Geothermal energy isimba rinogonekazve rinoshandisa kupisa kubva mukati mePasi kugadzira magetsi, zvivakwa zvemhepo inotonhorera uye kuwana mvura inopisa nenzira yezvisikwa. Kazhinji zvisinganyanyi kuzivikanwa zvichienzaniswa nemamwe masimba anogona kudzokororwa Kunge solar kana mhepo, geothermal simba rine akawanda maapplication uye inopa inooneka simba rekuita.
Simba iri Inowanikwa uye inogadziriswa mune chaiyo zvivako zvinonzi geothermal power plant. Asi chii chaizvo chinonzi geothermal power plant uye chinoshanda sei?
Geothermal simba chirimwa
Geothermal power plant inzvimbo yekugadzira magetsi inofambiswa nekupisa kwepasi. Izvi zvivako zvinotarisirwa kubvisa kupisa kubva pasi pevhu zvakakosha kushandura simba rinopisa kuva magetsi pasina zvichienderana nekunze kwezvinhu, zvakadai semamiriro ekunze, kusiyana nezvimwe zvinogadziriswa.
Nezvekukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza, carbon dioxide emissions kubva kune geothermal power plant Iwo akanyanya kuderera pane ayo anogadzirwa nemafuta emafuta zvidyarwa. Paavhareji, vanongoburitsa 45 g yeCO2 yega yega kWh inogadzirwa, isingasviki 5% yekubuda kwezvirimwa zvechinyakare.
Zvakadaro, simba remugero wepasi rinogumira parinokwanisa kusungirirwa zvine mutsindo, nekuda kwechido chekuboora mugomba rePasi munzvimbo dzine chekuita negeothermal yakakwira. United States, Philippines neIndonesia ndevamwe vevagadziri vakuru vesimba iri nekuda kwenzvimbo yavo yakanaka.
Pasinei nezvainazvo, zvinofungidzirwa kuti chete 6,5% yepasi rose geometric capacity iri kushandiswa, maererano neGeothermal Energy Association.
Geothermal simba zviwanikwa
Kupisa kubva pakati pePasi kunofambiswa kuburikidza nepasi pePasi, iro rinoshanda sechidziviriro. Kuti ushandise kupisa ikoko, zvinodikanwa kudhiririra pasi, izvo zvinoda zvivakwa zvakaita semapaipi nematsime emvura.
Muzhinji, Kuwanda kwegeothermal simba rinowanikwa rinowedzera nekudzika kwekuchera uye padyo nemicheto ye tectonic plates, uko tembiricha yakanyanya.
Ko geothermal power plant inoshanda sei?
Iyo nzira yekugadzira magetsi mugeothermal power plant yakavakirwa pakushanda mumatanho maviri akakosha: iyo geothermal munda uye inoshandura chirimwa.
Geothermal munda
Iyo geothermal munda inzvimbo iyo geothermal gradient iri pamusoro. Kazhinji, inopindirana neaquifer yakavharwa nemvura inopisa, yakachengetwa pasi pezvikamu zvisingapindiki zvinochengetedza kupisa. Iyi geothermal reservoir ndiyo inobva kupisa kuchashandiswa kugadzira magetsi.
Matsime ari mumunda uyu anobvisa musanganiswa wemvura uye chiutsi chinopinzwa kuchigadzirwa, uchishandisa chiutsi kutyaira maturbine uye kutyaira magetsi ekugadzira hurongwa.
Maitiro ekuzvarwa
Nzira yechizvarwa inotanga nekutorwa kwemvura inopisa nemvura inopisa kubva mugeothermal reservoir uye kuendeswa kwayo kuchirimwa. Kana yavepo, mhute inopatsanurwa kubva mumvura ne cyclone separator. Chipfunga ichi ndicho chinoita kuti maturbine atenderere nekumhanya kukuru (3.600 revolutions paminiti), achigadzira magetsi.
Mvura yakawandisa inodzoserwa mudura, maitiro anovimbisa kusimba kwehurongwa. Kana rejection iyi isina kuitwa, sosi yacho yaizopera, uye simba harigone kunzi rinogona kuitwazve.
Mhando dze geothermal magetsi zvinomera
Kune marudzi matatu makuru ezvirimwa zvegeothermal:
Dry steam steam
Mhando iyi yechirimwa ndiyo yakapfava. Inoshanda nekuburitsa chipfunga chakananga kubva pasi pevhu patembiricha iri pamusoro pe150 °C. Chitsinga ichi chinotyaira maturbine anogadzira magetsi.
Flash Steam Zvirimwa
Mumagetsi emhepo inopisa, mvura inopisa inopisa inokwira kubva mumatsime, uye kana yakaunzwa mumadziva emvura yakadzika, chikamu chemvura chinoputika, chichityaira ma turbines.
Binary Cycle Centrals
Binary cycle power plants ndiyo inonyanya kushanda uye yemazuva ano. Vanoshandisa zvinwiwa zvine nzvimbo yakaderera kufashaira kuendesa kupisa kubva mumvura, uye nekudaro kuburitsa chiutsi pakufamba kwematurbine, zvichibvumira kushanda kwavo nemvura patembiricha yakaderera se57 °C.
Kushanda uye kuderera kwezvakatipoteredza zvinomera zvebhinari kutenderera zvidyarwa zvinovaita zvakanyanya ecological, sezvo vasingabudisi chiutsi kana mamwe magasi kunze.
Iko kushanduka kwe tekinoroji yegeothermal yakabvumira kushandiswa kuri nani kwezviwanikwa zvepasi pevhu, kuvandudza kusimba kwehurongwa uye kuderedza kuburitswa kwakabatana nekugadzirwa kwesimba. Sezvo nyika zhinji dzinodyara mari muhunyanzvi uhu, simba regeothermal rinotarisirwa kuita basa rakatonyanya kukosha mushanduko yekuchenesa, kudzokororwazve magetsi.