Shandura mweya mukati inoshandiswa peturu yekugadzira mumotokari yakajairika Zvinoita sengano dzesainzi, asi zvakatoratidzwa mumamiriro ezvinhu epanyika chaiwo nemuchina wakakura zvishoma pane firiji yemumba. Padenga rechimwe chivako muNew York, muchina uyu wakazadza bhodhoro nepeturu pasina kushandisa matsime eoiri kana kucheneswa.
Chikumbiro chakavakirwa pakugadzira carbon-neutral synthetic air peturukushandisa atmospheric carbon dioxide nemvura, nemagetsi anobva munzvimbo dzinogonekazve. Kunyange zvazvo chirongwa ichi chakatanga kuUnited States, pfungwa dzayo dzinonyatsoenderana nehurongwa hwazvino hwekutonga uye zvinangwa zvemamiriro ekunze. European Union nenyika dzakaita seSpainuko mafuta ekugadzira ari kutanga kuwana kukosha mune decarbonization maitiro.
Muchina wakakura mufiriji unogadzira peturu yekugadzira kubva kumhepo
Iyo New York-yakavakirwa yekutanga Aircela yakagadzira compact, yakanyarara uye modular unit Inokwanisa kushandura mweya kuita peturu yemvura yekugadzira pasina kushandisa peturu. Magadzirirwo ayo akafanana nefiriji refu, nhete, ichibvumira kuti iiswe pamatenga edzimba, mumagaraji, maindasitiri madiki, kana kunyange munzvimbo dziri kwadzo dzoga dzisina zvivako zvakakura.
Panguva yekuratidzira, muchina wacho wakaiswa mukati pamusoro pedenga muNew York's textile districtkwaakatora carbon dioxide kubva mumhepo yakapoteredza, akaisanganisa nehydrogen yakatorwa mumvura, ndokuzadza bhodhoro repeturu. Vakuru vehurumende vakati wandei pamwe nevezvenhau vakaona bvunzo iyi, iyo yakanangana nekuratidza kuti mafuta aya anogona kushandiswa zvakananga, pasina kugadzirisa injini kana masevhisi.
Mafuta akawanikwa ari kemikari yakaenzana nefossil peturuZvisinei, pane misiyano mikuru: icarbon-neutral synthetic peturu, isina sarufa uye isina ethanol musanganiswa. Izvi zvinoderedza zvinosvibisa zvemuno zvine chekuita nekupisa uye zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kushandisa mukati iripo mukati combustion injini hapana shanduko yehunyanzvi.
Aircela anotora mudziyo wake sehurongwa modular uye scalableyakagadzirirwa kushanda nenzira yakadzikama. Pfungwa yacho haisi yekutsiva mahombe ekunatsa zvese kamwechete, asi kuendesa akawanda madiki mayuniti padyo nenzvimbo yekushandisa, kuderedza chekufambisa, kuburitswa kwakabatana, uye kutsamira pamaketani akaomarara.
Mafuta ekugadzira anowanwa sei kubva kumhepo?
Nheyo yetekinoroji idanho-matanho maviri ari nyore mukufunga, kunyangwe tekinoroji ichida. Kutanga, boka rinoita Kutora zvakananga COâ‚‚ kubva kumhepouchishandisa module inosefa mhepo uye inochengeta carbon dioxide. Danho iri rakakosha nekuti rinoshandisazve gasi rinokonzeresa kudziya kwepasi sechinhu chisina kubikwa.
Zvadaro, mudziyo unoshandisa magetsi kubva kunowanikwazve kupatsanura mvura kuita haidrojeni neokisijeni. Iyo haidrojeni yakawanikwa inosanganiswa neyakatorwa COâ‚‚ kuburikidza nepamusoro pemakemikari maitiro, zvichikonzera mvura hydrocarbons. Mhedzisiro ndeye peturu yekugadzira iyo inogona kuchengetwa uye kugoverwa senge chero yakajairika mafuta.
Imwe yemabhenefiti makuru ndeyekuti Iyo peturu inogadzirwa inoenderana neinjini dzazvinoHapana chikonzero chekuchinja mota, kugadzirisa tangi yemafuta, kana kugadzirisa magasi kana marori anotakura mafuta. Izvi zvinopesana nedzimwe mhinduro, dzakadai sedzimotokari dzemagetsi dzakachena, dzinoda kuvandudzwa kukuru kwezvikepe zvemotokari uye zvivako zvekuchaja.
Kuenzaniswa nebiofuel kana musanganiswa wekuyedza, iyi peturu yekugadzira inoita seyakajairwa peturu maererano nekuita uye kushandiswa kwemazuva ese, asi. Hazvinei nezvirimwa zvekurima kana biomassUye haisanganisi matsime matsva kana maitiro ekunatsa echinyakare, zvichiita kuti ive imwe nzira inonakidza yezvikamu zvinonetsa kuisa magetsi munguva pfupi.
Zvinoenderana nedata rakaburitswa nekambani pachayo uye nyanzvi midhiya, module yekugadzira inogona kugadzira anenge 4 litres epeturu pazuvakubata kutenderedza 10 kilos yemuchadenga COâ‚‚. Kunyangwe manhamba aya achiri mashoma pachiyero cheindasitiri, anoratidza kugona kwekugadzirwa kwakagoverwa, kunyanya munzvimbo dziri kure kana chitsuwa.
Kukanganisa kwemamiriro ekunze uye kukodzera kwayo mukati memitemo yeEurope
Chikumbiro chepakati chekugadzira peturu yemhepo ndiko kugona kwayo kuve kabhoni kusarerekera mukati mehupenyu hwayo hweseIyo COâ‚‚ yakaburitswa kana yapiswa muinjini ndiyo yakaenzana iyo yakatorwa kubva mumhepo kuti igadzire. Kana maitiro ese akafambiswa nesimba rinodzokororwa, mambure ekubudisa anogona kusvika zero.
Ichi chimiro, zvisinei, chinoenderana nechimwe chinhu chakakosha: panobva magetsi ashandiswaKana muchina wakabatanidzwa kune gidhi remagetsi uko mafuta efossil achiri kutonga, mafuta chaiwo ekabhoni anokwira, uye kumwe kubatsirwa kwemamiriro ekunze kunorasika. Ndizvo chaizvo pano kuti Europe, ine chikamu chiri kukura chezvezvezve musanganiswa wayo wemagetsi, ine chinzvimbo chinobatsira.
Muchirevo cheEurope, iyo inonzi mafuta ekugadzira kana e-mafuta Ivo vari kutanga kutariswa mukati mehurongwa hwemutemo, semuenzaniso muzvinangwa zveFit ye55 package. Aya masisitimu anobvumira mafuta akaderera-kabhoni kuverenga akananga kudonzvo rekudzikisa kubuda, chimwe chinhu chisati chagadzirwa muUnited States.
Kune nyika dzakaita seSpain, uko kupinda kwe simba rezuva uye remhepo Kushandiswa kwetekinoroji iyi kwakakwira zvakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura, uye vaigona kushandisa yakawandisa simba rinowanikwazve kugadzira mafuta ekugadzira, kunyanya panguva yekusaita basa. Izvi zvaizobatsira kutonga zvirinani kusiyanisa kwesimba rinodzokororwa uye decarbonize zvikamu zvichiri kuvimba nemafuta emvura.
Nekudaro, nyanzvi dzesimba dzinosimbisa kuti mhinduro idzi hadzifanirwe kuonekwa sechitsividzo chakakwana chekuisa magetsi, asi sekuti imwezve chidimbu mukuchinja kwesimbaChinonyanya kukosha chinoramba chiri kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba repasi rose uye kuisa magetsi pazvinoshanda, kuchengetedza mafuta ekugadzira ekushandisa apo pasina nzira dzinoshanda munguva pfupi kana yepakati.
Zvakanakira zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe modhi yeshanduko yekufambisa
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinosiyanisa zvechikumbiro ichi ndeye kuenderana nekukurumidza neazvino mota zvikepeKune mota dzinosvika bhiriyoni 1.400 dzemotokari dzinopisa mumugwagwa pasi rose, uye kudzitsiva zvachose nemotokari dzemagetsi zvinotora makumi emakore, nemutengo wakakura wehupfumi uye wekushandisa.
Synthetic air-fueled peturu inobvumira, zvirinani pabepa, kuenderera mberi kushandiswa mota dziripo, midhudhudhu nemavanasi inofambiswa nemafuta ane hunyoro hudiki hwemamiriro ekunze. Izvi zvinodzivirira kumirira kuvandudzwa kwezvikepe uye zvinoderedza kudzvanywa kwehuwandu hwekugadzira bhatiri uye nekuwedzera nekukurumidza kweiyo yekuchaja network.
Uyezve, mhinduro yaAircela inosiya kuseri kwemaoiri-akavakirwa maitiro akadai kuchera, kuchera uye kushandiswa kwematsime, ine chekuita nemamiriro ekunze uye geopolitical kukanganisa. Nekuvimba nemhepo inovandudzwa, mvura, uye magetsi, kugadzirwa kwepeturu kunogadzikiswa uye kunogona kuwanikwa padyo nevatengi vekupedzisira.
Uku kuendesa matunhu kunovhura mikana ye kumaruwa, zvitsuwa kana matunhu asina kubatanauko kupihwa kwemafuta akajairika kunodhura kana kusavimbika. Panzvimbo pekuvimba nenzira dzemarori akareba kana ngarava, zvikamu zvekugadzira zvemuno zvinogona kuisirwa, zvichideredza mutengo wekufambisa uye kusagadzikana kwekupa kukanganiswa kweketani.
Mukufanana, mafuta ekugadzira anopa imwe nzira yezvikamu zvakaita sekutakura kwemugungwa uye nendege, kupi Mabhatiri emagetsi ane zvisingakwanisi maererano nehuremu uye huwandu.Hazvisi zvakangoitika kuti pakati pevakatanga kuita mari muAircela iMaersk Growth, yakabatana kune imwe yemakambani makuru ekutakura epasirese, anofarira sarudzo dze decarbonization yenzira dzekufamba kure.
Zvinetso zvehunyanzvi, zvehupfumi uye zvekuyera
Pasinei nekukwanisa kwayo, teknolojia iyi inotakura mikwende yakawanda. matambudziko makuru ekuwana kutorwa kwevanhu vakawandaChinonyanya kujeka ndechekushandiswa kwesimba: kuparadzanisa mvura kuti iwane haidrojeni uye kutora COâ‚‚ kubva kumhepo maitiro emagetsi, kunyange kana akaitwa nemichina yakagadziridzwa.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti, chero bedzi pasina magetsi akawanda uye asingadhuri anogona kudzokororwazveSynthetic peturu kubva kumhepo icharamba ichidhura kupfuura yakajairika peturu. Kukwikwidzana kwehupfumi kuchaenderana nemitengo yakaderera yezuva, mhepo, uye mamwe magetsi akachena, pamwe nekuvandudzwa mukushanda kwekutora uye synthesis michina pachayo.
Imwe pfungwa yakaoma ndeye chiyero chekugadzirwa chinodiwa kuti chipesvedze kuburitswa kwepasi roseModule imwe chete inogadzira marita mashoma pazuva inogona kukwana kudzimba kana kuratidzira, asi kudiwa kwemafuta epasi rose kunoyerwa mumamiriyoni emadhiramu pazuva. Kufamba kubva kune prototypes kuenda kune yakakura-inogonesa zvidyarwa zvinoda mari yakawanda uye akajeka kwazvo ekutonga masisitimu.
Regulation, chaizvo, inzvimbo iyo Europe ine imwe mukana. Nekusanganisira mafuta ekugadzira mumaitiro ayo emamiriro ekunze, EU inogona kufambisa zvinokurudzira, renewable mavambo zvitupa uye tsigiro zvirongwa izvo zvinobatsira izvi zvigadziriso zvikure uye zvive zvakanyanya kudhura. Mune mamwe misika, kushaikwa kwemitemo chaiyo kunogona kutadzisa kuvandudzwa kwemapurojekiti emhando iyi.
Pakupedzisira, kugamuchirwa munharaunda uye kubuda pachena maererano nemigumisiro chaiyo ichave yakakosha. Masangano ezvemamiriro ekunze uye nyanzvi dzinoda data rakadzama pa iyo yakazara kabhoni tsoka yemafuta aya, tichifunga nezvehupenyu hwose, kubva pakugadzirwa kwemuchina kusvika pakugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwemafuta.
Synthetic air peturu, sezvakatsanangurwa naAircela, iri panzvimbo yepakati pakati peiyo classic fossil mafuta modhi uye yakazara magetsi: kuwedzera zvivakwa nemotokari zviripoInoshandisa COâ‚‚ yemuchadenga sechinhu chakabikwa uye inovimba nezvinovandudzwa pakugadzirwa kwayo, asi inodawo simba rakakosha uye kurongeka kwakaringana kuti ive nechokwadi chekuenzanisa kwemamiriro ekunze. MuEurope neSpain, uko mitemo yemamiriro ekunze uye kuwedzera kwesimba rakachena kuri kufambira mberi nekukurumidza, rudzi urwu rwemhinduro runogona kuve chimwe chishandiso mukati memhando yetekinoroji yekudzikisa kuburitswa, chero ikasvikwa pasina kushingairira kwakanyanya uye nekuongorora kwakasimba kwemitengo, zvisingakwanisi, uye mikana.
