Chirongwa che chirimwa chegirini chehydrogen munharaunda yeLa JoyaMunharaunda yeMalaga yeAntequera, chirongwa ichi chave chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kutaurwa nezvenhaurirano dzezvemamiriro ekunze nezvematongerwo enyika munharaunda iyi. Chirongwa ichi, chakasimudzirwa nekambani yeSiroco Hydrogen 2 SL nezita rayo. Chishongo cheH2Chinangwa chayo ndechekuisa nzvimbo iyi pamepu yeEurope yemafuta akachena uye Mupata wehydrogen muAndalusiaAsi zvakakonzera kutya pakati pemasangano nevagari.
Kunyange hazvo Hurumende yeDunhu reAndalusian ichiramba iine maitiro ekupa ruzivo rweveruzhinji uye mvumo yakabatanidzwa yezvakatipoteredzaDare reGuta reAntequera pamwe nemapuratifomu akasiyana-siyana evagari vakasimudzira manzwi avo vachipikisa zvavanoona sechirongwa chisina kuenzana chenzvimbo ine hanya zvikuru kubva pamaonero echisikigo, enzvimbo uye enhaka.
Chirongwa chikuru che hydrogen chegirini pakati penzvimbo iyi
Chishongo cheH2 Yakarongwa senzvimbo yekugadzira hydrogen yakasvibirira iri makiromita matatu kubva mumusha weLa Joya, mu ivhu rekumaruwa mukati meguta reAntequeraNzvimbo yacho yaizovimba nesimba remagetsi rinoita kuti zvinhu zviome 250 megawatts, yakabatana nezvivakwa zvakakosha zvekugadzira zvinhu zvinogona kuvandudzwa uye mune matekinoroji akadai se Maerekitirogiramu ePEM.
Zvichienderana nemagwaro aripo pachena, chirongwa ichi chinosanganisira mamodules akawanda e electrolysis, zvivakwa zve process uye michina yekubatsirakutora nyaya inopfuura 134.000 mativi emamita pedyo nemusha. Simba rinodiwa kugadzira hydrogen rinobva ku chirimwa chezuva che photovoltaic ye283 MW, yakagoverwa pakati pemaguta eAntequera neAlmogÃa, uye ye purazi remhepo rine simba rinenge 16 MW iri muAntequera zvachose.
Kuti kugadzirwe kwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu kugadzikane, chirongwa ichi chinosanganisirawo kuchengetedza system nemabhatiri e lithium-ion, akagadzirirwa kushandisa mukana wekugadzirwa kwesimba rinodzokororwa uye kuvimbisa kuwanikwa kwemagetsi nguva dzose kuma electrolyzers. Simba rese iroro raizonyanya kuunganidzwa mu zviteshi zviviri mafekitori emagetsi aizopa simba zvakananga kufekitori yehydrogen.
Hydrogen inogadzirwa haizorambi iri panzvimbo iyi: mugadziri anoronga kuifambisa ne pombi chaiyo yehydrogen kune imwe fekitori yeindasitiri yakagadzirirwa kugadzirwa mafuta ekugadziraIzvi zvinosanganisira mafuta ekufambisa ndege anochengetedza nharaunda, anogadziriswa nenzira yakasiyana yekutonga. Maitiro aya anoenderana nemaitiro eEurope ekubvisa kabhoni muzvinhu zvinorema uye kutakurwa kwendege, uko Spain inotsvaga kuzvipa chinzvimbo chakakosha.
Padanho rezvehupfumi nemagariro evanhu, Siroco Hydrogen 2 inofungidzira kuti panguva ye Chikamu chekuvaka chinogona kugadzira mabasa anosvika zana nemakumi maviri nemashanu kwenguva pfupi, iyo yaizowedzerwa kumativi ose mabasa anosvika makumi matatu echigarire muchikamu chekushanda, uye kugadzira zvitsva mikana yemabasaKambani iyi inotarisa mari inoshandiswa mukuchinja kwesimba uye kusiyanisa kwemaindasitiri mukati medunhu reMalaga.
Kushandiswa zvakanyanya kwemvura yakadzorerwa uye cheni yeindasitiri yakaoma
Chimwe chezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvepurojekiti iyi ndeche mvura yemagetsiIyi inyaya inonyanya kushungurudza tichifunga nezvekusanaya kwemvura kuri kuitika kuri kukanganisa chikamu chikuru cheAndalusia. Chirimwa ichi chinoronga kushandisa Mvura yakatorwa kubva kufekitari yekuchenesa mvura yakasviba yeGuadalhorce, muMalaga, iyo yaizosvika kuLa Joya kuburikidza ne pombi ine kureba kwemakiromita anopfuura makumi maviri nemanomwe yakagadzirirwa chinangwa ichi.
Kana yasvika panzvimbo iyi, mvura yaiitwa mabasa akasiyana-siyana kusefa, reverse osmosis uye electrodeionization kuti uwane demineralized mvuraIzvi zvakakosha kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti michina yemagetsi inoshanda. Chikamu chetsvina yakacheneswa chichashandiswazve mumaindasitiri ari pedyo, nechinangwa chekuderedza kushandiswa kwemvura uye kuvhara kutenderera kwemvura zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
Chirongwa ichi hachingogumiri pakugadzira hydrogen chete. Mukati mehurongwa hweindasitiri hwakabatana, mugadziri anoronga kuwana... biomethane, green methanol uye mafuta ekufambisa ndege anoenderera mberi (e-SAF)Izvi zvaizoshandura La Joya kuita nzvimbo ine simba risingashandise kabhoni yakawanda. Magwaro akaburitswa anotaura nezvehuwandu hwema "gigawatt-hours" e "biomethane" uye makumi ezviuru zvematani e "e-SAF" pagore, akagadzirirwa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nebazi rezvekufambisa nevatengi vemaindasitiri makuru.
Uyu kusiyanisa zvigadzirwa zvesimba Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kufungidzirwa nevamwe vagari. Mapoka evagari anosimbisa kuti, pasi pezita rekutanga rekuti "green hydrogen plant," pane indasitiri yakaoma zvikuru izvo zvinosanganisirawo nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza marara emhuka uye kurapwa kwemarara ezvisikwa, pamwe nemigumisiro yakawedzerwa maererano nekufamba kwevanhu vakawanda, kunhuwa uye kutarisira zvinhu.
Kupikisa kwakasimba kweDare reGuta reAntequera
Mhinduro yakasimba yemasangano yakabva Kanzuru yeGuta reAntequeraBhodhi Rinotungamira Nzvimbo rakagara richibvumidza Kurambwa pachena uye pachena kwechirongwa cheLa Joya H2chinzvimbo chakaratidzwa muzvibvumirano zvepamutemo uye mukupa zvirevo gumi nerimwe zvakananga pamberi peJunta de AndalucÃa, mukati mehurongwa hwakabatanidzwa hwekubvumidza zvakatipoteredza.
Mumashoko akatumirwa kuTerritorial Delegation of Sustainability and Environment, Dare reGuta rinoyambira nezve "mamiriro ezvinhu akakomba, akabatana, uye anosvika kure" maererano nenzvimbo, nharaunda, nhaka yenhoroondo, uye hupenyu hwevanhu veko. Meya, Manuel Barón, akasimbisa mumashoko ake eruzhinji kuti masipala anotsigira budiriro yeindasitiri uye simba rinodzokororwaAsi "kwete chero mutengo," achisimbisa kuti guta "harigoni kutora njodzi" iyo, mukuona kwake, inoisa pangozi nharaunda yechisikigo uye muenzaniso weguta unodzivirirwa mumakore achangopfuura.
Chikwata chehurumende chinosimbisa kuti kurambwa uku hakusi nekuda kwe zvinangwa zvepfungwa, asi kuti musimboti wekuchenjera pamberi pepurojekiti inotsanangurwa seye "hukuru" uye ine kukanganisa kwehurumende yepamusoroSaka Dare reGuta rinozviratidza sechivimbiso chezvido zvevanhu vose, richisimbisa kuti maitiro ezvakatipoteredza anofanira kuongorora zvakadzama mishumo yega yega yehunyanzvi inopihwa nevashandi vekanzuru.
Dare remakurukota rakatotumira zviri pamutemo chinzvimbo charo kuHurumende yeDunhu reAndalusian kuitira kuti chigotariswa musarudzo ye Integrated Environmental Authorizationuye yakapa zvipikiso munguva yekupa pfungwa dzevanhu. Muzvipikiso izvi, inoti pindura nenzira ine chido kune zvese zvakacherechedzwa zvehunyanzvi, zvese zvine chekuita nehupenyu hwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana nenzvimbo pamwe chete nekuronga maguta uye kuenderana nekuronga kuri kuitwa.
El Torcal, maDolmens netsika dzenhaka dziri pakati pehurukuro
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha muboka rinopikisa masangano ndicho pedyo kwechirimwa chegirini chehydrogen nenzvimbo yechisikigo yeTorcal de Antequera, nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa inosanganisirwa mu Natura 2000 Network uye vakaratidza vese vari vaviri Nzvimbo Yakakosha Yekuchengetedza (SAC) Chemhondoro Special Protection Area yeShiri (ZEPA)Kunyangwe hazvo zvivakwa zvisiri mukati memiganhu yenzvimbo iyi, masevhisi ehunyanzvi emakanzuru anofunga kuti zvinogona kukanganisa nzvimbo dzezvakatipoteredza nenzvimbo dzekugara kwemarudzi akachengetedzwa.
Mishumo yeGuta reMusha inonyevera nezve njodzi yekubonderana kweshiri nezviremwaremwa nematurbine emhepo uye tambo dzemagetsi dzine chekuita neprojekiti, pamwe chete nezvingangoitika migumisiro yezvipingamupinyi uye kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo yekugara munzvimbo inokosha zvikuru kumhuka dzesango. Kusimbiswa kunoiswawo pa mamiriro ekunze yezvivakwa zvirefu—zvakadai sematurbine emhepo, machimuni neshongwe—pamusoro penzvimbo yakasiyana iyo inoumba imwe yenzvimbo huru dzevashanyi nedzechisikigo munharaunda iyi.
Pamusoro pekukanganisa kwechisikigo, pane kunetseka nezve nzvimbo yakapoteredza Antequera Dolmens Site, akazivisa UNESCO World HeritageDare remakurukota rinoyambira nezvezvingangoitika mamiriro ekuona uye enzvimbo Munzvimbo umo kusimba kwenzvimbo kwakakosha pasi rose, kuvapo kwezvivakwa zvikuru zvemaindasitiri, vanoti, kunogona kuchinja maonero enzvimbo iyi ine makomo makuru uye hukama hwayo nenzvimbo dzakapoteredza.
Matekiniki emaguta ari kutarisawo pane zvimwe zvinhu zvenhaka, zvakaita se nzvimbo yekuchera matongo yePuerto del Perro, kusanganisira nzvimbo yayo yekuchengetera. Mukufunga kwake, kuvakwa nekushanda kwefekitori kunogona kutungamira ku njodzi dzekukuvara kwezvinocherwa mumatongo kuburikidza nekugadzira zvinhu zvepasi uye kuiswa kwenzvimbo itsva dzekufambisa nedzebasa.
Kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, motokari dzinofamba mumigwagwa uye hutano hwevanhu zviri kutariswa
Kunze kwenzvimbo nenzvimbo dzenhaka chete, Dare reGuta nemapuratifomu evagari vakanyora zvakasiyana-siyana zve zvingangokanganisa nharaunda nemagariro evanhu ine chekuita nechirimwa chehydrogen pamwe nenzvimbo yeindasitiri yakabatana. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kutaurwa nezvacho inyaya yekuti kunaka kwemweyanekusava nechokwadi pamusoro kusvibiswa kwemhepo, kugadzirwa kwehwema uye kusvibiswa kwechiedza zvichibva mumabasa emaindasitiri.
Zvinopomerwa nekanzuru zvinotaura nezve njodzi yekusvibiswa kwemvura yemumvura, hova uye mvura inoyererapanguva yekuvaka uye yekushanda. Kunyangwe chirongwa ichi chichiti chinoshandisa mvura yakawanikwa kubva muchina wekuchenesa mvura yakasviba, pane kunetseka kuti, mumamiriro ezvinhu ekushomeka kwemvura kana matambudziko ehunyanzvi, chinogona kupedzisira chashandisa zviwanikwa zvemvura yepasi pevhu izvo zvinotsigirwa nemabasa ekurima nenzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzevanhu.
El kuwedzera kwemotokari dzakawanda Iyi imwe pfungwa inokosha. Kutakurwa kwezvinhu, michina, uye, pazvinenge zvichibvira, marara ane chekuita nezvikamu zvakasiyana zvekugadzirwa kwaizosanganisira kuwedzera kukuru kwenhamba yemarori vanofamba mumigwagwa midiki yekumaruwa ine nzvimbo dzakaoma. Mishumo yemaguta nemasangano emunharaunda vanobvunza kana network yemigwagwa iripo yakagadzirwa here? kuti ikwanise kutsungirira huwandu ihwohwo, nekuda kwekuora kwainogona kukonzera pamusoro pemigwagwa uye kuwedzera kwenjodzi kukuchengetedzwa kwemigwagwa.
Kusimbiswa kunoiswawo pa kukanganisa migwagwa yekumaruwa, nzira dzezvipfuyo nevhu rakachengetedzwaIzvi zvinhu zvakakosha pabasa rekurima nerezvipfuyo kumaodzanyemba kweEl Torcal. Pane kutya kuti kufambiswa kwemotokari dzinorema nekuvakwa kwemigwagwa mitsva zvichachinja zvachose kushandiswa kwenyika iyi, zvichikanganisa mapurazi, mabasa ezvipfuyo, nemabhizinesi ane chekuita nekushanya kumaruwa.
Munharaunda chaiyo, masangano nevagari vanoratidza mukana wekuti kuora kwehupenyu hwakanaka zvichibva paruzha, kuvapo kwemotokari dzinofamba mumaindasitiri nguva dzose, kushanduka kwenzvimbo, uye kusava nechokwadi nezvemafambiro emhepo. kudzikiswa kwemitengo yedzimba dzekumaruwa nenzvimbo dzekugara munzvimbo umo nzvimbo nerunyararo zviri chikamu chakakosha chekukwezva kwehupfumi.
Kurambwa kwevanhu uye kuunganidzwa kwenharaunda muLa Joya nekumaodzanyemba kweTorcal
Kusawirirana kwakapoteredza fekitari yehydrogen kwapfuura nzvimbo yekutonga chete uye kwapararira mumigwagwa. Munharaunda yekumaodzanyemba kweEl Torcal, kwave nekurambwa kwevanhu vakawanda munharaunda kune chiito ichi, kunyanya pakati pevagari vemuLa Joya nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekumaruwa dziri pedyo, avo vanonzwa vachikanganiswa zvakananga nenzvimbo yeramangwana yezvivakwa zvemaindasitiri.
Pakati penharo dzakapihwa nevagari ndedzekuti kuva pedyo kwenzvimbo yacho nedzimba nenzvimbo dzakaparariraine nzvimbo dzine vanhu vari pasi pemakiromita maviri kubva pafekitori yakarongwa. Mapuratifomu evagari vemo anofungidzira kuti Kurova kwacho kwakananga kunogona kusvika vanhu vanosvika zviuru zviviriVazhinji vavo vagara vachibatanidzwa nekurima, kurima zvipfuyo, uye kushanya kumaruwa. "Hatisi kutaura nezvenzvimbo isina vanhu," vatauriri vavo vanopfupikisa, vachisimbisa kuti dunhu iri ratova ne hupfumi hunoshanda zvavanotya kuti zvichakanganiswa.
Mapoka akadai se Mapurazi Emhepo 'Haasi Pedyo neEl Torcal' and the Sangano reRio Grande Natural Valley vakasimudzira misangano yeruzivo muLa Joya nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekutsanangura zviri muchirongwa ichi uye kuronga kutumirwa kwezvipikiso. Misangano iyi inotarisa zvese zviri zviviri nzvimbo chaiyo yeindasitiri—iyo inopfuura hydrogen kusvika pakugadzira biomass nemafuta ekugadzira—uye dzimwe nzira dzekuvandudza idzo vagari vanoona sedzisina njodzi kune zvakatipoteredza.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kushungurudza ndechekuti chirimwa chebiomass uye kurapwa kwemarara ezvekurima nezvipfuyo ine chekuita nehurongwa hwemaindasitiri. Kusava nechokwadi pamusoro pehuwandu hwemarori anopinda nemarara, zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera kunhuwa, uye kukanganisa kwazvinoita Mufananidzo wenzvimbo yakasarudza kushanya kwezvisikwaVatsoropodzi vechirongwa ichi vanosimbisa kuti, mukuona kwavo, kuedza kupinza indasitiri yakakura munzvimbo ine hunhu hwekumaruwa nenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa.
Mapuratifomu aya anosimbirira kuti maonero avo haana kubva pakuramba simba rinogona kudzokororwa kana hydrogen yakasvibirira, asi pakudiwa kwe "hutano hweveruzhinji nekudzivirira"Vanoti muenzaniso wekuchinja kwesimba unofanira kurongwa nekutora chikamu kukuru munharaunda uye kuremekedza miganhu yezvakatipoteredza yenzvimbo yega yega, kunyanya kana nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzinozivikanwa padanho reEurope nepasi rose dziri panjodzi.
Kusawirirana mune zvematongerwo enyika uye maonero akasiyana
Gakava riri pamusoro pechigadzirwa chehydrogen cheLa Joya rakakonzerawo matambudziko mune zvematongerwo enyika munharaunda. Chikwata chinotungamira cheAntequera City Council chakapomera vatungamiriri vemapato anopikisa, kunyanya avo ve Socialist bato, ivo "kuparadzira manyepo" and of "alarm" kuvagari nemashoko ayo, mukuona kwavo, asingaratidzi chokwadi chemaitiro acho. Meya akasimbisa pachena kuti Dare reGuta ratora gwaro re nzvimbo yakajeka yekuramba uye kuti izvi zvakanyorwa pamberi peJunta de AndalucÃa.
Zvisinei, kubva pazvinzvimbo zvemasocialist, hurumende yemuguta yakatsoropodzwa nekuda kwekuita kwayo yakaganhurirwa pakuratidzwa kwezvipomerwa pasina kutanga nekushandisa nzira yekutaurirana nevagari vemuLa Joya, Los Nogales, La Higuera, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakakanganiswa. Vatauriri vePSOE vakakumbira kuti Dare reGuta riite izvi. Wedzera ruzivo rwakananga kune veruzhinji uye vanoda kuti atsigire sarudzo dzakaitwa nevagari maererano nechirongwa ichi.
Kutsinhana uku kwekupomerana kwawedzera chikamu che kusawirirana kwezvematongerwo enyika Izvi zvinowedzera gakava rave rakaoma, uko zvido zvehupfumi, zvezvakatipoteredza, uye zvemagariro evanhu zvinosangana. Panguva iyi, sarudzo yekupedzisira pamusoro pemvumo yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza yeLa Joya H2 iri mumaoko eHurumende yeDunhu reAndalusian, iyo inofanira kupa mutongo wayo mushure mekuongorora seti yemishumo, zvirevo uye zvidzidzo zvakapihwa panguva yekuzivisa veruzhinji.
Zvichakadaro, nyaya yeAntequera iri kuteverwa zvakanyanya nedzimwe nyika dzemuEurope dziri mukuita kwe mapurojekiti emafuta ehydrogen corridors uye mapurojekiti emafuta ekugadziraNzira iyo nyaya iyi inogadziriswa nayo inogona kuva chiyero chekufambira mberi mune ramangwana munzvimbo dzekumaruwa dzine kukosha kukuru kwechisikigo uye nhaka, uko shanduko yesimba inotarisana nedambudziko rekugadzirisa zvinangwa zvemamiriro ekunze ne kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo uye kubatanidzwa munharaunda.
Kugadziriswa kwechirimwa chegirini chehydrogen muLa Joya kwave chiratidzo chechokwadi chekuti mapurojekiti ari kutungamirwa sei muSpain neEurope. mapurojekiti makuru esimba munzvimbo dzisina kusimbaPatafura pane, kune rumwe rutivi, kubheja pa nzvimbo yemaindasitiri yakabatana nehydrogen inogona kushandiswazve Kune rumwe rutivi, pane kudiwa kwemafuta akachena, uye kune rumwe rutivi, kudzivirirwa kwenzvimbo yakasiyana, mabasa ekumaruwa akabatanidzwa, uye hupenyu hweavo vanogara kumaodzanyemba kweEl Torcal; mhedzisiro yehondo iyi ichanyanya kusarudza mafambiro ekuchinja kwesimba munzvimbo dzakadai seAntequera.
