Kunyangwe kuchera oiri kuchienderera mberi sekunge pasina mamwe masimba emagetsi aripo, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukuwedzeredza kusati kwamboitika, gore rino kwaona kubuda kwemakambani manomwe mukati meChinese photovoltaic sector iyo zvino yaunza dambudziko rakakura kumakambani emafuta. Aya makambani akawana izvi nekutengesa solar panels akarasikirwa kutora chikamu chemusika, zvichiita kuti nharaunda yepasi rose itsamire pahunyanzvi hwavo.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, magetsi anogona kudzokororwa ari kuwana mukurumbira. Chirevo chechangobva kuitika chinoratidza kuti simba rinowanikwazve rapfuura mafuta efossil, parizvino inomiririra 30% yemagetsi anopihwa muEuropean Union.
Simba rinovandudzwa munyika
Simba renewable sources riri kuita kuti kuvepo kwavo kunzwike muEurope yese. Sekureva kwevaongorori veboka reEmber, Ichi chiitiko chakakosha chakasvika muhafu yekutanga ye2024. Kekutanga, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kubva kuzuva nemhepo simba rakapfuura iro rinogadzirwa kubva mufossil mafuta mukati meEuropean Union. Kunyanya, aya anodzoreredzwa masosi akaumba 30% yemagetsi ese aipihwa muUnion.
Ongororo yacho inoratidza kuti nyika dzenhengo gumi nenhatu parizvino dzinoburitsa huwandu hwemagetsi kubva kune idzi mbiri, uye kuti Germany, Belgium, Hungary neNetherlands dzakawana chiitiko ichi kekutanga. MuSpain, nhamba idzi dzinotyisa: mumwedzi waMay, Simba reSolar nemhepo raimiririra 50% yekugadzira magetsi. Ichi chokwadi chisingaenzaniswi chinoperekedzwa nePoland, iyo yasvikawo mazinga erekodhi.
Kushandiswa kwesimba rezuva nemhepo kwakaona kusimuka kukuru mumakore gumi apfuura, zvichiratidza nzira isingachinjiki yekukwira kumusoro, nepo simba rinobva mumafuta efossil rakasvika padanho idzva muna 2017 risati ratambura kuderera kunoshamisa.
Kushandisa simba rinovandudzwa
Muhafu yekutanga yegore, Mafuta efossil akaverengera makumi maviri nenomwe muzana ekugadzirwa kwemagetsi mukati meEU, iyo inoratidza kuderera kwe17% zvichienzaniswa nenguva yapfuura. Vaongorori vanoratidza kuti kudzikiswa kwekushandiswa kwemafuta efossil kwakaitika kunyangwe kudiwa kwesimba kwakanyanya kwakaitika panguva yeCOVID-19 denda uye dambudziko remutengo wegasi mumakore achangopfuura. Pakave zvakare nekudzoreredza panguva ino, kunyangwe iyo girafu ichiratidza kusamira mumatsime emagetsi anovandudzwa.
Pakati pehafu yekutanga ya2023 nehafu yekutanga ya2024, marasha akaona kudzikira kwe24%, nepo gasi rakadzikira ne14%. Maererano nomuongorori weEmber, Chris Rosslowe, “tiri kuona kuchinja kwenhau muchikamu chemagetsi, uye zviri kuitika nokukurumidza.” Uyezve, anotaura kuti “nekukwira kwemhepo nesimba rezuva, basa refossil-based energy riri kudzikira. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anoratidza shanduko yenguva refu, asi yave kuwedzera kuoneka zvichitevera zviito zvisati zvamboitika, senge. iyo yakaiswa simba ye photovoltaic mapaneru muna 2023 uye mwedzi yekutanga ye2024.
Pamusoro pezvo, shanduko iyi chikamu chehurongwa hwekubatana husina kungonangana nekuderedza kuburitswa nekudzikisira kutsamira pamafuta efossil, asiwo kugadzirisa kuedza kweNyika zhinji dzeNhengo dzekudzikisa kuvimba kwadzo nekutenga gasi kunze kwenyika, kunyanya kusawirirana kuri kuitika muUkraine. pamwe neRussia.
Tichiri kumirira data rakazara ne2024, zvinoramba zvichionekwa kana hutongi hwesimba rinodzokororwa huchasimbiswa zvakasimba. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti maitiro aya haasi kuEurope chete. IUnited States inoenzanisira iyi shanduko yesimba, neCalifornia inosangana neakawandisa solar kugadzirwa kwesimba uye Texas, yakagara ichitsamira pamafuta, iko zvino ichiita mari yakakosha mukuisa photovoltaic. China inoita basa rakakosha mukuchinja kwesimba uku, ine huwandu hwakanyanya hwekugadzira zvekuti inotarisana nematambudziko mukugadzirisa tsvina inogadzirwa nekuvandudza matekinoroji ezuva nemhepo.
Shanduko yesimba
Shanduko iyi inomiririra kubudirira kukuru mukuchinja kwesimba redunhu. Kudzikira kwefossil kushandiswa kwemafuta kunopindirana nekudzoreredza zvine mwero mukudiwa kwemagetsi, uko kwakawedzera ne0,7% zvichitevera denda reCCIDID-19 uye dambudziko remutengo wegesi. Nekudaro, kuwedzera kwesimba rinowanikwazve, kunyanya mhepo nesolar, hakungogadzirise kuwedzera uku kwekuda asi zvakare kwakapfuura simba remazuva ese.
Kuderera kukuru mukushandiswa kwemarasha kwakaonekwa, yakadzikira ne24%, ukuwo kushandiswa kwegasi rechisikigo kwakadzikira ne14%. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinosimbisa shanduko yakakosha, sezvo mitemo yesimba reEuropean iri kuwedzera kuderera kutsamira pamafuta efossil uye kubatanidzwa kwakanyanya kweakachena magetsi masosi.
Chirevo chinosimbisa kuti kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi kubva kumhepo uye solar sources haisi kungoitika kwemwaka. Kunyange mamiriro ekunze akavandudzwa uye kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emvura kwakabata basa, mutyairi mukuru kwaive kuenderera mberi kwekuwedzera kwesimba rinogoneka rinogoneka.
Spain yakazvisiyanisa seimwe yenyika dzinotungamira mukuitwa kwezvezvezve magetsi masosi. Muna Chivabvu 2024, Zvikamu zvinodarika makumi mashanu kubva muzana zvemagetsi emunyika akagadzirwa kubva mumhepo nemagetsi ezuva, chiitiko chinoratidza kushanda kwemitemo yemagetsi.
Shanduko yakakosha iyi inobatanidza basa reEuropean Union semutungamiri wepasi rose mukurwisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, zvichiratidza kuti shanduko yakanangana nehurongwa hwakavakirwa pasimba rinowanikwazve haigoneki chete asiwo inobatsira mune zvehupfumi uye inoshanda.
Pane zvigadziriso zvemasoftware zvakagadzirirwa kubatsira makambani kuronda zvibodzwa zvavo zve decarbonization, kuvandudza hurongwa hwavo hwekusiyanisa simba, kuongorora mashandiro avo, kuderedza kukonzeresa kwavo kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kutonga nemazvo njodzi dzekushanda nedziviriro.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekuti simba rinogonekwazve rinopfuura sei mafuta efossil muEurope.