La COP16, yakaitwa muCali, Colombia, pakati paOctober 21 naNovember 1, 2024, chaiva chiitiko chinokosha pakuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana. Kunyange zvazvo kufambira mberi kwakakosha kwaitwa, the kushaikwa kwezvibvumirano pazvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita semari Akasiya summit aine kuravira kunovava uye matambudziko makuru pamberi.
Chiitiko ichi chakaunza pamwe chete nhume dzinopfuura 20.000 200 dzakabva kunyika dzinenge XNUMX muguta rechitatu pakukura muColombia. Iyo agenda yaive yakanangana nekuitwa kwe Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, chibvumirano chinokosha chakagamuchirwa muna 2022 chine chinangwa chekumisa uye kugadzirisa kurasikirwa kwezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana panosvika 2030. Zvisinei, mushure memazuva akawanda ehurukuro dzakasimba, nyaya dzakawanda dzakakosha dzakaramba dzisina kugadziriswa.
Chii chakawanikwa paCOP16 muCali?
Chimwe chezvakanyanya kubudirira zveCOP16 kuve kusikwa kweiyo Sravana Sameeralu Serial 4th Cali Background, nzira yakagadzirirwa kugoverazve zvikomborero zvinowanikwa kubva mukushandiswa kwe digital sequences ye genetic resources (DSI). Makambani ari muzvikamu zvakaita semishonga, cosmetics uye biotechnology anogona kupa chikamu chemari yaanowana kana mari kuhomwe.
El 50% yemari yakaunganidzwa ichaenda kunharaunda nenharaunda, avo vagara vari vachengeti vezvinhu zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vachirangarira chibvumirano sedanho rinokosha, vamwe vanochiona sechisina kukwana, sezvo kutora rutivi kwebhizimisi kuchava kwokuzvidira. Oscar Soria, anobva kuNGO Common Initiative, akasimbisa kuti kushanda kwehomwe iyi kuchaenderana zvakanyanya nekuda kwemakambani kupa rubatsiro.
Kuzivikanwa kwevanhu vemunyika uye veAfro-dzinza
Kumwe kufambira mberi kukuru kwaive kusanganisa a Boka rinotsigira zvachose revanhu veko nenharaunda dzenzvimbo mukati meChibvumirano cheBiological Diversity (CBD). Kekutanga, nharaunda idzi dzichava nenzvimbo yekuraira zviri pamutemo mukati menhaurirano dzepasi rose dzakasiyana-siyana, kuve nechokwadi chekutora chikamu mukuita sarudzo.
Saizvozvowo, kucherechedzwa kwebasa re Afro-descendants mukuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana Yakanga iri imwe nhambo huru. Kunyangwe chikumbiro ichi chakasangana nekupokana kwekutanga kubva kunyika dzemuAfrica neEuropean Union, chakazobvumidzwa nekuda kwehutungamiriri hweColombia neBrazil.
Chipingamupinyi chikuru: mari
Zvisinei nekufambira mberi, COP16 yakaonekwa nekusawirirana panyaya yemari. Chimwe chezvinangwa zvakakosha zveGlobal Biodiversity Framework chaive chekuunganidza 20.000 mabhiriyoni emadhora pagore kusvika 2025 y 30.000 bhiriyoni kusvika 2030, chinangwa chekutsigira nyika dzichiri kusimukira mukuedza kwadzo kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu. Nekudaro, nhaurirano dzakambomira uye dzakazomiswa nekuda kwekushaikwa kwehuwandu pamusi wa2 Mbudzi plenary session.
Nyika zhinji dzemuAfrica neLatin America dzakadaidzira kuti paumbwe homwe yezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, isingaenderane neGlobal Environment Fund (GEF), chinhu chakarambwa neEuropean Union zvachose. Kumira munhaurirano kwakasiya kutorwa kwegwara rakajeka rekuunganidza zviwanikwa zvinodiwa pakamira.
Astrid Schomaker, Munyori Mukuru weCBD, akasimbisa pakutanga kwemusangano kuti kubudirira kweCOP16 kwaienderana zvakanyanya nekugona kuunganidza zviwanikwa izvi. Zvakadaro, zvichitevera kumiswa basa, masangano mazhinji akaita seGreenpeace akadana mhedzisiro iyi "kutadza", ukuwo WWF yakaratidza kushushikana nezveramangwana rezvinangwa zvezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana kana mikaha yemari ikasavharwa.
Zvinangwa zvepasi rose zviri panjodzi
Rimwe rematambudziko makuru akatarisana neCOP16 raive iro 44 chete panyika 196 dzakapa hurongwa hwadzo hwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emarudzi, nhamba isina kukwana kuti izadzise zvinangwa zvakatarwa muna 2022. Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework inokumbira nyika kuti dzichengetedze 30% yezvipenyu zvepasi pano panosvika 2030, asi nehurongwa hwekuita hushoma hwenyika huripo, chinangwa chinoratidzika kunge chisiri nyore.
Kunonoka mukuratidzwa kwezvirongwa, zvakare kushaikwa kwechibvumirano chemari, inoisa mungozi kuzadzikwa kwezvinangwa zvokuchengetedza, izvo zvingava denho yakakomba kunhamburiko dzepasi rose dzokumisa kurasikirwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Izvo zvakanaka: kusati kwamboitika kutora chikamu uye COP yevanhu
Kunyange hazvo kushaikwa kwezvibvumirano zvekubhadhara mari kwakadzora kumashure, COP16 yakabhabhatidzwa naSusana Muhamad, purezidhendi wemusangano uye Gurukota rezvezvakatipoteredza muColombia, "COP yevanhu". Kutora chikamu kwemasangano everuzhinji kwaishamisa uye kwakakwanisa kuve danda rechokwadi rekukwezva neinonzi Green Zone, nzvimbo iyo vagari, mabhizinesi madiki, maNGO uye nharaunda dzemunharaunda dzaigona kugovera zvavanofunga nezvavakaita.
Minister Muhamad vakasimbisa kukosha kwekubatanidza manzwi evanhu veko, nharaunda dzenharaunda uye vechidiki, avo vanoita basa rakakosha mukurwira kuchengetedza zvipenyu. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwehurumende, iyo Green Zone yakakwezva kupfuura 800.000 vanhu mukati memavhiki maviri echiitiko ichi, zvichiratidza kushushikana kuri kukura kwepasirese kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Matanho anotevera akananga kuCOP17
Nekumiswa kweCOP16, zvinotarisirwa kuti nhaurirano dzemari dzichatanga zvakare musangano wenguva pfupi muBangkok pamberi peCOP17, iyo ichaitirwa muArmenia muna 2026. Nhaurirano dzichada kutarisisa kuti tingaunganidza sei zviwanikwa zvinodiwa kuti paitwe chirongwa cheGlobal Biodiversity Framework uye kuona kuti nyika dzakawanda dzaendesa zvirongwa zvadzo zvemunyika.
Mhedzisiro yenhaurirano idzi ichave yakakosha mukuchengetedza tariro yekuzadzikisa zvinangwa zvepasi rose zvezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana nguva isati yakwana. Neasingasviki makore matanhatu ekuzadzisa zvinangwa zva2030, nguva ndeye musimboti uye sarudzo dzinoitwa mumisangano inotevera dzinove dzakasimba nezveramangwana rezvakasiyana-siyana zvepasi.
Pasina kupokana, COP16 muCali yanga iri summit izere nekukwira nekudzika, ine kufambira mberi kwakakosha asiwo matambudziko makuru. Kunyange zvazvo kusikwa kweCali Fund uye kucherechedzwa kwenharaunda dziri budiriro huru, kushaikwa kwemari uye kunonoka mukuratidzwa kwezvirongwa zvemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvipenyu zvinosiya tariro zhinji dzakaiswa pamusangano uyu mumhepo.