Simba reMhepo: Mashandiro anoita mapaki uye kukosha kwawo mune ramangwana resimba

Kuongorora kukosha kwe simba remhepo muchikamu chesimba repasi rose, zvinodikanwa kuti unzwisise zvese zvinobatanidzwa mukusikwa kweiyo turbines emhepo, zvishongo zvetekinoroji zvinoumba mapurazi emhepo. Aya maturbine emhepo anomiririra kufambira mberi kwakakosha mukushanduka kwesimba.

Zvadaro, tichatsanangura kuti mapurazi emhepo anoshanda sei uye kukosha kukuru kwesimba rinogadzirwa kwavari muhupenyu hwedu. Tichagadzirisawo basa rayo rinokosha seimwe nzira yesimba kune ramangwana rakagadzikana.

Kushanda kwemhepo yepurazi

Kushanda kwepurazi remhepo kuri nyore, asi kunoshanda zvakanyanya. Paki inogadzirwa ne turbines emhepo, iyo ine nhevedzano ye Pallas mu rotor yayo. Aya mashizha, anosundwa nemhepo, anobereka Kinetic simba, iyo inoshandurwa kuva magetsi kuburikidza nejenareta.

Imwe yemabhenefiti makuru ematurbine emhepo kugona kwavo kudzivirira kubuda kwemagasi anosvibisa. Somuenzaniso, turbine 1 MW yakaiswa mumhepo purazi inogona kudzivirira kusvika 2.000 matani ecarbon dioxide (CO2) pagore, zvichienzaniswa nemagetsi anogadzirwa mumiti ye thermoelectric.

Hupenyu hwema turbines emhepo ndiyo yakakosha pakuongorora kushanda kwawo. A 2,5 MW turbine yemhepo Iine hupenyu hunobatsira hweanenge makore makumi maviri. Munguva iyi, inogona kubereka kusvika 3.000 MW pagore, zvakakwana kupa pakati 1.000 uye 3.000 dzimba, zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwesimba.

Mukati mekuisa mhepo, marudzi maviri makuru emagetsi emhepo anosiyaniswa. Kune rumwe rutivi, pane madiki turbines emhepo kusvika ku10 KW, inoshandiswa mumashandisirwo akadai semapombi emvura kana magetsi ekumaruwa nenzvimbo dziri kwadzo. Ukuwo, the maturbine makuru emhepo (kusvika ku5 MW), vane basa rekugadzira huwandu hukuru hwemagetsi kuti abaiwe mumatanho emagetsi emumaguta.

Anenge ese maturbine emhepo ari kushandiswa nhasi ane rotor ine mablades kana vanes inotenderera yakachinjika. Iyi shaft yakabatanidzwa kune mechanic transmission system uyezve kune a kuwedzera, iyo inozopedzisira yaita a Magetsi jenareta.

Kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwesimba, rotor blades Dzinokosha. Izvo zvakakura, iyo yakakura nzvimbo yekutsvaira yavanovhara, iyo inowedzera zvakanyanya kugadzirwa kwesimba. Kufambira mberi kwezvino muaerodynamics uye zvinhu zvakaitawo kuti zvikwanisike kuwedzera hukuru hwemashizha, nokudaro kuvandudza kushanda kwemagetsi emhepo.

Kukosha kwesimba remhepo

Pasinei nezvakawanda zvinobatsira zvesimba remhepo, vadzivisi varo vanowanzoratidza zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvakadai se kusvibiswa kunoonekwa, the ruzha inogadzirwa nematurbines, uye kusakwana kuri pachena yekugadzirwa kwayo kuvhara zvese zvinodikanwa zvesimba. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kufunga kuti simba remhepo i simba rakachena, mukushanduka-shanduka nguva dzose uye, pamusoro pezvose, zvinopindirana kune mamwe manyuko ekugadzira simba senge solar kana hydraulic.

Kana zviri zvekusagadzikana kwazvinogona kuita, izvi zvidiki zvakanyanya kana zvichienzaniswa nezvinoparadza zvemamwe marudzi esimba, senge. simba renyukireya kana the marasha. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zvekufunga nezvacho ndechekuti, sezvo riri simba rinogadzirwa nemhepo, hariburitse chero mhando yezvinosvibisa munzvimbo, izvo zvinoita kuti ive imwe yezvitubu. cleaner inowanikwa nhasi.

Kushandiswa kwesimba remhepo kunotiswededza pedyo nechinangwa cheshanduko yesimba kuenda kunzvimbo inogona kuvandudzwa, inogoneka uye isingasvibise. Kuderedza kutsamira paoiri pasi rese kwakakosha kurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, uye simba remhepo, nemabhenefiti aro, ndiyo imwe yenzira dzinogoneka kuita izvi.

Iyo yakakura mhepo purazi muSpain: El Andévalo

España yakagara iri chirevo mukushandiswa kwesimba remhepo. Kunyange zvazvo kuvakwa kwemapaki matsva kwakadzikira mumakore achangopfuura, nyika iri kuramba ichitambira purazi guru remhepo mukondinendi yeEurope, iri muEl Andévalo, mudunhu reHuelva.

Nesimba rakaiswa re 292 MW, El Andévalo yakakamurwa kuva mapurazi masere emhepo. Pamwe chete, mapaki aya anogadzira simba rakakwana kuti ripe zvakawanda kupfuura 140.000 dzimba uye kudzivirira kubuda kweanenge 510.000 matani eCO2 pagore. Nzvimbo iyi inoshandiswa ne Iberdrola Kugadziriswa, kubatanidza kambani semutungamiri musimba remhepo zvose muSpain neAndalusia, ine zvinopfuura 5.700 MW pamunyika.

Tekinoroji kufambira mberi uye kusimba

Kuvandudzwa kwesimba remhepo hakuregi. Iyo inogara ichivandudza tekinoroji mu turbines emhepo dzakavabvumira kuti dzive dzakanyanya kushanda, dzakasimba uye dzine mari. Nhasi tinowana maturbine ane simba rinopfuura 5 MW, iyo inowedzera zvakanyanya kubereka kwayo pasina chikonzero chekuwedzera saizi yepaki.

Ukuwo, mini mhepo yakaratidzawo kukura kunoshamisa. Iyi tekinoroji, inonyanya kuitirwa kupa nharaunda diki kana nzvimbo dziri dzoga, inobvumira simba rinogoneka kuti riunzwe kunzvimbo dzisina maturbine makuru. Yakasanganiswa ne solar energy, inova mushonga wehybrid unoshanda uye wakachena wekupa simba munzvimbo zhinji dzekumaruwa.

The innovations in kuchengetedza simba uye kugadzirwa kwematurbine akareruka uye anowedzera aerodynamic ndeimwe yebudiriro iri kufambisa kuwedzera kwesimba remhepo. Kuedza uku hakungowedzere kugona uye kugona kwemapurazi emhepo, asi zvakare kudzikisa kukanganisa kwavo kwezvakatipoteredza, vachisimbisa basa ravo rakakosha mukurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.

Simba remhepo richaramba richikosha musimba renyika remangwana. Izvo zvakanaka zvehupfumi uye zvezvakatipoteredza zvazvinopa, pamwe nebasa rayo mukugadzira mabasa nekuvandudza masimba emagetsi, zvinoita kuti ive tekinoroji yakakosha yekuzadzisa zvinangwa zvepasi rose.