Mhepo inoshandurwa sei kuita magetsi? Chirevo chakananga chezvino turbines emhepo ndeekare zvigayo zvemhepo, izvo zvichiri kushandiswa nhasi mumabasa akasiyana-siyana, akadai sokukuya zviyo kana kuti kupomba mvura. A Windmill Muchina une mablades kana mablades akabatana kune akajairika shaft inotenderera kana mhepo ichivhuvhuta.
Iyi mechanical movement inogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Parizvino, chinhu chakajairika ndechekuishandisa kugadzira magetsi. Kutenderera kwemablades kunomutsa jenareta yemagetsi inoshandura iyo Kinetic simba zvichibva kumhepo magetsi emagetsi.
Mhando dzeMhepo Turbines
Kune mhando mbiri huru dze turbines emhepo maererano nokurongeka kwenheyo yayo. chinjikira akabatana and of vertical axis.
Horizontal akabatana mhepo turbines
Ndiwo anonyanya kuzivikanwa nhasi uye anoratidzwa nekuve neaxis yekutenderera yakatarisana nepasi. Izvi zvinobvumira kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana kuvharwa, kubva kumagetsi echizvarwa kusvika kune mapurazi makuru emhepo. Iwo anoshandiswa mumagadziro ese ari maviri yepanyika (kumahombekombe) se marinas (kumahombekombe), kuchinjira kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodikanwa zvesimba.
Vertical axis wind turbines
Kusiyana nevaya vane horizontal axis, iyo yakamira axis mhepo turbines Havadi chidhiraivho, sezvo vanobata mhepo kubva kune chero nzira. Izvi zvinoderedza kuoma kwemagetsi uye inobvumira jenereta kuti iwanikwe pedyo nevhu, zvichiita kuti kuwanika kwekugadzirisa. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti kune matatu marudzi evertical wind turbines: Savonius, Giromill y darrieus, imwe neimwe iine hunhu mumagadzirirwo ayo nemashandisirwo ayo.
Kuipa kwemagetsi emhepo
Kunyangwe ma turbines emhepo ari mhinduro inoshanda kwazvo kune iyo inogadziriswazve kugadzirwa kwesimba, vane zvimwe zvinokanganisa. Pakati pezvinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndezvake hukuru hwakakura and the ruzha kuti vanogadzira. Hunhu uhu hunomanikidza maturbine emhepo kuiswa munzvimbo dziri kure nemaguta.
Rimwe dambudziko guru ndere kushanduka kwemhepo. Turbines akagadzirwa kuti ashande nemazvo kana mhepo ichivhuvhuta mukati meimwe nhanho yekumhanya, iyo inowanzosiyana pakati. 3 uye 24 metres pasekondi. Kana mhepo isina simba, turbine haigone kugadzira magetsi akakwana, uye kana yakanyanya kusimba, inogona kukuvadza michina.
Bumbiro remhepo turbine kana yemhepo turbine
Mhepo dzemhepo dzakagadzirwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana zvinoshanda pamwechete kuti zvinyatso shandura mhepo kuita magetsi. Pazasi tinotsanangura zvikamu zvakakosha:
- Shongwe nenheyo: Shongwe inobata mashizha uye jenareta. Inovakwa muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakadai sesimbi kana kongiri, zvichienderana nehukuru hwe turbine. Nheyo dzinovimbisa kugadzikana kwechimiro uye inogona kuve isina kudzika kana kudzika.
- Rotor: Ndicho chikamu chine kunyanya kusangana nemhepo. Mashizha ayo anoshandura simba remhepo kuita kutenderera.
- Gondola: iyo nacelle inogara jenareta uye bhokisi rekuwedzera. Ichi chidimbu chine basa rekutangisa mablades kwakanangana nemhepo.
- Wedzera bhokisi: inowedzera kumhanya kwekutenderera kwe rotor kusvika kune inodiwa shanduko mujenareta, kazhinji 1.500 kusvika 2.000 paminiti.
- Jenareta: inoshandura simba remagetsi kuita simba remagetsi, kazhinji kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemagineti.
Kubatsira kwema turbine anomhanyisa emhepo achienzaniswa neanonoka
Kune mapoka maviri makuru emagetsi emhepo: anokurumidza uye anononoka. The fast wind turbines Iwo akareruka uye anoshanda zvakanyanya nekuda kwenhamba diki yemablades. Nekuva nezvikamu zvishoma zvinofamba, zviri nyore kuchengetedza uye zvinogona kugadzirisa zviri nani simba rinotorwa kubva kumhepo. Pamusoro pezvo, chimiro chayo chakareruka chinoderedza kushushikana pabhokisi regiya uye mekiniki zvinhu, zvichikonzera a mari yekuchengetedza yakaderera uye a akareba masherufu hupenyu.
Mhepo ine simba kwazvo pasi rose
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, iyo kambani vestas yakaratidza iyo turbine yemhepo update V164, ane simba zvikuru pasi rose. Iyi turbine yakakura yakareba mamita 220 uye ine mashizha 80 metres kureba. Iyo yapfuura modhi yakapa simba re8 MW, asi mushure mekuvandudzwa kwakaitwa, iyo itsva turbine yemhepo inogona kusvika 9 MW yemagetsi pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka.
Panguva yekuyedzwa kwayo kwekutanga, iyi turbine yemhepo yakakwanisa kugadzira 216.000 kWh mumaawa makumi maviri nemana, kuisa chinyorwa chekugadzirwa kwesimba. Kuti uise iyi data muchimiro, iyo huwandu hwesimba hunogona kupa kushandiswa kwemagetsi kweavhareji imba 66 makore.
Kubudirira kweiyi gigantic wind turbine kwakaratidza izvozvo mhepo dzegungwa inogona kuita basa rakakosha pakuchinja kuenda simba rinowedzeredzwa pamwero mukuru. Kugona kwayo kubatanidza mafambiro emhepo akasimba mugungwa uye kunyatsoashandura kuita magetsi inhanho huru yekudzikisa kuburitswa kwekabhoni.
Simba remhepo rinoramba richishanduka, uye ma turbines emhepo anowedzera simba uye anoshanda. Zvitsva zvakaita seV164 hazvina kungoisa zvinyorwa zvitsva chete, asi zvakare zvinoratidza kugona kwesimba remhepo kubva kumahombekombe kutungamira kugadzirwa kwemagetsi akachena, anokwanisika uye akasimba.
Ini ndine hanya nemakiromita makumi mashanu kubva kuEdilberto