Nharo pamusoro pe hupenyu hwebhatiri chaihwo hwemotokari dzemagetsi Kwemakore, hupenyu hwebhatiri hwave huri chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvikuru pakukwira kusvika pakusaburitsa mweya. Kutya kuti bhatiri raizodzikira nekukurumidza, richirasikirwa nenzvimbo yaro uye kukosha kwaro, kwakakanganisa zvikuru sarudzo dzekutenga dzevanhu nemakambani.
Zvisinei, data razvino rakaunganidzwa muEurope kubva mukuongorora kwe mabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi anopfuura 24.000 Vanopa mufananidzo wakasiyana zvikuru nezvaifungidzirwa kare. Ongororo dzakaitwa nekutarisa mapuratifomu nezvivakwa zvekuongorora kufamba, zvakaita seGeotab neArval Mobility Observatory, dzinoratidza kuti mabhatiri emazuva ano ari kuratidza kusimba kukuru kupfuura fungidziro yeboka rese inonzi yakaitwa nawo.
Zvinotaurwa nedata kubva kumabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi zviuru makumi maviri nemana
Ruzivo rwekutanga rukuru runobva mumashoko akakwana kutarisa mabhatiri zviuru makumi maviri nezvina (24.000) chaiko yemotokari dzemagetsi, zhinji dzacho dzichifamba mumigwagwa yekuEurope. Ongororo iyi inotarisa pakushanda kwadzo mumakore apfuura uye mumamiriro akasiyana ekushandiswa, kubva kumotokari dzakawanda kusvika kune vatyairi vega.
Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti, mushure menguva inenge makore matanhatu ekushandisa kana makiromita angangoita 160.000 akafambwaMabhatiri mazhinji anochengetedza simba rawo rekushandisa rinodarika 90%. Nemamwe mashoko, kunyange zvazvo paine kurasikirwa kwesimba rekushandisa, haatyiwi zvakanyanya uye haakanganisi kushandiswa kwakajairika kwemotokari zuva nezuva.
Pagore negore, avhareji yekudzikira kwehuwandu hwezvinhu iri pedyo 1,8% pagore rekushandisaKubva pamaonero emakiromita, avhareji yekusashanda zvakanaka kwemotokari inenge iri pedyo ne1% pamakiromita ese 25.000 anofamba, zvichienderana neongororo iyi yakavakirwa pazvitupa zvemamiriro ebhatiri zvakaunganidzwa munyika gumi nerimwe dzemuEurope pakati pa2023 na2025.
Zvichishandurwa kuita mazwi anoshanda, nhamba idzi dzinoreva kuti mota yemagetsi yemazuva ano inogona zviri nyore kudarika makore gumi nemaviri kana gumi nemashanu ehupenyu hunoshanda Bhetiri rayo risati raderera kusvika padanho rehuwandu hwemagetsi hunoonekwa sehunogumira kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva, kunyanya munzvimbo dzemaguta kana dziri pedyo nemaguta.
Kukwanisa kwayo kunopfuura 90% mushure memakore ekushandiswa zvakanyanya
Imwe yemashoko makuru kubva kuX-ray iyi huru ndeyekuti Mabhatiri haakurumidzi kuora sezvaifungidzirwa kare.Kutaura zvazviri, mota zhinji dzakaongororwa dzinoramba dzichiratidza kugona kwakanyanya kunyangwe mushure mekuunganidza daro iro, mumotokari ine injini yemoto, rinobatanidzwa nekuguma kwehupenyu.
Zvinoenderana nedata, zvakatenderedza makiromita 70.000 akafamba Paavhareji, mabhatiri anochengetedza 93% yesimba rawo rekutanga. Uye chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, mushure memakiromita 160.000 kana makore matanhatu ari mumugwagwa, mazhinji acho achiri kuchengetedza anopfuura 90%.
Maitiro aya anotsigira pfungwa yekuti, muchizvarwa chemazuva ano chemotokari dzemagetsi, Bhatiri rakagadzirirwa kugara kwenguva yakareba yehupenyu hwese hwemota.Zvichienderana nekuti chikamu ichi chinogona kumirira pakati pe20% ne40% yemutengo wese wemotokari, data iri rakakosha zvikuru kune avo vanoongorora zvakanyanya kuderedzwa kwemari kwenguva refu.
Uyezve, hutano hwakanaka hwebhatiri hunobatsira zvakananga mukuvandudza mashandiro. maonero emusika wekareKusvika pari zvino, chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvikuru pamusika wemotokari dzemagetsi dzakamboshandiswa kwaive kusava nechokwadi nezvemhando chaiyo uye mutengo weramangwana wekuti mabhatiri atsiviwe.
Nehumbowo uhwu hwekuongorora hunowanikwa muruoko, mota yemagetsi ine makiromita 160.000 Inorega kuonekwa sechinhu chinogadzirwa pakupera kwekufamba kwayo uye inova sarudzo yakanaka yekutenga, kunyanya kana ichienzaniswa nemota ine injini yemoto ine daro rakafanana, iyo ine kusakara kwakanyanya uye zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kuputsika.
Kutarisira kupisa uye tekinoroji: kiyi dzekuderedza kuora
Zvidzidzo zvakaitwa hazvingotsananguri kurasikirwa kwesimba remagetsi chete, asi zvinoongorora zvinhu zvinotsanangura kuti sei mamwe mabhatiri achiderera zvishoma pane mamwe. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti manejimendi yekupisa kwehurongwa hwebhatiri.
Mota dzakashongedzerwa ne mvura firiji Dzinoratidza mwero wekudzikira kwesimba radzo zvichienzaniswa nedzekare kana kuti dziri nyore dzinongovimba nekutonhodza kwemhepo chete. Tsananguro yacho iri mumakemikari emasero e lithium-ion pachawo: kupisa kwakanyanya ndeimwe yevavengi vadzo vakuru uye kunokurumidza kuita zvinokanganisa chimiro chemukati mebhatiri.
Indasitiri yemotokari yakadzidza kubva pane zvakaitika pakutanga kwemotokari dzemagetsi uye yave kuenda ku kurongeka kwemasisitimu ekupisa anoshanda izvo zvinochengetedza bhatiri mukati metembiricha yepamusoro. Kuvandudzwa uku kweinjiniya kunoratidzwa zvakajeka muhuwandu hwekuchengetedza kugona hwakaonekwa mumamodeli azvino.
Pamwe chete nekutarisira tembiricha, magetsi emagetsi uye masisitimu ekudzora akavandudza zvikuru mashandisirwo emagetsi. Mota dzemazuva ano dzinokwanisa dzora voltage uye peaks dzemagetsi panguva yekuchaja nekuburitsa, zvichideredza kushushikana kunoitwa nemasero.
Zvese izvi zvinobatsira pakuti kuora kwemotokari hakuchaonekwi sezviri kuitika makore mashoma apfuura, zvichiita kuti bhatiri rive rakavimbika kupfuura mamwe mativi emotokari.
Maitiro ekuchaja: Machaja ekukurumidza anokuvadza zvakanyanya here?
Imwe pfungwa yakapararira pakati pevashandisi ine chekuita nemhedzisiro ye kuchaja nekukurumidza pahupenyu hwebhatiriPfungwa yekuti kugara uchiisa mota mumachaja ane simba guru kunoparadza bhatiri mumakore mashoma yave ichiparadzirwa zvakanyanya, asi data rakaunganidzwa rinonyatsoenderana nemaonero aya.
Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti kushandiswa kwe Kuchaja nekukurumidza kunogona kukurumidza kukuvadza zvishoma. Panyaya yekuchaja zvishoma nezvishoma kana kuti zvishoma nezvishoma, mukuita izvi hazvina kunyanya kushamisa sezvaimbofungidzirwa. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti masisitimu ekugadzirisa mabhatiri anodzora sei tembiricha uye anogadzirisa sei simba zvichienderana nemamiriro ekuchaja.
Mota dzemagetsi dzemazuva ano dzine magetsi anokwanisa gadzirisa kusimba kwemutoro Izvi zvinodzivirira kupisa zvakanyanya uye zvinoderedza kushushikana pamasero kana bhatiri rakazara zvakanyanya kana kuti risina chinhu. Nenzira iyi, kushandiswa kakawanda kwemachaja anokurumidza kunoramba kuri mukati memiganhu yekusakara inonzwisisika.
Kuti zvishandiswe muSpain kana kune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope, sanganisai mutoro wenguva dzose kumba kana kubasa Zvichibva padata iri, kuchaja dzimwe nguva panzvimbo dzekuchaja nekukurumidza parwendo rurefu hakufanirwe kukonzera dambudziko guru pahutano hwebhatiri munguva yepakati nerefu.
Chero zvazvingava, nyanzvi dzinoramba dzichikurudzira dzimwe nzira dziri nyore, dzakadai sekudzivirira kuchengetedza bhatiri riri pa100% kana 0% kwenguva yakareba, uye kuisa pamberi kushaja zvishoma nezvishoma pese pazvinogoneka, kuti kuwedzera hupenyu hwesystem.
Chii chinoitika kana bhatiri radonha pasi pe80%: hupenyu hwechipiri
Kukurukurirana pamusoro pe "hupenyu hunobatsira" hwebhatiri kunowanzo tarisa panguva iyo bhatiri rayo kugona kunowira pasi pe70% kana 80% zvichienzaniswa nepakutanga. Kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi, kuzvitonga kungasava nyore kune mamwe maitiro ekushandisa, kunyanya kana nzendo refu dzichiitwa kakawanda.
Asi kusvika padanho iroro hazvirevi kuti bhatiri harichashandi. Asi, rinoramba rakakwana zvakakwana kuti rishande. mashandisirwo ekuchengetedza simba asingachinjiIzvi zvinozivikanwa sehupenyu hwechipiri. Muzviitiko izvi, zvinodiwa zvesimba nekuwanda kwesimba zvakasiyana nezvinodiwa muindasitiri yemotokari.
MuEurope, huwandu huri kuramba huchiwedzera hwemapurojekiti esimba rinogona kushandiswazve, ma microgrid, uye masisitimu ekushandisa ega ega emumba ari kudzidza nezve kushandiswa kwemabhatiri anobva mumotokari dzemagetsi avo vapedza danho ravo rekutanga mumugwagwa. Izvi zvinobvumira kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwechiwanikwa ichi uye zvinoderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kunokonzerwa nekutenderera kwebhatiri rese.
Uyezve, mukana wekupa mabhatiri hupenyu hwechipiri kana mota isingachaadi zvizere unobatsira kuvandudza kuenzana kwehupfumi yetekinoroji. Vagadziri nemakambani emagetsi vari kutsvaga mamodheru ebhizinesi umo mabhatiri, mushure mekushandiswa kwawo mumotokari, anosanganiswa muhurongwa hwekuchengetera zvinhu zvemagetsi kana zvekuvaka.
Maitiro aya ese anobatsira mukuvhara denderedzwa rekufamba kwemagetsi, zvichiwedzera kushanda kwechikamu icho, nekuda kwemutengo nezvinhu, chinofanira kushandiswa zvizere.
Vimbiso dzemugadziri uye kuvimba kwevatengi muEurope
Mhedzisiro yakawanikwa kubva mukuongororwa kwemabhatiri zviuru makumi maviri nemana haisi yedzidzo chete; iriwo kukanganisa nzira iyo Vagadziri vanoisa vimbiso dzavo pahukuru uye kuti vashandisi vanoona sei njodzi ine chekuita nekutenga mota yemagetsi.
Parizvino, mhando dzakawanda dzinoshanda muSpain nedzimwe nyika dzemuEurope dzinopa garandi yemakore masere kana makiromita zviuru zana nemakumi matanhatu pabhatiri rine simba guru, kazhinji zvichiita kuti mota irambe iine huwandu hwakati wandei hwesimba (inenge 70%) munguva iyoyo.
Chokwadi chekuti data chairo rinoratidza kuchengetedza kugona pamusoro pe90% Mushure memakiromita iwayo, zvinoratidza kuti vagadziri vari kushanda nepamuganho wakakura wekuchengetedza. Nemamwe mashoko, vimbiso haikwani pane zvinokwanisa kuitwa nemabhatiri mazhinji.
Musiyano uyu wakanaka unotsigira nharo yekuti tekinoroji yasvika padanho rekukura zvakakwana zvekuti, kazhinji, Bhatiri harifanirwe kunge riri chitsitsinho charo cheAchilles Asi, inogona kuva chinhu chakasimba kana ichienzaniswa neinjini dzinopisa, dzinoda kugadziriswa zvakanyanya uye dzine zvikamu zvakawanda zvinogona kupfekwa.
Sezvo ruzivo urwu rwuchinyanya kuzivikanwa mumusika weEurope, kusada kwepfungwa kwevatengi vazhinji Zvinotanga kupera simba. Kune vanhu nemakambani ane maonero enguva refu, kuva nenhamba dzakazara dzakadaro kwakakosha pakusarudza kana vodyara mari mumakambani ane magetsi kana kutsiva mota dzavo nemodhi isina kuburitsa utsi.
Mutemo weEurope: zvitupa uye "pasipoti yedhijitari" yebhatiri
Sezvo tekinoroji ichivandudzika, hurongwa hwemitemo yeEurope huri kutora matanho ekubatsira kujeka kukuru uye kurongeka kwekutevera Nezvekushandiswa kwemabhatiri. Kubva muna 2027, mitemo yeEuropean Union inoda kuti mota dzese dzemagetsi dziratidze zvakajeka mamiriro ehutano hwebhatiri radzo pamotokari pachayo.
Chiratidzo ichi, chinozivikanwa se SOCE (Nyika yeSimba Rakatenderwa)Izvi zvichaita kuti mutyairi azive nemazvo kuti mota inogona kukwira zvakadii kana tichienzanisa neyaimbove yakajairwa. Izvi zvinoderedza kuvimba nefungidziro dzakaoma uye zvinopa chiyero chakanaka pakukoshesa mota, ingave itsva kana yakashandiswa.
Pamusoro pezvo, bhatiri rega rega richava ne pasipoti yedhijitari iyo ichanyora nhoroondo yayo: maitiro ekushandiswa, machaji anotenderera, kuora kwehuwandu, uye zvitupa zvepamutemo. Rekodhi iyi ichaita kuti chikamu ichi chive nyore kuteverwa muhupenyu hwayo hwese, kusanganisira hupenyu hwechipiri hunogona kuitika mumasisitimu asingachinji.
Kumusika wemotokari dzakashandiswa, mutemo uyu unogona kuva chinhu chinochinja. zvitupa zvakajairwa uye data rinosimbiswa Ruzivo nezvehutano hwebhatiri ruchabatsira kuderedza kusava nechokwadi uye kuisa mitengo zvinoenderana nechokwadi chechigadzirwa, zvichidzivirira kudzikiswa kwemutengo kusina chikonzero uye kutarisira kusina hwaro.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo magetsi ari kufambira mberi nematanho akasiyana zvichienderana nenyika yeEurope, zviyero zverudzi urwu zvinogona kushanda senzira yeku mhanyisa kugamuchirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsinekupa vimbiso dzakawanda kune vatengi, makambani ekurenda uye vanoshanda nezvikepe.
Mhedzisiro muSpain nedzimwe nyika dzeEurope
Mumisika yakaita seSpain, uko kuchine kungwarira kana zvasvika pakudyara mari mumotokari dzemagetsi chete, humbowo hunobva Zviuru zvemabhatiri zvinotariswa muEurope Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha. Mashandisirwo emagetsi, mamiriro ekunze ari pakati nepakati, uye kufamba-famba munzvimbo zhinji zvinobatsira kuti mabhatiri arambe achishanda zvakafanana nezvakaonekwa muongororo.
Kune makambani ane zvikepe zvakapararira munyika dzakasiyana dzeEurope, ruzivo urwu runobatsira pakuita sarudzo maererano kuvandudzwa kwemotokari, zvibvumirano zvekurenda uye kukosha kwasaraKuziva kuti bhatiri rinotsungirira kushandiswa kwakanyanya uye rinochengetedza kugona kwaro kweanopfuura 90% mushure memakore ekushanda kunobvumira kuronga pasina njodzi shoma yemari.
Uyezve, kuvimba kuri nani mukugara kwenguva refu kwebhatiri kunogona kuwedzera musika wemotokari dzemagetsi dzakashandiswa MuSpain, iyo kusvika pari zvino yave kusaririra kune dzimwe nyika dzekuchamhembe kweEurope, kukwezva kwemotokari idzi dzakashandiswa kunowedzera kana kusava nechokwadi nezvehutano hwemabhatiri kwagadziriswa neruzivo rwakajeka.
Padanho remasangano, zvakawanikwa pakugara kwenguva refu kwemabhatiri zvinotsigira Mitemo yeEurope yekubvisa kabhoni mukutakuraVanobvisa imwe yenharo huru dzinoratidza kusahadzika: kuti mota dzemagetsi dzichapera basa nekukurumidza. Nehupenyu hurefu uye sarudzo dzakajeka dzehupenyu hwechipiri, kuenzana kwezvakatipoteredza nehupfumi hwemagetsi kunovandudzika zvakanyanya.
Zvese izvi zvinoita kuti mota yemagetsi isaonekwe senzira ine njodzi, asi senzira inoshanda. imwe nzira yakakura yekufamba-famba kwezuva nezuva muSpain nedzimwe nyika dzeEuropean Union, kune vanhu vega vega uye kumakambani nehutungamiriri hwehurumende.
Mufananidzo wakaratidzwa neongororo idzi pamabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi anosvika zviuru makumi maviri nemana unojekesa kuti kuora kwemotokari hakusiri chinhu chinofungidzirwa nevakawanda: kusanganiswa kwemainjiniya ari nani, manejimendi yekupisa nekungwarira, maitiro ekuchaja zvine musoro, uye mitemo mitsva yekujekesa yeEurope iri kuisa hwaro hwemamiriro ezvinhu apo bhatiri rinowanzogara kwenguva yakareba kupfuura mota pachayo, zvichivhura mukana wemusika wakasimba uye unofungidzirwa wemotokari dzemagetsi itsva nedzakamboshandiswa.
