Apo patinotaridzira kuenderera kana kuenderera Mu ecology, tinotsanangura kuti mabiology masisitimu "anozvitsigira" nekufamba kwenguva, achiramba akasiyana uye achigadzira. Izvi zvinoreva kuti tinotaura nezvazvo kuenzana pakati perudzi nezviwanikwa zvezvakatipoteredza. Ipfungwa inoshanda mune zvese zvakasikwa uye mukuita kwevanhu. Iye 1987 mushumo weBrundtland yakatsanangura kugarika sekushandiswa kwezviwanikwa nenzira yekuti mwero wazvo wekuvandudzwa kwechisikigo usakanganiswa.
Mhando dzeSustainability
Pfungwa yekusimudzira yakawedzera kupfuura nharaunda kuti isanganise magariro, zvematongerwo enyika uye zvehupfumi. Iyi ndiyo yakazara socioeconomic process iyo inogona kukamurwa kuva akati wandei marudzi:
Zvematongerwo enyika Sustainability
La kugadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika inogovera zvakare simba rezvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi, kutanga zvimiro zvegutsaruzhinji uye kukurudzira kuremekedzwa kwekodzero dzevanhu nenharaunda. Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nehurongwa hwemutemo hunovimbisa kururamisira uye simba remasangano. Matongerwo ezvematongerwo enyika anosimudzira hukama hunotsigira pakati penharaunda uye chinangwa chekuvandudza mararamiro ehupenyu munguva refu.
Economic Sustainability
La kuchengetedza hupfumi inotsvaka kuunza upfumi nenzira yakaenzana uye yakaenzanirana, kuitira kuti zvizvarwa zvazvino zvigokwanisa kugutsa zvavanoda pasina kupira zviwanikwa zvezvizvarwa zvinotevera. Upfumi hwakagadzikana ndehuya hunobva pakushandiswa zvakanaka kwezvinhu, kuremekedza zvose zvakatipoteredza uye zvido zvevanhu.
Iyi pfungwa inosanganisira kusimudzira makambani ane mutoro vanotsvaga kukwidziridza zviwanikwa zvavo, kuderedza marara uye kusimudzira kudyara mune yakachena tekinoroji. Kusagadzikana kwehupfumi kunewo chinangwa chekubvisa kusaenzana kwehupfumi pakati pematunhu nemapoka evanhu nenzira inobudirira uye yakagadzikana.
Kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza
La kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza Zvichida ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa, uye inoreva kungwarira uye kutungamirirwa kwakanaka kwezvinhu zvakasikwa kuitira kuti zvigone kuvandudzwa. Zvinosanganisira kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa kusvika pamwero unobvumira kuvandudzwa kwazvo kwechisikigo.
Kuti uwane kusimudzira uku, zvakakosha kutora maitiro anoderedza zvinokanganisa zvakatipoteredza, zvakadai sokutema masango, kuredza hove zvakanyanyisa, kana kuti kunyanyoshandisa mafuta efossil. Muenzaniso wakajeka ndewekusimudzirwa kwekushandiswa kwemasimba anovandudzwa, ayo haasi kungosvibisa zvishoma asiwo ane zviwanikwa zvisingagumi.
Kuyera Kuchengetedza Kwezvakatipoteredza
Kuti uzive kana kuedza kwekusimudzira kuri kushanda, unofanirwa kuve nazvo quantitative zviratidzo. Pane nzira dzakawanda dzekuyera:
Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI)
El Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) indekisi inoyera kugona kwenyika kuchengetedza nharaunda yayo munguva refu. Ichi chinongedzo chinotara akasiyana ma paramita ezvakatipoteredza, akadai semhando yemhepo, mhando yemvura kana marara, uye anoaenzanisa pakati pemarudzi akasiyana. Inobva pazvikamu zvishanu zvakakosha:
- Mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza masisitimu.
- Kuderedzwa kwezvinetso zvezvakatipoteredza.
- Kufambira mberi kwekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.
- Institutional kugona kutonga zvakatipoteredza.
- Kutonga kwenyika pazvinhu zvekusimudzira.
Iyi indekisi inopa maonero ekuti nyika iri kutonga sei zviwanikwa zvayo uye kukanganisa kwayo kwezvakatipoteredza.
Environmental Performance Index (EPI)
El Environmental Performance Index (EPI) inoronga nyika zvichienderana nezvadzo kuita kwezvakatipoteredza pazvinangwa zvikuru zviviri: simba rezvipenyu uye hutano hwezvakatipoteredza. Nekuda kweizvozvo, izvi zvinangwa zvakakamurwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana:
- Ecosystem vitality: zviwanikwa, zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, kunaka kwemhepo, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
- Utano hwezvakatipoteredza: kunaka kwemweya, hutsanana, kuwana mvura yakachena.
EPI inoshandiswa kuongorora mitemo yenyika uye kubudirira kwayo maererano nekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.
Triple Result
El Triple Result o Triple Pazasi Line inzira yebhizimisi inoongorora kushanda pasi pezvikamu zvitatu zvakakosha: zvemagariro, zvehupfumi uye zvakatipoteredza. Iyi nzira inotsvaga kuti makambani awedzere kwete chete purofiti yavo, asiwo maitiro avo akanaka munharaunda nenharaunda. Makambani anotora modhi iyi anowanzo sanganisira kuita kwavo munzvimbo nhatu idzi mumashumo avo emakambani ezvekuita zvemagariro.
Environmental Sustainability Zvinangwa
Imwe yematambudziko makuru ekusimudzira ndeyekuchinja pasi rose simba paradigm. Kunyanya kushandiswa kwemafuta efossil ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zvekushatisa kwezvakatipoteredza, ndosaka zvakakosha. bheja pasimba rinowedzerwazve.
Gadzira imwe ruzivo rwepasi rose pamusoro pekuchengetedza chimwe chinangwa chikuru. Vanhu vanofanirwa kuziva kuti zvisarudzo zvavo zvezuva nezuva, sekushandisa simba uye kushandiswa kwechigadzirwa, zvine chekuita nenharaunda. Mienzaniso yakadai sepurojekiti Barcelona Smart Guta ratidza kuti maguta anogona sei kutungamira shanduko kuenda kune imwe budiriro inogoneka.
Sustainability Pamba
Dzimba dzinogona kuva mienzaniso mikuru yekugarisa. Batanidza maitiro akadai sekushandiswa kwe solar energy, kupisa kwekushisa uye kutaridzika kwakakodzera kweimba, kunobatsira kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba. Aya matanho haabatsiri chete zvakatipoteredza, asiwo kuderedza mari simba kune varidzi.
Hunhu hweSustainable Cities
Maguta anogarika ndeaya anokwanisa kubatanidza budiriro yemaguta, kuchengetedzwa kwezviwanikwa uye kuvandudzwa kwehupenyu. Mamwe emhando huru dzemaguta aya ndeaya:
- Maitiro ekufambisa anobudirira: Vanobatanidza zvifambiso zveveruzhinji uye vanokurudzira kushandiswa kwezvifambiso zvakatsiga zvakaita semabhasikoro nevanofamba netsoka.
- Kutarisira zviwanikwa kwakafanira: Kuunganidza, kurapwa uye kudzokororwa kwemarara kuti udzore kukosha, pamwe nekutonga kwakanaka kwemvura.
- Nzira dzekushandisa simba: Kushandiswa kwesimba rinogona kudzokororwa uye matekinoroji epamusoro ekuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba.
- Kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza: Dziviriro yezvakatenderedza ecosystems uye kuremekedza ecosystem yemadhorobha.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha ndeye vagari vemo, uko vagari vemo vanoita basa rekuita zvisarudzo zvine chekuita nemhoteredzo yemaguta.
Bhizinesi Sustainability Measurement
Pfungwa yekusimudzira inoenda kumakambani, ayo anofanirwa kuyerawo maitiro avo pane zvakatipoteredza uye nzanga. The zviratidzo zvegirini Izvo zvinosanganisira ma parameter akadai sekushandiswa kwemvura, kabhoni tsoka kana kugadzirwa kwemarara. Izvi zvakakamurwa kuita zvakatipoteredza, zvemagariro uye zvehupfumi metrics.
Kuitwa kwechirongwa chebhizinesi chakasimba kunosanganisirawo kutambirwa kwezviyero zvepasi rose seSustainable Development Goals (SDGs) zvinotsvaga kuvandudza kukwikwidza uku ichideredza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Pakupera kwechinyorwa chino, zviri pachena kuti kusimba hakusi kungori fashoni kana maitiro, asi kudiwa kwekukurumidzira kuvimbisa remangwana rehupfumi, kwezvakatipoteredza uye nzanga. Kunyangwe padanho remunhu, bhizinesi kana hurumende, tese tine basa rekuita mukubudirira kwechokwadi.