Panhandare yendege yeLleida-Alguaire, zuva mufomati demo zuva akaisa pfungwa pane synthetic biofuels for aviation (eSAF) senzira yekudzikisa kuburitsa mukutakura kwendege. Chiitiko ichi, chakasimudzirwa neiyo H2CAT network uye nekutora chikamu kweEurecat, yakaratidza matekinoroji ekushandura. CO2 yakatorwa uye renewable hydrogen muparafini inoenderana nezvikepe zvazvino.
Kupfuura tekinoroji showcase, chiitiko chakauya panguva chaiyo: Mitemo yeEurope yatove kusimba neakajeka musanganiswa zvinangwa uye nguva dzekupedzisira. Munzvimbo iyi, eSAF iri kuwedzera nokuda kwayo decarbonization kugona uye nokuda batanidza muzvivakwa zviripo, kunyangwe ichiri kudhonza mutengo uye scaling matambudziko.
H2CAT uye Eurecat: rabhoritari inobatanidza kune runway
Masikati kwaive nekuratidzira uye nzvimbo dzekuitira networking pakati pemapoka etsvakurudzo nemakambani. Pakati pezvakanakisa, timu yevatyairi iyo, Ichishandisa chiedza chezuva, inoshandura CO2 nemvura kuita gasi inokodzera mafuta synthesis, ibwe rekona remangwana eSAF cheni.
Eurecat yakaratidza kugona kwayo kubata uye kushandisazve CO2, hydrogen girini uye epamusoro catalysts, inotsigirwa nendege dzendege dzakagadzirirwa kukurumidza kuendeswa kuindasitiri. Uyu musanganiswa unobvumira kupfupisa nguva dzekuyera uye batanidza hutsva nemucheka unobereka wendima.
H2CAT network, yakarongedzwa neEurecat, inobatanidza zvivakwa uye kugona kwe17 masangano ekutsvagisa muCatalonia, ane anopfuura 80 mapoka uye 360 ​​vaongorori. Basa rayo ndere kukurudzira renewable hydrogen nemashandisirwo ayo, kusanganisira kugadzirwa kwemafuta ekufambisa nendege, achitevera tekinoroji uye zvitupa masisitimu anoenderana neICAO neLAC.
Chii chinonzi eSAF uye nei ichikosha?
Iyo eSAF (inonziwo simba-kune-zvinwiwa) inogadzirwa kubva Yakabatwa CO2 uye inogona kuvandudzwa H2, zvose zvakasanganiswa kuburikidza nemaitiro ekugadzira kuwana ma hydrocarbons ane aeronautical specifications. Kuva mafuta kudonhedza, haidi shanduko mumainjini kana logistics, iyo inofambisa kuiswa kwayo munhandare dzendege nendege.
Kukosha kwayo kwakasiyana kuenzaniswa nedzimwe nzira ndeyokuti, kana ichishandiswa nemagetsi anovandudzwa uye CO2 inotorwa kubva kune biogenic sources kana kubva kumhepo, inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya carbon footprint zvichienzaniswa nefossil parafini. Chinokosha chiri mukuwanikwa kwe Green H2 pamutengo wemakwikwi uye ne CO2 yakakodzera maitiro ekugadzira, kuwedzera kune yakavimbika yekugovera cheni.
Mutengo, mabhodhoro uye kusunda kwekutonga
Nhasi, chipingamupinyi chikuru mutengo: ongororo dzakasiyana dzinoisa iyo eSAF muhuwandu hwe 4.000 kusvika 8.225 €/t, zvichienzaniswa ne € 650-816 / t yemafuta akajairika. Kunyangwe iyo tekinoroji yakakura pakuyedza uye zviyero zvekuratidzira, dambudziko riripo gadzirai maindasitiri nemari yakafanira uye inovimbisa kwenguva yakareba zvibvumirano zvekupa.
Iro European framework inoshanda serevheti. ReFuelEU Aviation inoda sumo kuwedzera kwezvikamu zveSAF pandege dzinobva kuEU uye dzinoseta, mukati meiyo yese, chaiyo eSAF quota: zvirinani 1,2% muna 2030 with progressive scaling kusvika wasvika pa 35% muna 2050Pakazosvika 2030 chete, nhandare dzendege dzeSpain dzaigona kuda anenge 100.000 matani yemafuta ekugadzira.
Spain ine mukana muzviwanikwa zvinogoneka, chimwe chinhu icho, maererano nefungidziro yechikamu, inogona kuderedza kusvika ku € 2.000 / t kana ichigadzirwa munharaunda uye yakagadziridzwa kuwana magetsi egirinhi. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvinodiwa unganidza mari uye nekupa chokwadi chekutonga: mamwe makambani akafungazve mapurojekiti nekuda kwekudhura kwemari uye kusagadzikana kwemusika.
Tekinoroji nzira uye yekutanga mafambiro muSpain
Makambani neR&D nzvimbo dziri kuongorora nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzira eSAF pachiyero: Fischer-Tropsch kubva gasi synthesis, nzira dzinobva pazvinwiwa zvepakati kana masanganiswa akasanganiswa anobatanidza CO2 kubatwa, electrolysis uye catalytic kutendeuka. Chinangwa ndechekubudirira ASTM quality synthetic parafini nenzira yakagadzikana uye inokwikwidza.
Padanho remaindasitiri, zvibvumirano zvakatoziviswa gadzira eSAF zvivakwa muSpain, yekuongorora sarudzo dzakadai saFischer-Tropsch nedzimwe nzira dzekubatanidza. Zvirongwa izvi zvinoisa nyika munzira yekuenda mapiyona, pavanenge vachiisa kukoshesa kuchengetedza zvinhu zvakasvibirira zvekugadzirisa (green CO2 neH2) uye zvibvumirano zvenguva refu zvinogadziriswazve simba.
Kubva kumunda wetekinoroji, pane kusimbirira pane yakajeka chimiro chechitupa uye traceability, kuwana mari uye. kudyidzana kweveruzhinji nevega izvo zvinoderedza njodzi muinjiniya, kuvaka, uye kutumwa zvikamu. Nekuda kwekutonga kwakavimbiswa, chinonyanya kukosha ndechekushandura prototypes uye vatyairi muzvirimwa zvine kugadzirwa kwakasimba.
Nekuratidzira kweH2CAT muLleida-Alguaire, tekinoroji uye zvekutonga zviri kutanga kuuya pamwechete: iyo eSAF inofambira mberi semhinduro ye decarbonization yedenga reEurope, asi inoda huwandu, mari uye zvibvumirano kuti zvibve.
