Muguta reHernando, riri mudunhu re Córdoba, yakatanga kushanda yekutanga biogas system zvichibva pamarara enguruve kwete muArgentina chete asi muSouth America yose. Iyi tekinoroji yehunyanzvi inotora mukana wemarara emarara kubva kunguruve kugadzira simba rakachena, yakamira seyakagoneka, yezvakatipoteredza uye inobereka modhi ine mabhenefiti akawanda.
Chii chinonzi biogas?
El biogas Ifutsi inogona kudzokororwa inowanikwa kuburikidza neanaerobic (isina oxygen) kuparara kwezvinhu zvakasikwa, senge tsvina yemhuka, tsvina yekurima kana agro-industrial tsvina. Kuita uku kunoitwa nemabhakitiriya ayo, panguva yekugayiwa kwezvinhu izvi, anoburitsa gasi rinoumbwa zvakanyanya methane (CH4) y carbon dioxide (CO2). Biogas inogona kushandiswa kugadzira magetsi, zvivakwa zvekupisa kana semafuta emotokari.
Panyaya yeHernando, tsvina yenguruve ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mubiodigester, ichipa kwete kugadzirwa kwegasi chete, asiwo kugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro yefetiraiza uye kuderedzwa kukuru kwekusvibisa kunogadzirwa basa rekurima.
Kushanda kweiyo biogas system muHernando
Iyo biogas system muguta reHernando inosanganisira microturbines iyo inoiswa yega. Aya ma microturbines haangobudisi magetsi epurazi renguruve, asi iyo yakasara inoiswa mugedhi reveruzhinji, iro muguta rino rinotungamirwa nemubatanidzwa. Iyi nzira yedecentralized inobvumira varimi kuti vasangozadzisa zvido zvesimba ravo chete, asi kuti vaite mari yasara.
Kushanda kwehurongwa huri nyore, iyo tsvina yemarara inogadzirwa nenguruve inounganidzwa yoendeswa kune biodigester kana kunyura uko mabhakitiriya anokonzera kuora tsvina yakataurwa, achigadzira biogas. Iyi biogas inoendeswa kuchirimwa chidiki uko inogona kushandiswa kune zvinangwa zvikuru zviviri:
- Chizvarwa chemagetsi, kushandisa microturbine kushandura simba rinopisa rebiogas kuita simba remagetsi.
- Kugovera gasi, biogas inogona kufambiswa nemapombi kuti ishandiswe mumakicheni, maheater emvura, kana kupisa nzvimbo munzvimbo dziri pedyo.
Iyi sisitimu zvakare inoburitsa yemhando yepamusoro organic fetereza sechigadzirwa chinogona kushandiswa pazvirimwa zvemuno, kuvhara kutenderera kwekuchengetedza. Kune rumwe rutivi, kushanda kwegadziriro inobvumira kuti ishandiswe kure, kungave kuburikidza neInternet kana kuburikidza nesatellite controls, iyo inovimbisa kushanda kukuru kunyange kure.
Zvakanakira iyo biogas system
Kushandiswa kwebiogas kunobva pazvipo zvenguruve manyowa akawanda mabhenefiti, zvose zvakatipoteredza uye zvoupfumi. Iwo anonyanyozivikanwa akanyorwa pazasi:
- Kushandiswa kwemarara: Kugadziriswa kwemarara emhuka kunodzivirira kuunganidzwa kwayo mumirwi kana madhamu, kwaaigona kuburitsa isingadzoreki methane emissions.
- Kugadzira simba rakachena: Biogas inzvimbo inogona kudzokororwa yesimba iyo inoderedza kutsamira pamafuta efossil.
- Kuderedzwa kwekubuda kwegreenhouse gasi: Biogas inotora uye kushandisa methane isati yaburitswa mumhepo, ichideredza zvakanyanya kuburitswa kwegasi rinopisa.
- Kugadzirwa kwe organic fertilizer: Iyo digestate inogadzirwa mushure mekuvirisa ine chikafu chinogona kushandiswa mukurima.
- Cogeneration uye trigeneration: Iyo biogas masisitimu akaiswa muHernando anobvumira zvese kubatanidzwa kwemagetsi uye kupisa, pamwe ne trigeneration, iyo inowedzera mukana wekugadzira kutonhora, nekudaro kuvhara kwakasiyana kwesimba zvinodiwa.
Imwe mukana unozivikanwa webiogas masisitimu ndiko kuchinjika kwavo. Izvi zvinogona kuiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekurima uye zvipfuyo, uye kunyangwe munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri, zvichienderana chete nerudzi uye huwandu hwemarara emarara anoshandiswa sechinhu chikuru chekuisa.
Kufunga nezvezvakatipoteredza uye zvoupfumi
Padanho rezvakatipoteredza, biogas chimwe chezvishandiso zvinonyanya kushanda kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekudzikisa kuburitswa, sezvo ichishandura marara kuita simba rinoshandiswa, kudzivirira magasi egreenhouse kuburitswa nenzira isingadzoreki. Inofungidzirwa kuti kushandiswa kwebiogas kunogona kuderedza methane emissions inogadzirwa papurazi renguruve kusvika ku75%.
Padanho rehupfumi, iyo biogas system muHernando inoratidza kuti kuisa mari mubiogas tekinoroji kunogona kubatsira zvakanyanya. Kunyange zvazvo kushandiswa kwekutanga kunoda mari yakawanda, zvikomborero zvakawanikwa - zvose mukuchengetedza simba uye mukutengesa kwemagetsi akawandisa - bvumira hurongwa kuzvibhadhara nokukurumidza.
Semuenzaniso, vagadziri veHernando vakaderedza zvakanyanya kutsamira kwavo pane giredhi yemagetsi echinyakare, izvo zvakavabvumira kuti vatarise zviri nani nekuwedzera kwemitengo yemagetsi. Zvakare, iyo organic fetireza inokonzeresa inonyanya kutsiva zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari, izvo zvakaona mitengo yazvo ichikwira mumakore achangopfuura.
Ramangwana rebiogas muArgentina
MuArgentina, kugadzirwa kwebiogas kwakave ne kukura kukuru mumakore achangopfuura, kunyanya kubva pakubvumirwa kweRenewable Energy Promotion Law muna 2015. Mutemo uyu wakakurudzira zvirongwa munharaunda yekurima, kusanganisira biogas systems mumapurazi enguruve, mhou uye kunyange mumaindasitiri ezvokudya.
Zvisinei, kunyange zvazvo kufambira mberi kunokosha kwaitwa, pachine nzira refu yekufamba. Pane zvimhingamupinyi zvezvemari neruzivo zvinotadzisa kuwanda kutorwa kwemagetsi ebiogas munyika. Vagadziri vazhinji havazive kugona kwemarara avo kugadzira simba, uye mari inowanikwa ishoma. Nekudaro, zvirongwa zvakaita seHernando zvakaisa muenzaniso unokurudzira weramangwana.
Uyezve, zvikomborero zvezvakatipoteredza hazvifaniri kurerutswa. Argentina, semurimi mukuru wezvekurima, ine mukana wakakura wekudzikisa kukanganisa kwayo kwezvakatipoteredza kuburikidza nekudyara kukuru mumhando iyi yetekinoroji. Kutaura zvazviri, zvinotarisirwa kuti panosvika gore ra2030, biogas ichange iine basa guru musimba resimba renyika.
Zvakakosha kuti vagadziri vakawanda vatarise imwe nzira iyi uye kuti mitemo yehurumende irambe ichikurudzira kuiswa kwemabiodigester. Simba rakachena rakadai sebiogas haringomiriri mhinduro kumatambudziko emagetsi, asi rinopawo mhinduro inobudirira kumatambudziko emamiriro ekunze aripo.
Kushandiswa kwetsvina yenguruve kugadzira biogas inzira yakagadzikana uye ine hupfumi inoburitsa simba rakachena, fetireza uye inoderedza kusvibiswa kwemhepo. Masisitimu akaita saHernando anotungamira nzira inoenda kune yakawedzera simba remangwana muArgentina, uye kubudirira kwayo kunogona kukurudzira vamwe vanogadzira kutora iyi tekinoroji.