo yekurwisa kusvibiswa muParis inoda matanho enguva refu uye kuvandudzwa kwedzimwe nzira dzakasimba dzekushandisa motokari. Ikozvino zvirongwa zvekufamba kwemaguta, zvakadai sekusimudzira motokari dzemagetsi uye kukurudzira kushandiswa kwekutakura kwekugoverana, matanho anokosha, asi haana kukwana kuzadzisa zvinangwa. zvinangwa zvemamiriro ekunze uye kuvandudza hutano hwevanhu. Mitemo mitsva nemapurojekiti ezvivakwa zvinotarisirwa kuenderera mberi mumakore anotevera.
Kusvibiswa kwemhepo muParis kunoramba kuri dambudziko rakakura rinokanganisa hutano hwevagari vemo uye hupenyu hwavo. Zvisinei, kuburikidza nekuita pamwe chete kwezviremera nevagari vemunyika, kune tariro yekuwana kuderedzwa kukuru kwemazinga ekusvibisa mumakore anotevera.