Miti yakakosha kubatsira kuderedza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, sezvo vane kugona kwakasiyana-siyana kunotora carbon dioxide (CO2) kubva mumhepo. Iri gasi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zvekupisa kwepasi uye kuderedzwa kwayo ndicho chinhu chikuru chekudzivisa migumisiro yakakomba mune ramangwana. Asi ibasa rei rinoitwa nemiti nemhoteredzo yemasango mukuita uku? Pazasi, isu tichaongorora kuti miti inobatsira sei kubata CO2 uye zvatingaite kuchengetedza pasi redu.
Kukosha kwemiti kutora CO2
Miti, kuburikidza nephotosynthesis, inotora CO2 kubva kumhepo uye ichishandura kuita oksijeni. Kuita uku kwakakosha kwete chete nekuti kunochenesa mweya watinofema, asi nekuti kunobatsira kuderedza kukanganiswa kwemamwe magasi egreenhouse. Kutaura zvazviri, zvinofungidzirwa kuti paavhareji muti unogona kuchenesa makirogiramu ari pakati pe20 ne45 emhepo gore negore, zvichienderana nerudzi rwawo uye ukuru.
Zvakakosha, miti midiki inowanzotora yakawanda CO2 pavanenge vachikura. Kana vachinge vasvika pakukura, kugona kwavo kutora kabhoni zvishoma nezvishoma kunodzikira, kunyangwe vachiramba vachikosha mukutenderera kwepasi rose. Sango rakura rinoitawo sea carbon sink, kuchengetedza huwandu hukuru mubiomass yayo uye ivhu.
Yakawanda sei CO2 miti inotora?
Iyo kabhoni sequestration kugona kwemuti kunoenderana nezvakati wandei, semhando yemhando, mamiriro ekunze uye ivhu mamiriro. Maererano nezvidzidzo, hekita imwe yesango inogona kuva nemazana emiti, uye mamwe marudzi anogona kutora kusvika ku150 kg ye CO2 gore negore. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nzvimbo dzakakura dzine masango dzinogona kuita basa rakakosha mukudzikamisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.
Wepakati munhu anogadzira angangoita 3,9 matani eCO2 pagore nekuda kwezviitwa zvakaita sekufambisa, simba rinoshandiswa mumba, uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinoda maindasitiri maitiro. Kurwisana neizvi, maererano nezvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, kumativi emiti ye67 pamunhu aizodiwa, iyo inoisa muhuwandu hwemasango atinoda kudyara nekudzivirira kuti tiwane kuenzana.
Maitiro e photosynthesis uye hukama hwayo nekutorwa kwe CO2
Iyo photosynthesis process ndiyo injini huru inobvumira zvirimwa kutora CO2. Miti inotora carbon dioxide kubva mumhepo kuburikidza nemaburi madiki ari mumashizha ayo, anonzi stomata, yoabatanidza nemvura yainosveta kubva kumidzi yawo. Nekubatsira kwechiedza chezuva, vanoshandura zvinhu izvi kuti zvive shuga, izvo zvavanoshandisa kukura, vachibudisa oxygen sechinhu chinobva mumhepo.
Kuburikidza nephotosynthesis, miti nezvimwe zvinomera zvakasvibira zvinodzikamisa kabhoni mumhepo, zvichibatsira kuchengetedza kuenzana kwemagasi. Pamusoro pekuita semakabhoni anonyura, vanowedzera zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana nekusimudzira kudyidzana nezvimwe zvipenyu zviri mu ecosystem.
Basa remasango mukuderedza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze
Izvo zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti miti haiite yega. Masango, pamwe chete, vatsigiri vane simba mukurwisana nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Maererano nezvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, masango epasi rose anofungidzirwa kutora anenge mabhiriyoni 7,6 matani eCO2 gore negore. Zvisinei, nekuparadzwa kwemasango uye nemoto wesango, tiri kusunungura huwandu hwakawanda hwekabhoni yakaunganidzwa mumhepo uye, panguva imwe chete, kuderedza kukwanisa kwekutsvaga kwemangwana.
Ndicho chikonzero nei zvakakosha kumisa kutemwa kwemasango uye kukurudzira kudzorerwa kwenzvimbo dzakaparadzwa kuburikidza nemaitiro ekugadzirisa masango. Matanho aya haangobatsiri kutora CO2 yakawanda, asi zvakare kuvandudza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, kupa nzvimbo dzekugara kune mhuka dziri mungozi uye kugadzirisa kutenderera kwemvura yepasi.
Kuparadzwa kwemasango uye kukanganisa kwaro pane carbon balance
Nehurombo, kugona kwemiti kutora CO2 kuri kuderera nekuda kwe kuwedzera mukutema miti, iyo inokanganisa masango anogara achinaya mvura neanodziya. Kutema miti hakungoparadzi nzvimbo dzekugara, asi kunoshandura miti yakatemwa kuita matsime ehutsi kana yapiswa kana kuora zvishoma nezvishoma, ichiburitsa kabhoni yaimbochengetwa muzvimiro zvayo.
Zvinofungidzirwa kuti 15% yegore negore CO2 inobuda pasi rose inobva mukutemwa kwemasango, zvichiita kuti ive imwe yezvinonyanya kukonzera shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Kuchengetedza masango aripo uye kukurudzira kudyarazve masango nemarudzi eko kunofanira kuva chinhu chinokosha pasi rose.
Mhuka dzemiti ine yakanyanya CO2 yekunyudza
Mamwe marudzi emiti, nokuda kwekukura kwawo nokukurumidza uye kukura, ane simba guru rokutora carbon zvichienzaniswa nemamwe. Pakati pavo, eucalyptus inomira, iyo inogona kuchengetedza kusvika ku 150 kg ye CO2 pagore, uye pine dombo, iyo inoshandawo zvikuru mukutora carbon mumamiriro ekunze anodziya.
Kune rumwe rutivi, miti yakaita sewillow uye poplar inozivikanwawo nokuda kwekukurumidza kwekukura uye kukwanisa kwavo kutora yakawanda kabhoni mumamiriro ekunze ane hunyoro. Zvakakosha kudyara mhando dzakakodzera zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze uye hunhu hwevhu redunhu rega rega kuti zviite zvakanaka.
Zvinokoshawo kufunga nezvekuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi emunzvimbo yacho, sezvo marudzi aya achichinjirwa zviri nani kuti aenderane nemhoteredzo yomunzvimbomo uye achiita basa rinokosha mukuchengeta mwero womusikirwo wemhoteredzo yezvipenyu.
Zviito zvekudzikisa kabhoni tsoka yedu
Kusimazve miti handiyo chete nzira yekugadzirisa dambudziko rekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Izvo zvakakoshawo kudzikisa edu ega CO2 emissions. Kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta ezvicherwa, kusarudza simba rinogona kudzokororwa, kuvandudza simba resimba redzimba uye kusimudzira kufambisa kwakasimba ndiwo matanho akakosha ayo, pamwe chete nekudyara masango, achatibatsira zvakanyanya kuderedza kabhoni yedu.
Uyezve, zviito zviduku, sekudyara muti, zvinogona kuita mutsauko. Nokuita kudaro, iwe hausi kungobatsira chete kubatwa kwe CO2, asi iwe uchabatsirawo kuvandudza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye hutano hwemhepo munzvimbo yako.
Kuchengetedza masango edu nekusimudzira kuvandudzwa kwemiti, pamwe chete nekuderedza kubudiswa kwemhepo uye kuchinja kwemaitiro edu, ndicho chinhu chikuru chekusangana nedambudziko rekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuve nechokwadi cheramangwana rakagadzikana.