Muzvinyorwa zvakapfuura tataura nezvazvo kudziyisa geothermal. Mariri, tinotaura kuti chimwe chezvikamu zvakakosha kushandisa rudzi urwu rwekupisa ndiyo geothermal kupisa pombi, iyo inoshanda yakafanana neyepombi inopisa inopisa. Zvisinei, musiyano mukuru ndewekuti inoshandisa simba rekupisa rinotorwa kubva pasi kuti rishande.
Ungade here kuziva zvakadzama kuti geothermal heat pombi inoshanda sei uye kuti ndeapi maitiro ayo? Ruzivo urwu ruchabatsira zvakanyanya kana uri kufunga kuisa rudzi urwu rwehurongwa mumba mako.
Geothermal kupisa pombi
Kuti unzwisise zvakadzama kuti geothermal heat pombi chii, zvakakosha kuti utange warangarira kuti geothermal heat chii. Iyi tekinoroji inoshandisa kupisa kunobva pasi pevhu, kungave kubva pamatombo kana pasi pemvura, kupisa chivakwa. Kupisa kunotakurwa nemvura inopisa inotenderera kuburikidza nehurongwa hwemapombi akanyatsoiswa pasi pevhu.
Iyo geothermal kupisa pombi chinhu chakakosha mukati meiyi system. Muchokwadi, kushandiswa kwayo kwakawedzera kusvika padanho rekuti Musika wepombi yekupisa wakakura ne20% pagore mumakore achangopfuura. Kana iwe wakamboona kupisa kunoburitswa nemachubhu ekumashure efiriji, iwe unotova neruzivo rwakakwana rwekuti unoshanda sei: firiji inodzinga kupisa kubva mukati kuenda kunze. Iyo geothermal inopisa pombi inoita chimwe chinhu chakafanana, asi mune yakapesana; Ndiko kuti, zvinotora kupisa kubva kunze (pasi pevhu) uye kuchiendesa kune mukati memba.
Geothermal kupisa pombi kushanda
Nheyo yekushanda kwepombi yekupisa yegeothermal yakafanana neyemhando ipi neipi yefiriji, sefiriji kana air conditioner. Chinokosha muzvirongwa zvose zviri zviviri kushandiswa kwemvura yefiriji inotenderera kuburikidza nehurongwa hwemachubhu. Mvura iyi ine midziyo yekudziisa kana yakatsikirirwa uye kutonhora pasi kana ichiwedzera.
Munguva yechando, mvura yemufiriji, yakatsikirirwa uye ichidziiswa, inotenderera nemuchina wekupisa unoendesa simba iroro kumudziyo wemba. Mvura yacho inobva yatonhodza uye yowedzera, muitiro waunosangana nawo zvakare geothermal source (the heat from the subsoil) kuti ikwirezve nesimba rekupisa. Kutenderera uku kunodzokororwa nguva nenguva kuchengetedza imba iri patembiricha yakanaka.
Kunyangwe pombi yekupisa inoshandisa magetsi kufambisa mvura kuburikidza nehurongwa, kushanda kwayo kwakakwira zvinoshamisa. Mazuva ano geothermal kupisa pombi masisitimu anogona kugadzira kusvika ku4 kW yekupisa kune yega kW yemagetsi anopedzwa. Izvi zvinogoneka zvinogoneka nekuti hazvidikanwe kugadzira kupisa, asi kungozvibvisa kubva pasi, uko tembiricha dzinogara dzakagadzikana kupfuura pamusoro.
Mukuwedzera, kune mapombi anogadziriswa, anogonawo kutonhorera imba munguva yezhizha. Mapombi aya anoshanda nereverse, achidzinga kupisa mukati memba kusvika pasi pevhu. Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nevhavha inodzora gwara rekuyerera kwekupisa.
Nzira dzekubvisa geothermal simba
Pane nzira dzakasiyana dzekutora mukana wegeothermal simba nemapombi ekupisa. Vashandisi vanowanzo jaira kushandisa mhepo yekunze yekudziya, asi kana iri geothermal pombi, simba rinobva kupisa kunochengetwa pasi pevhu. Rudzi urwu rwesimba runofungidzirwa dzokororo y zvisingaperi, iyo inopa kupisa kwegore rose nenzira inobudirira uye yakagadzikana.
Iyi mhando yehurongwa ine mukana wakajeka pane dzimwe nzira dzekudziya dzinoenderana nekunze kwekunze, senge aerothermal simba. Nepo pombi yekupisa yakajairika inodzikisira kushanda kwayo kana tembiricha yekunze ichitonhora zvakanyanya, pombi yegeothermal haimborasikirwe nekushanda, sezvo pasi pevhu rinochengetedza tembiricha yakagadzikana, zvisinei nemamiriro ekunze ari pamusoro.
Mhando dzemapombi ekupisa kwegeothermal: vertical and horizontal
Kune marudzi maviri makuru emapombi ekupisa kwegeothermal, ayo akasiyana nenzira iyo machubhu anobvisa kupisa kubva pasi anoiswa:
- Vertical geothermal heat pumps: Ndiwo anonyanya kufarirwa uye anoiswa pakadzika pakati pe150 ne200 tsoka pasi pevhu. Muchigadziro ichi, machubhu anopinzwa mukati ma vertical perforations muvhu, kuburikidza neapo antifreeze fluid inotenderera inokwidza kupisa kumvura inotonhorera ye system.
- Horizontal geothermal heat pumps: Muchiitiko ichi, machubhu anoiswa pedyo nechepamusoro, anenge mamita matanhatu akadzika, akagoverwa nehorizontal. Mhando iyi yekuisa inoda imwe nzvimbo, ichiita kuti ive yakanaka kune yakakura minda. Kunyange zvazvo isingadhure pane pombi yakatwasuka, inogona zvakare kusashanda zvakanyanya maererano nekupisa kupisa.
Mune ese ari maviri masisitimu, maprobe ekuchinjana anogona kuiswa munzvimbo iri padyo nemitumbi yemvura, senge nzizi, madziva kana madhamu, pasina izvi kukanganisa kushanda kwehurongwa.
Geothermal kubatwa mumvura
Musiyano unonakidza we geothermal masisitimu ndeye geothermal mvura yekuunganidza, uko mapaipi anounzwa akananga mumuviri wemvura, semadziva kana nzizi. Iyi sisitimu yakapfava uye yakachipa maererano nekuisa uye inopa hunyanzvi hukuru chero bedzi chiwanikwa chemvura chiripo.
Mari yekutanga uye kudzoka kwehupfumi
Chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvikuru zvinotarisana nevaya vanofunga kuisa geothermal heat pump ndiyo mutengo wayo wekutanga. Geothermal system inoda mari yakakosha pakutanga, sezvo zvichidikanwa kuita zvidzidzo zvekare zvenzvimbo, kuchera uye kuwana hunyanzvi hwekushandisa.
Mumhuri yemhuri, semuenzaniso, kuiswa kwegeothermal system kunogona kudhura pakati 6.000 na13.000 ma euro. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuratidza kuti, kunyange zvazvo mari yekutanga yakakwira, geothermal heat pump systems inobvumira kuchengetedza kwakakosha munguva refu. Inofungidzirwa kuti vashandisi vanogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba mukupisa pakati pe30% ne70%, uye kana kutonhora, pakati pe20% ne50%. Zvichienderana nekushandiswa, izvi zvakachengetwa zvinobvumira mari yekutanga kuti idzorerwe munguva inosiyana pakati pe5 ne10 makore.
Kushandiswa kwetekinoroji iyi haingobatsiri muridzi wehurongwa, asiwo zvakatipoteredza, sezvo kudyiwa kwesimba risingadzokerike masosi kwakaderedzwa zvakanyanya, uye pamwe neiyo greenhouse gasi kubuda.
Geothermal kupisa pombi isarudzo yakanaka kune avo vari kutsvaga kuderedza yavo yenguva refu yezvakatipoteredza kukanganisa uku vachiona inoshanda uye ine mari yekudziya uye kutonhora system.