Mumakore achangopfuura, mutengo wemagetsi muSpain wakasvika kumazinga asina kumboitika, izvo zvakakonzera kunetseka mumamiriyoni emisha nemakambani. Izvo zvaimboita senge bhiri remagetsi rinotakurika zvino rinomiririra imwe yemari yakawanda mubhajeti yako yemwedzi. Mubvunzo unobvunzwa nevakawanda ndewekuti: Sei bhiri remagetsi risingaregi kukwira muSpain? Zvikonzero zvacho zvakawandisa, asi zvinonyanya kuenderana nemamiriro ekunze, chimiro chemusika wesimba uye marongero ezvakatipoteredza. Zvadaro, tichatsanangura zvikonzero zvikuru uye kuti mutengo wemagetsi unoenderana nei kuti tinzwisise chiitiko ichi uye kuti tingatarisana sei nedambudziko iri.
Mutengo wemagetsi unoenderana nei?
Mutengo wemagetsi haupinduri kune chimwe chinhu, asi unogadziriswa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinopindirana. Pakati pezvinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndezvokudhura kwe gasi chaiwo and of the CO2 chisi, kudiwa kwesimba panguva chaiyo uye pesvedzero ye simba rinowedzeredzwa. Zvimwe zvakakosha mitemo yehurumende, kugovera uye kudiwa chimiro mumusika uye geopolitical zvinhu, sehondo pakati peRussia neUkraine. Pazasi, tinotarisa zvinhu izvi zvakadzama uye kuti zvinokanganisa sei mutengo wekupedzisira watinobhadhara mwedzi wega wega.
1. Kuwedzera mumutengo wegasi rechisikigo
El gasi chaiwo Ndiyo imwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa masosi ekugadzira magetsi kuburikidza ne zvakasanganiswa denderedzwa. Kana mutengo wegesi mumisika yepasi rose uchikwira, mutengo wemagetsi unoitawo. Chikonzero chikuru chekuwedzera kwemutengo ndiko kukanganiswa kwekupa kubva kuRussia nekuda kwekukakavadzana neUkraine, izvo zvakaita kuti Europe, kusanganisira Spain, itsamire kune vamwe vatengesi vanodhura vakadai seAlgeria. Nekuda kweizvozvo, gasi rasvika pakupfuura 200 euros paMWh dzimwe nguva gore rakapera.
2. Mhedzisiro yemusika wemagetsi wemarginalist
Iyo yemitengo yemagetsi system muSpain inotevera modhi marginalist, umo tekinoroji inodhura zvakanyanya inouya mukushanda kuti ivhare zvinodiwa ndiyo inosimbisa mutengo wekupedzisira. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyange zvazvo chikamu chikuru chemagetsi chinogadzirwa nesimba rinogadziriswa, ndiyo mutengo wegesi, iyo inodhura, inoguma inosarudza mari iyo vatengi vanobhadhara. Mune mamwe mazwi, kunyangwe chikamu chikuru chemagetsi chichibva kunzvimbo dzakachipa dzakadai semhepo kana solar, kana kudiwa kuchida kutendeukira kumadhizaini akasanganiswa, mutengo wekubuda uchakwira zvakanyanya.
3. Kuwedzera kwemari ye CO2 emissions
Kurwisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, European Union yakaita a CO2 kodzero dzekuburitsa. Zvirimwa zvinovimba nemafuta ezvicherwa zvakaita segasi kana marasha zvinofanirwa kubhadhara toni yega yega kabhoni dhayokisaidhi yazvinoburitsa. Kodzero idzi dzakanyanya kudhura mumakore achangopfuura, uye mutengo wakapfuura 90 euros patani. Sezvakaita gasi, kuwedzera uku kune kukanganisa kwakananga pamabhiri evatengi.
4. Kuwedzera kudiwa kwemagetsi
Kudiwa kwemagetsi chimwe chinhu chakakosha. Munguva yekupisa kana kutonhora kwemafungu, kana kushandiswa kwemhepo yekupisa kana kupisa kunowedzera, vanogovera vanofanira kugadzira magetsi akawanda kuti asangane nezvinodiwa, izvo zvinokwidza mitengo. Ichi chiitiko chinonyanya kucherechedzwa panguva dzepamusoro penguva, uko kushandiswa kwemagetsi kwakakwira, izvo zvinogona kushandura mumitengo yakakwira.
Nei bhiri remagetsi richiramba richikwira muSpain
Huwandu hwezvinhu izvi zvese zvakaburitsa dutu rakakwana mukukwira kwemutengo wemagetsi. Pazasi, isu tinoongorora izvo chaizvo izvo zvakaita kuti bhiri remagetsi rirambe richikwira mumakore achangopfuura.
- El kusawirirana pakati peRussia neUkraine yakaita basa rinokosha, kukwira kwemitengo yegasi chaiyo uye, nokudaro, kukwidza mutengo wemagetsi. Izvi zvakakonzera kuwedzera kwenhoroondo mumutengo weMWh mumusika weSpanish wekutengesa, kusvika panhongonya dze €400/MWh.
- El kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwesimba panguva yakanyanyisa mamiriro ekunze anoitawo basa. Semuenzaniso, munguva yechando, kushandiswa kwekupisa kwemagetsi kunokura zvakanyanya, izvo zvinowedzera kudiwa uye, nokudaro, mutengo wemagetsi.
- La kuderedzwa kwekugadzirwa kwesimba renewable Mune mimwe mwedzi, nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemhepo kana zuva, kunobatsirawo kukwira kwemitengo. Renewables dzakachipa, asi kana dzisina kukwana dzakagadzirwa, tinofanira kushandisa simba rinodhura uye rinosvibisa.
- ari CO2 mari yekuburitsa Maemitter makuru akadai segasi nemarasha anobhadhara. Kuwedzera kwemitengo iyi, sechikamu chemutemo weEurope wekudzikisa hutsi, kwakakonzera kuwedzera kwemitengo yekugadzira magetsi.
Mitemo yehurumende kuderedza kukanganisa
Kudzikamisa kukwira kwemagetsi mudzimba nemakambani, Hurumende yeSpain yakatora matanho kubva muna Chikumi 2021, anozivikanwa zvakanyanya gasi mutengo chivharo, inozivikanwawo se iberian kunze. Chiyero ichi chinodzika mutengo wegasi rinoshandiswa kugadzira magetsi kusvika pakati pemakumi mana nemakumi mashanu emaeuro paMWh, nechinangwa chekudzikisa kuwandisa pamatenderedzwa akabatanidzwa. Pamusoro pezvo, hurumende yakabvumidza kudzikiswa VAT pa5% kune vatengi vemumba uye kugadzirwa kwe mapoka matsva emagetsi evanhu bhonasi.
El yemagetsi social bhonasi yanga iri imwe yembiru dzakakosha muchirongwa ichi, ichipa zvidzikiso zvinosvika makumi matanhatu neshanu muzana kune vatengi vanoonekwa sevasina njodzi, uye kusvika 65% kune avo vari munjodzi yakanyanya. Bhonasi iyi yakawedzerwawo kuzvikamu zvitsva zvemhuri dzine mari shoma, nokudaro ichifarira mhuri dzakawanda dzinogona kunzi hadzina simba.
Pazvirongwa izvi pakawedzerwa mimwe mitemo yekuvandudza kushandiswa kwemagetsi munyika kwenguva yakareba yakaita semitemo yekusimudzira. kuzvishandisa and the rubatsiro rwekuisa photovoltaic simba.
Mamwe matanho ekudzikisa bhiri remagetsi
Pamusoro pematanho ekugadzirisa ekudzivirira kuwedzera kukuru munguva pfupi, vatengi vanogona zvakare kuita nhevedzano yehurongwa hwekudzikisa mashandisiro avo emagetsi uye, nekudaro, bhiri ravo. Zvimwe zvezvinonyanya kushanda zvinosanganisira:
- Kuvandudza kushandiswa kwesimba: Kusarudza midziyo inoshanda ine kirasi A simba certification inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa.
- Kuiswa kwe photovoltaic systems: Kuzvishandisa pachako kuburikidza nemagetsi ezuva ndeimwe yedzimwe nzira dzakasimba uye dzine mari, sezvo inokubvumira kuti ugadzire simba rako pachako uye kuderedza kuvimba nemakambani makuru emagetsi.
- Optimization yezvirongwa zvekushandisa: Kushandisa midziyo yakadai semuchina wokuwachisa kana muchina wekugezesa dhishi panguva yekusava nepamusoro-soro (mangwanani-ngwanani kana kupera kwevhiki) kunogona kuita mutsauko mubhadharo yekupedzisira.
Zviri pachena kuti kukwira kwebhiri remagetsi muSpain kunopindura kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvepasirese, nyika uye zvimiro mumusika wemagetsi zvinobata vese vatengi vepamba nemakambani. Nekudaro, nematanho akakodzera uye kuzvipira kukuru kune simba rinogona kudzokororwa, zvinokwanisika kudzikisira kukanganisa uku munguva pfupi iri kutevera.