Municipality yeMurcian ye Las Torres de Cotillas yamisa zvakanyanya kuiswa kwefekitori hombe yebiomethane nebiofertilizer. kunze kweguta rayo. Yakaita izvi nenzira yakananga: a kubvunzana kwevanhu kwakabatana umo ruzhinji rwevavhoti rwakazvimisa vachipikisa chirongwa ichi.
Pazuva rakaratidzirwa nemvura, mitsetse panzvimbo dzekuvhotera uye huwandu husina kujairika hwekuunganidza vanhu kuti vauye kusarudzo dzemakanzuru, Dunhu iri rakaratidza pachena kuti haridi kuti chirongwa ichi chemaindasitiri chive mudunhu rayo.Sarudzo iyi, yekutanga muDunhu reMurcia uye isingawanzoitiki muSpain, Zvinovhura gakava guru pamusoro pekuti zvivakwa zvemagetsi zvinokanganisa nharaunda yepedyo yevagari zvinosarudzwa sei.
Kurambwa kwemuti we biomethane kwave kuda kuitwa nevose
Zvinoenderana neruzivo rwepamutemo rwakatumirwa neDare reGuta, Vanhu 7.255 vakaenda kusarudzo, zvinoreva kutora chikamu kwe 37,38% yecensusZviri pamusoro pe35% yemuganho wakatarwa sechisungo chekuti referendum ive inosunga. Nhamba iyi, kunyange zvazvo isiri yevanhu vakawanda vakavhota, yakakwana kupa simba kune zvairatidzwa nemavhoti.
Pose, Mavhoti 6.996 aipikisa fekitari yebiogas, zvichienzaniswa nemavhoti 238 chete aitsigira chirongwa ichi. Pamusoro pezvo, mavhoti gumi asina chinhu uye mavhoti gumi nerimwe asina kushanda akanyorwa, zvichisiya mhedzisiro yakajeka yezvematongerwo enyika nemagariro evanhu: Vanhu vanosvika 96-97% vakaramba kusarudzwanepo chikamu chidiki chete ndicho chakavhota kuti "hongu".
Ruzivo urwu rwakasimbiswa neKanzuru yeGuta reTorreño uye zvakasimbiswa nekomiti yekutarisa yeYunivhesiti yeMurcia (UMU), ane basa rekutarisira vimbiso dzemaitiro acho. Mumugwagwa, mhinduro yacho yakakurumidza kuitika: masikati, vagari vakawanda vakaungana vachipemberera zvavakatsanangura se "kukunda kwevanhu" pakati pekuombera maoko, nziyo, uye masirogani achirwisa chivakwa chikuru ichi.
Mutauriri weSocialist mudunhu, Francisco Jesu López ManzaneraAkapfupikisa hukuru hwemhedzisiro yacho nekusimbisa kuti "inenge 97% yemavhoti aive 'kwete'." Kubva pamaonero ake neake nebato rake, Shoko rakatumirwa kuDare reGuta nekambani yekuvandudza "rakajeka uye rakananga"., uye zvinomanikidza kuvharwa kwerudzi urwu rwenzvimbo mukati meguta, zvirinani maererano nehurongwa hwaive hwarongwa pari zvino.
Meya, Pedro José Noguera (PP)Akafungawo kuti nyaya yacho yagadziriswa, achisimbirira kuti mhedzisiro yacho Zvicharemekedzwa nekuti kubvunzana kwacho kwakagadzirirwa vanhu kuti vasarudze.Akayeuka kuti chirongwa ichi chakatorwa kubva kudare reparamende rekare uye akasimbisa kuti kuzvipira kwake "kwakasimba uye kwakavimbika" kwaive kugamuchira mhedzisiro yacho, chero chingave chii, chero bedzi huwandu hwevanopinda hwasvika.
Kubvunzana kwekanzuru kusati kwamboitika, kuzere nezviratidzo
Vhoti yakaitirwa muLas Torres de Cotillas yanga isiri ongororo yekubvunzana. Uku ndiko kubvunzana kwevanhu kwekutanga padanho remakurukota kwakabvumidzwa neHurumende yeSpain muDunhu reMurcia. uye chimwe chezvishoma chakaitwa munyika yese pachirongwa cheindasitiri chakasiyana, chine mhedzisiro inosunga.
Maitiro acho akatanga zviri pamutemo musi wa January 30 we2025, apo kanzuru yemuguta yakabvumidza kukumbira Mvumo yehurumende yepakati yekuendesa chirongwa ichi kuvhoti yevagariMvumo iyoyo yakasvika 3 June we2025, mushure mekubvumidzwa neDare reVakuru veMakurukota uye kusimbiswa kuti chirongwa ichi chaitevedzera hurongwa hwebumbiro remitemo uye Mutemo Unodzora Hwaro hweHurongwa hweHurumende yeMunharaunda, izvo zvinochengetera Hurumende simba rekupa mazano erudzi urwu.
Kubva ipapo, Dare reGuta rakagadzira hurongwa hwekubvunzana ne mubvunzo mumwe chete, une mhinduro yekuti "hongu" kana "kwete"Nezvekuiswa kwefekitori yebiomethane nebiofertilizer uchishandisa marara eorganic mudunhu, Yunivhesiti yeMurcia (UMU) yakabatana mukusarudza chiyero chidiki chekupinda muvanhu, chakaiswa pa35% yekuverengwa kwevanhu, uye yakatorawo chikamu semucherechedzi pazuva resarudzo uye mukuverengwa kwemavhoti.
Mumavhiki apfuura, meya akasimbirira kuti maitiro acho aive "zviri pachena kupfuura sarudzo dzemakanzuru kana dzenyika"Akatsigira kuvapo kwevakuru vakuru panzvimbo dzese dzekuvhotera, mukana wekuvhota nekukurumidza, uye kuvapo kwevacherechedzi vekunze kuti vasimbise chivimbo mumhedzisiro. Akatoti akakumbira kuti kunyorwa kwehuwandu hwemavhoti kunyoreswe kuitira kudzivirira kufungira chero kupi zvako.
Mukufanana, UMU yakaronga zviitiko zveruzivo nenyanzvi Musangano uyu wakatarisana nezvezvakatipoteredza, kuronga mashandisirwo evhu, uye simba, uye waisanganisira vamiriri vekambani iri kusimudzira fekitori iyi, nhengo dzepuratifomu yenharaunda dzaipikisa, pamwe nevamwe vane chekuita nazvo vakazvimiririra. Chinangwa chakataurwa chaive chekupa ruzivo rwehunyanzvi veruzhinji vasati vaenda kunovhota, vachiedza kuderedza kusawirirana kwezvematongerwo enyika kwakapoteredza nyaya iyi.
Chirongwa chemamiriyoni emadhora neEnagás Renovable
Kuiswa kwacho, uko kwakarambwa nevanhu, kwakasimudzirwa ne Enagás Renewable, chikamu chekambani yeEnagás yeSpain ine nyika dzakawanda inonyanya kugadzira magasi anogona kushandiswazve. Chirongwa ichi chaisanganisira kuvaka fekitori inokwanisa kuchenesa matani angangoita 150.000 emarara echisikigo pagore, kunyanya ndove nezvipfuyo zvinobva mumapurazi ari pedyo nekanzuru.
Mari yakarongwa yekudyara yadarika 36 mamiriyoni emamiriyoninechinangwa chekugadzira biomethane yekupinza mugasi uye mafetiraiza e bio anokonzerwa ne anaerobic kugayaChaizvoizvo, raive purojekiti yakabatana neEuropean decarbonization uye nzira dzehupfumi hwenyika dzakatenderera, dzinokurudzira kushandiswa kwesimba rekurima, zvipfuyo nemarara emaguta senzira yekutsiva mafuta efossil.
Zvisinei, nzvimbo yakasarudzwa—makiromita angangoita mashanu kubva pakati peguta—uye kukura kwechirongwa chacho Vakaratidza kunetseka kubva pakutanga. Mapoka evagari pamwe nechikamu chevanopikisa vekanzuru vakanyevera nezvekukanganisa kunogona kuitika pamhando yemhepo, kufamba kwakawanda kwemotokari kunokonzerwa nekufamba kwemarori nguva dzose, uye migumisiro inogona kuitika pahutano hwevanhu vari pedyo.
Mugadziri akataura kuti fekitori iyi yaive matekinoroji ekurapa nekudzora kusvibiswa kwezvinhu zvinobuda mumhepo akafanana neemamwe mahofisi ekuEurope uye kuti zvaizobatsira mukuderedza magasi anokonzera kudziya kwepasi nekushandisa marara ayo aizogadzira methane zvisingadzoreki. Pasinei nepfungwa idzi, Mamiriro ekunze evanhu akashanduka kusvika pakurambana kunenge kwakafanana nekwavo, sezvakasimbiswa nemabhokisi ekuvhota.
Kunze kweLas Torres de Cotillas, kukundwa kwechirongwa ichi kwave kutotsanangurwa mumashoko edunhu neEurope: Midziyo mikuru yebiogas nebiomethane inoratidzwa sechinhu chakakosha chekuchinja kwesimbaZvisinei, vanosangana nekusagadzikana kuri kuwedzera munharaunda kana njodzi kuhupenyu hwemunhu kana mutoro wakakura munzvimbo dzakati wandei ukaonekwa; mienzaniso yazvino inosanganisira kuchengetedzwa kweprojekiti muCantabria.
Mirai Biogas uye kuunganidza vanhu munharaunda: gore rekurwira neDare reGuta
Mhedzisiro yekubvunzana haigone kunzwisiswa pasina basa revagari vepuratifomu Misa Biogas Las Torres de Cotillasiyo yave iri simba guru rekupikisa chirongwa ichi kubva pakatanga kuziviswa ruzivo rwekutanga nezvefekitori. Nhengo dzayo dzakaronga kuratidzira, hurukuro dzeruzivo, misangano yekukumbira, uye mushandirapamwe wakasimba wekutaura nemuromo munharaunda nenzvimbo dziri kure; maitiro akafanana akaonekwa mune mamwe madhorobha, akadai se kuunganidzwa kwevanhu muLorca.
Mutungamiri wayo, José Hernández PedreroAva mumwe wevanhu vanonyanya kuzivikanwa muboka iri. Kwemwedzi yakati wandei akanga achinyevera kuti, maererano nemaonero ake, Kukwanisa kwefekitori chaiyo kwaizove kwakakwira kupfuura nhamba dzekupedzisira dzakapihwa., achiratidza shanduro dzakasiyana-siyana pamusoro pematani emarara aifanira kugadziriswa, ayo, anoti, akanga ari pamusoro pematani 150.000 anozivikanwa pari zvino.
Hernández akaenzanisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu ne «kuvaka hotera ine nhurikidzwa gumi uye kuvimbisa kuti nhurikidzwa yekutanga chete ndiyo ichashandiswa"Iyi yaive fananidzo yaida kuratidza kusavimba kwenharaunda pamusoro pekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemarara anorapwa mune ramangwana. Puratifomu iyi yakatarisanawo nekuwedzera kwemotokari dzakawanda, ichifungidzira kusvika ku Marori makumi masere anopinda uye nhamba imwe chete inobuda zuva nezuvaMazhinji acho azere netsvina yemhuka; nyaya iyi inobatanidza nharo pamusoro pe kudzora kwemarara kwakadzama.
Imwe nharo huru yave iri yezvehutano. Sekureva kwepuratifomu, nyanzvi dzezvehutano nezvakatipoteredza dzakapinda muhurukuro dzeveruzhinji Vakanyevera nezvemigumisiro inogona kuitika yemamwe maburi emhepo pavanhu vane zvirwere zvekufema, pamwe nenjodzi dzinobatanidzwa nekubuda kwemvura mumaitiro asina mweya, kunyange zvazvo mamiriro ezvinhu aya akakomba asingaonekwe seasingabviri kana paine dhizaini nemazvo; nyaya dzakafanana dzakataurwa muna mamwe maitiro emunharaunda.
Uyezve, Stop Biogas yakanyevera nezve kukanganisa kukura kwenzvimbo yeindasitiriMukufunga kwake, nzvimbo iri kurongwa inogona kukanganisa kuumbwa kwemakambani ezvekudya munzvimbo iri pedyo uye inogona kuva chipingamupinyi kune mamwe mabasa ekubudirira, mudunhu rine makiromita 39 chete uko mukana wekubatanidza mashandisirwo emaindasitiri nedzimba wakaganhurirwa.
Zviitiko zvekuverengwa kwevanhu, kupomerwa mhosva yekukanganisa, uye kupikiswa kwezvematongerwo enyika
Kunyangwe vanhu vakawanda vachigutsikana nekupfuura 35% yekutora chikamu, puratifomu nechikamu chevanopikisa vakashora kusarongeka kwakasiyana-siyana kwesangano nematambudziko ekuverengwa kwevanhu izvo, mukufunga kwake, zvakatadzisa kuunganidza vhoti rekuti "kwete" uye zvakabvisa mazana emavhoti anogona kuvhotwa.
Pakati pezvinonyanya kunyunyuta ndeizvi: kuderedzwa kwenhamba yenzvimbo dzekuvhotera zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nziraKuchinja kwekugoverwa kwenzvimbo dzekuvhotera mumigwagwa yakati wandei uye chitarisiko chemhuri dzakapararira munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekuvhotera kwaivewo nyaya. Vamwe vagari vakaona pazuva resarudzo kuti vaifanira kuenda kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekuvhotera kupfuura zvakajairika, izvo zvakakonzera mitsetse, kuvhiringidzika, uye kushushikana.
Stop Biogas nevamiriri vePSOE yemuno vanotiwo zvakaitika kusaparadzirwa kwemasangano kwekukumbira sarudzo nekuvhota nekukurumidzaChikuva nemapato anopikisa zvaive nebasa rekuzivisa vanhu pasuo nesuo uye kuburikidza nesocial media. Sekureva kwemishumo, vamwe vavhoti vakanyoresa vakanga vasvitsa makore gumi nemasere mushure mekuburitswa kwechirevo chekutanga chereferendamu vakakwanisa kuvhota chete mushure mekuenda kuTown Hall kunotora chitupa chaicho, nenzira inotsanangurwa se "inononoka" uye "inorema."
Hernández Pedrero pachake anoti "Zvese zvakakandwa munzira yekusvika 35%."Kunyangwe muganho wekupedzisira wakapfuudzwa. Dai zviitiko izvi zvisina kuitika uye mamiriro ekunze akanaka, puratifomu iyi inoti 'mavhoti anoda kusvika chiuru' angadai akawedzerwa pakuverengwa."
Kubva kuhurumende yemuno, Meya Noguera akabvuma matambudziko chaiwo mukuverengwa kwevanhu, akadai sekutsakatika kwemigwagwa kana mhuri dzisina kunyorwazvichivapa matambudziko ehunyanzvi uye kuwedzera kwerejista yesarudzo kuti isanganisire vagari vekune dzimwe nyika vane kodzero dzekuvhota. Zvisinei, inoti, pasinei nematambudziko, mitemo yedemokrasi yakaderera yakavimbiswa uye kuti Yunivhesiti yeMurcia yave nechokwadi chekuti maitiro acho akavimbika.
PSOE naPodemos: dudziro yezvematongerwo enyika uye kuda vimbiso dzakawanda
Panyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika, kubvunzana uku kwakawedzera musiyano uripo pakati pechikwata chehurumende nevanopikisa. PSOE yemuno inoti maitiro ese akamanikidzwa nekumanikidzwa kwevanhu. uye kuti Dare reGuta rakaita zvinhu kunonoka uye nenzira isina kujeka, pakutanga richizvibatanidza nekambani iri kusimudzira.
López Manzanera akataura kakawanda kuti kugoverwa kwenzvimbo dzemakanzuru dzezviitiko zveruzivo rwekambaniKuiswa kwemaposita ekukurudzira uye kunonoka kuparadzirwa kwemashoko akakodzera nezvekuvhota nekukurumidza kwakaratidzwa semienzaniso yedhizaini "isina kuenzana". Kunyangwe zvakadaro, PSOE yakagamuchira mhedzisiro yacho, chero bedzi ichisimbisa kuti hapana kukanganisa kwakakomba kwakaonekwa muhuwandu hwese, kusanganisira kuvhota nekukurumidza.
Kuumbwa kwepepuru Podemos akapembererawo pachena kukunda kwevhoti rekuti "kwete".Mutauriri wake uye munyori wezvekutaurirana, Victor EgioAkatsanangura nguva yakaziviswa mhedzisiro yacho se "yenhoroondo" ndokukumbira mutungamiri wedunhu, Fernando López Miras, kudanwa kwe referendamu yedunhu pamusoro pekuiswa kwemiti mikuru yebiogas muNharaunda.
Egio anotaura kuti «Vanhu vemaguta ese akabatwa vanofanira kukwanisa kusarudza mapurojekiti ane chekuita nehupenyu hwavo zvakananga"Uye anotenda kuti zvakaitika muLas Torres de Cotillas zvinoratidza zvinoitika 'kana vanhu vakabvumirwa kutora chikamu uye vakapihwa izwi.' Dudziro yake inobatana nehurukuro yakakura muEurope pamusoro pekushandiswa kwekukurukurirana kwemunharaunda nematunhu kusimbisa mapurojekiti makuru esimba nezvivakwa."
Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, manzwi echisosharisiti akanyeverawo kuti Nguva yekushanda kwenzvimbo yakadaro inodarika zvakanyanya zvinodiwa nekanzuru.Saka, vakaona zvakakosha kusimbisa ruzivo, kujeka uye vimbiso yedemokrasi kupfuura zvinojairwa musarudzo dzemunharaunda.
Zuva remitsetse, maamburera, uye mameseji eWhatsApp achichinjana
Kunze kwechokwadi chisingafadzi uye chakaoma, zuva rereferendamu rakaburitsa zvimwe zvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki zveSvondo yakajairika. Kubva pakuvhurwa kwenzvimbo dzekuvhotera na10:00 a.m., Mazana evagari vakauya kunzvimbo nhanhatu dzakagadzirirwa kuvhotaVazhinji vavo vakanga vakatakura maamburera kana majasi emvura nekuda kwemvura yainaya nguva nenguva.
Munzvimbo dzakadai CEIP Cervantes, iri chinhambwe chipfupi kubva kuTown HallKubva pakutanga chaipo, chinangwa chekuvhota cheruzhinji chaive chakajeka. Vanhu vemazera ese vakaratidza chishuwo chavo chekumaka bhokisi rekuti "kwete" pabharoti, vachidzokorora mazwi akadai sekuti "Handidi izvi kwandiri kana kuvana vangu" kana kuti "zvakakosha kuuya, kunyangwe mamiriro ekunze asina kunaka."
Kuunganidza vanhu kwaivimba zvakanyanya ne masocial media nemaWhatsApp mesejiuko mhuri nemapoka eshamwari vaiyeuchidzana nezvenguva yekuvharwa kwenzvimbo yekuvhotera kana kugovana mapikicha avo vachibuda panzvimbo yekuvhotera. Kwaive nezviitiko zvevagari vemo vakaedza nepavanogona napo kusvika panzvimbo yavo yekuvhotera, sevamwe vaviri vakasvika nguva pfupi vasati vakwira ndege yakarongerwa maawa maviri nehafu chete gare gare.
Kwaivawo nezviitiko zvinobaya mwoyo zve vanhu vakwegura vane mafambiro asina kunaka avo vakaramba vachida kuuya pachavo, vachiperekedzwa nenhengo dzemhuri, sechiratidzo chekutsigira chinzvimbo icho, kazhinji, chavakanga vachidzivirira kwemwedzi yakawanda muhurukuro dzemunharaunda nemisangano yenharaunda.
Sezvo sarudzo dzapera uye kuverengwa kwacho kwave kuenderera mberi, Zviso zvakaneta zvakasangana nemanzwiro ekuzorora nekukunda pakati penhengo dzepuratifomu nevagari vaibatanidzwa mukuunganidza vanhu. Kuziviswa kwepamutemo kwemhedzisiro, ne "kwete" kwakasimba kudaro, kwakaburitsa kuombera pachikuva uye kwakasimbisa mamiriro ekubatana zvekuti, maererano neavo vakapinda, kwakanga kusina kuonekwa mumasipala kwemakore.
Kutora chikamu zvakananga uye mafekitori makuru ebiogas: gakava rinopfuura kanzuru
Zvakaitika kuna Las Torres de Cotillas chikamu chemamiriro ezvinhu akafara, muSpain nemuEuropean Union, uko Kuwedzera kwebiogas nebiomethane kunoonekwa senzira yekuchinja kwesimbaAsi panguva imwe chete, zvinokonzera gakava kana mapurojekiti achionekwa seakanyanya kuiswa macro-installation kana kuti asina kupindirana zvakanaka munzvimbo yawo.
MuDunhu reMurcia, semune dzimwe nzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda vari mukurima nekuchengeta zvipfuyo, zvirongwa zve kushandisa tsvina, manyowa nedzimwe tsvina dzeorganic nechinangwa chesimba. Nzira iyi ine chinangwa chekuderedza kuburitswa kwemethane kusingadzoreki, kudzivirira kurasikira kwemhepo, uye kugadzira chigadzirwa chesimba rinogona kuvandudzwa chinogona kuiswa mumagasi; zvakakonzerawo kuti kuratidzira mune mamwe makanzuru.
Zvisinei, kuiswa kwezvivakwa izvi kunosimudzira matambudziko maererano nekugamuchirwa kwevanhu uye kugoverwa kwemitoro yezvakatipoteredzaNharaunda dzemunharaunda, dzakadai sedzeLas Torres de Cotillas, dzinoda kubvunzwa kana dzichifunga kuti kuunganidzwa kwemapurojekiti makuru munzvimbo yavo kunogona kuwedzera kufamba kwevanhu vakawanda, kunhuwa, njodzi yekusvibisa utsi kana kumanikidzwa kuwedzera mapurazi makuru anopa marara kuzvirimwa.
Padanho reEurope, matunhu akasiyana atanga kushandisa kubvunzana munharaunda, kuvhota kwevanhu vemunharaunda kana maitiro epamutemo ekutora chikamu kusarudza nezvezvivakwa zvesimba, kubva kumapurazi emhepo nemagetsi ezuva kusvika kumafekitori ekupisa kana mafekitori ebiogas. Vatsigiri vemaitiro aya vanoti kutora chikamu zvakananga kunovandudza kuvimbika kwezvisarudzo uye kunomanikidza makambani kugadzira mapurojekiti ane hanya nezvakatipoteredza.
Panyaya yaTorreño, kuvhota kwakasimba kwekuti "kwete" hakuratidzi kuti biomethane ine basa remamiriro ekunze muEurope, asi kunoita kuti zvidaro. Inopa yambiro yekuti zvivakwa izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa sei, kupi, uye mumamiriro api ezvinhu.Kune vagari vazhinji, kurambwa uku hakusi kwekupikisa simba rinogona kushandiswazve, asi pakufunga kuti chiyero pakati pemabhenefiti emunharaunda nenjodzi hachina kuenzaniswa zvakanaka.
Mubvunzo wagadziriswa zvino, Dare reGuta rinofanira ikozvino kugadzira hurongwa hwemarongero emaguta nehurongwa hwekutonga kudzivirira kuvakwa kwefekitori panzvimbo yakarongwa pakutanga. Zvisinei, gakava iri haringagumiri pano: kumanikidzwa kwekusimudzira shanduko yesimba uye manejimendi emarara akatenderera kucharamba kuripo, uye madhorobha muSpain neEurope yese achange achinyatso tarisa zvakaitika muLas Torres de Cotillas pakugadzira mamodheru avo ekutora chikamu kwevagari mumapurojekiti ane gakava.
"Kwete" inonzwika zvikuru inoratidzwa mukukurukurirana uku kunopa mufananidzo wakajeka: kanzuru yakagadzirira kusarudza nzira yayo yekuvandudza, chirongwa chebhizinesi chichafanirwa kufungwazve uye chishandiso chedemocracy chisingashandiswi zvakakwana muSpain, izvo muchiitiko ichi zvakaisa vagari pakati pechisarudzo chakakosha pamusoro pesimba, nharaunda uye mhando yehupenyu.
