Zvidyarwa zveBiogas zviri kuona kukura kwakakura munharaunda dzakasiyana dzinozvitonga muSpain., ine mapurojekiti makuru ese ari mupombi uye pedyo nekuvhurwa. Kunyangwe iwo akaunzwa semhinduro inoshanda kune organic marara manejimendi uye inovandudzwa simba rekugadzira, kuisirwa uye kuwedzera kwezvivakwa izvi hakuna gakava uye gakava, zvese zvehunyanzvi uye zvemagariro.
Mumwedzi ichangopfuura, mapurojekiti ane chekuita nekugadzirwa kwebiomethane akawedzera. kubva mumatope nemamwe tsvina inobva kumapurazi ezvipfuyo. Uku kusimba kuri muchikamu nekuda kwezvinangwa zvekusimudzira zvakatemwa neEuropean Union pamwe nehurumende yeSpain, izvo zvinotsvaga shanduko yekuenda kumagetsi akachena uye nekuvandudza marara ekurima. Nekudaro, kuwedzera kwezvirimwa izvi kunosimudza tarisiro mbiri dzekusimudzira hupfumi uye kunetseka pamusoro pemabatiro azvo pane zvakatipoteredza, kunyanya kumaruwa ari pedyo.
Mapurojekiti makuru uye maitiro pachirongwa chenyika
Zvirongwa zvakaita sechirimwa chikuru chebiogas chinosimudzirwa neboka reDanish Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners (CIP) muLa Sentiu de Sió (Lleida) zvinomira pachena., parizvino yakamirira kubvumidzwa kwekupedzisira kubva kuUrban Planning department mushure mekugamuchira mvumo yezvakatipoteredza kubva kuGeneralitat (Catalan Government). Iyi yakaoma, yakagadzirirwa kubata mazana ezviuru zvematani emarara ezvipfuyo pagore, inotarisira kuve imwe yehukuru kumaodzanyemba kweEurope uye ine rutsigiro rwevanopfuura 300 varimi vezvipfuyo munzvimbo iyi, avo vanozobatsirwa kubva kune inoenderera mberi slurry management.
Kusimba kwakafanana kunogona kuonekwa kune imwe nzvimbo munyika. MuCastile neLeón, mapurojekiti ezvirimwa zvebiogas akapetwa kaviri akagadziriswa muna 2024 kupfuura gore rapfuura, akasvika angangoita zana muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvekutonga. Mapurovhinzi eSegovia, Valladolid, neZamora ari kutungamira kuwedzera uku, nezvirongwa zvakati kuti zvakatobvumidzwa uye zvimwe zviri kuratidzwa pachena. Hutongi hwedunhu hunosimbirira kuti izvo chete mapurojekiti anozadzisa zvese zvinodiwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvemutemo ndiwo achabudirira., kuratidza kusimba mukutarisana nezvikanganiso zvakaonekwa mune zvimwe zviitiko.
Mapurojekiti echimbichimbi arikuenderera mberi munharaunda, senge chirimwa chinosimudzirwa neGesalor cooperative muLorca, iyo iri kupinda muchikamu chechitatu nekudyara kwakazara kunodarika € 37 miriyoni uye nepagore kugadzirisa kugona kwemamiriyoni maviri cubic metres e slurry. Rudzi urwu rwechirongwa hachingosanganisire marara chete asi kuti rinopawo mabasa akananga uye asina kunanga kumaruwa..
Makakatanwa, kushorwa kwevanhu uye matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza
Kuwanda kwezvirimwa zvebiogas kwaunza pachena Kunetsekana pakati pemapoka evavakidzani, mapuratifomu evagari, uye masangano ezvakatipoteredzaChimwe chezvichemo zvikuru ndiko kuswedera kwezvimwe zvivako kune nzvimbo dzinogarwa, sezvinoitwa muLa Atalaya (Gran Canaria) kana Valverde (La Rioja), uko vagari nemasangano vakaratidza kushora kwavo, vachitaura nezvengozi yekunhuhwirira kusingafadzi, kuwedzera kwemotokari yakawanda, uye zvinogona kuitika pahutano nehutano hwehupenyu.
Masangano akadai seAsturian Environmental Coordinator anoyambira nezvematambudziko ane chekuita nekusakwana kurapwa kwemarara emvura kubva mukugaya uye kusvibiswa kunogona kuitika kwevhu neaquifers. Kubata kwekugaya, kutonga kwakaringana kwezvakasara uye kubviswa kunobudirira kwekunhuhwirira inyaya dzinogara dzichiitika mukunyunyuta uye zvikumbiro zvekuvandudzwa.Mapuratifomu evagari uye mamwe mapoka ezvematongerwo enyika ari kudawo kujekeswa kukuru uye kuwana ruzivo rwune chekuita nemapurojekiti.
Vagadziri vanowanzosimbisa kuti tekinoroji inosanganisirwa muzvivakwa zvitsva inoderedza kana kudzivirira kunhuwa kwemhepo kuburikidza neakavharwa masisitimu uye mhepo yekurapa maseketi, kunze kwekushanda nemotokari dzakavharwa dzekutakura tsvina. Nekudaro, nharaunda zhinji dzinoda dzimwe dziviriro uye nzvimbo yezvirimwa izvi kure nemaguta.
Maitiro, mikana uye matanho ekuderedza
Biogas uye zvinobva kune zvakaita sebiomethane zvinoshanda kune mbiri chinangwa.: Kwete chete ivo vanogadzira imwezve sosi yesimba rinogoneka, asi zvakare vanobatsira mukukwidziridza tsvina yezvipfuyo kubva kuzvipfuwo, zvekurima uye kunyangwe zviwanikwa zvemumaguta, kushandura zvigadzirwa izvi kuita zvinhu zvinoshandisika pakugadzira fetereza nezvimwe zvinangwa zvemaindasitiri.
Kuti kuderedze kukanganisa kwemhoteredzo nemagariro evanhu, nyanzvi dzinotaura mazano akawanda: kusarudza nzvimbo dziri kure nenzvimbo dzinogarwa asi dziri pedyo nemagwenya emarara; kuita hurongwa hwekufamba kuitira kuti traffic yakawedzerwa isakanganise vagari; uye kushandisa nzira dzakanakisa dzekurapa mhepo nemarara. Pamusoro pezvo, kutariswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kutora chikamu kwevavakidzani mukusimudzira chirongwa zvinoonekwa sezvakakosha kuti ive nechokwadi chekubatanidzwa kwavo kwakabudirira.
Chiitiko muEurope, uko zviuru zvezvirimwa zviri kushanda, zvinoratidza kuti kudzora kwakasimba uye kutorwa kwemaitiro akanakisa kunogona kuderedza zviitiko uye kukanganisa. Zvisinei nekukakavadzana uku, chikamu ichi chinoonekwa sechombo chakakosha chekufambisa kune kusarerekera kwemamiriro ekunze uye hupfumi hwedenderedzwa.
Kubatanidzwa munharaunda uye pachena: mbiru dzeramangwana rebiogas
Dambudziko rakanyanya kukosha kumakore anotevera richava rekuwana kugamuchirwa munharaunda yezvivakwa izvi.Nekuda kwaizvozvi, vakawanda vari kukurudzira kuti nharaunda dzibatanidzwe muzvinhanho zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvirongwa, kubva pakuronga kusvika pakushanda, kukurudzira kubuda pachena uye kugadzirisa zviri kunetsa vagari.
Kutarisirwa kwekutonga njodzi, kutaurirana kwemvura, uye kufunga nezvezvinonetsa munharaunda ndizvo zvakakosha mukuderedza kurambwa uye kukurudzira kugarisana nezvivakwa izvi. Uyezve, kutevedzera mitemo yakasimba yezvakatipoteredza uye kutarisira veruzhinji kuvimba nekurera uye kubatsira kuwedzera mikana inopihwa nebiogas mumamiriro ekuchinja kwesimba.