Green hydrogen yave shanduko yekuchinja kwesimba repasi rose. uye iri kukwezva mubereko unowedzera nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuita decarbonize maindasitiri nezvikamu zvekufambisa. Nepo vatungamiriri venyika nemakambani emagetsi vari kubheja zvakanyanya pane iyi yakachena imwe nzira, makwikwi ari kuwedzera uye mhinduro itsva dziri kubuda kuti dzikunde matambudziko ehunyanzvi uye ezvakatipoteredza anokonzerwa nekugadzirwa kwakakura.
La nhangemutange yekutungamira hupfumi hwegirinhi rehydrogen iri kutsanangudza hurongwa hwenyika nemakambani. Middle East, North Africa, neLatin America vari kuzvimisa sematunhu akakosha, nekuda kwesimba ravo rinogonekazve uye chishuwo chekuva vadyidzani vesimba kuEurope nepasirese.
Kupayona megaprojects muSaudi Arabia: Yanbu uye NEOM
Saudi Arabia irikuzviparadzanisa mumunda wegirinhi hydrogen nezviviri zvezvinoshuvira zviri kuitika panyika. Kune rimwe divi, kambani yehurumende yemagetsi ACWA Power uye Spanish-Chinese consortium yakaumbwa naTécnicas Reunidas neSinopec vatora dambudziko rekugadzira gigantic complex muYanbu, pamhenderekedzo yeGungwa Dzvuku. Nzvimbo iyi ichange iine electrolysers inokwanisa kugadzira kusvika 4.000 matani egreen ammonia pazuva mune rimwe nerimwe remabhuroko ayo maviri ekutanga, rimwe nerimwe rine simba ne2,2 GW ye electrolysis simba.
Dunhu ratova kumusha kune NEOM chirongwa, imwe Saudi icon. NEOM inosanganisa modhi yemadhorobha, hunyanzvi uye kugadzirwa kwesimbaIyo NEOM Green Hydrogen Company (NGHC), mubatanidzwa weACWA Power, Air Products, uye NEOM pachayo, iri kuvaka chirimwa chinozobatanidza 4 GW yezvekugonesa kugona kune simba electrolysis modules, smart tekinoroji, uye mamiriro-ye-the-art kuchengetedza masisitimu. Kana yanyatsoshanda, ichakwanisa kugadzira 1,2 miriyoni matani egirini ammonia pagore, kudzivirira kubuda kweanosvika mamiriyoni mashanu ematani eCOâ‚‚ pagore.
Matanho ese ari maviri anovavarira kuisa dunhu senzvimbo yepasirese yehydrogen inogona kuvandudzwa, nekuda kwekubatana pakati pezuva, mhepo, uye otomatiki. Saudi Arabia inoronga kuisa mari inosvika mabhiriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi manomwe emadhora muchikamu ichi panosvika 270.000 uye inotarisira kutengesa kunze kwenyika gumi muzana yehydrogen yenyika.
Tekinoroji mhinduro: mvura, kushanda nesimba uye kuchengeteka
Kuwedzera kwegirinhi hydrogen hakusi pasina matambudziko. Kushandiswa kwemvura kunodiwa pa electrolysis kunoramba kuchinetsa vaongorori nevagadziri., kunyanya munzvimbo dzine dambudziko remvura. Zvikumbiro zvitsva zvine chinangwa chekushandisa zvakanatswa mvura yetsvina kana yegungwa, kuderedza kudzvinyirira pazviwanikwa zvemvura yekunwaSemuyenzaniso, ongororo ichangoburwa inoongorora kushandiswa kwesimbi dziripo mumvura yetsvina sezvinokonzeresa zvechisikigo, kuwedzera kugona kwe electrode uye kuderedza kudiwa kwekucheneswa kunodhura.
Maindasitiri ekuchengetedza maficha anowedzerawo uremu, tichifunga kuti iyo Hydrogen inoshanduka uye inoda hutano hwakakwana pakubata, kuchengetedza, uye kutakura. Kudyidzana pakati peinishuwarenzi, vagadziri, uye vanoshanda kuri kutungamira kune mitsva marongero uye njodzi manejimendi, inotsigira inofungidzirwa investimendi inodarika mabhiriyoni mazana matanhatu emadhora panosvika 680.000 uye kuwedzera kashanu kwekudiwa kwehydrogen panosvika 2030.
Uye zvakare, dhijitari uye hungwaru hwekugadzira hunobatsira advanced monitoring uye automated control yezvirimwa, kubva kuchizvarwa chinogoneka kusvika kune manejimendi egirinhi ammonia kugadzirwa uye kunze kwenyika, zvichibvumira kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi uye kuderedzwa kwemitengo yekushandisa.
Latin America neAfrica: Uruguay neMorocco mujaho wepasi rose
MuSouth America, Uruguay inotsvaga decarbonized mobility yatopfuura chikamu che90% chekugadzirwa kwemagetsi anovandudzwa. Nyika iri kusimudzira mapurojekiti mana egreen hydrogen, akanangana nekutengesa kunze kwenyika uye zvekufambisa zvinorema mudzimba, nekudyidzana kweveruzhinji nevega pamwe nekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika. Pakati pezvirongwa zvepamberi pane zvirongwa zvinoisa pamberi pekushandiswa kwemhepo uye simba rezuva, uye kufunga nezvekugadzirwa kwemethanol nemafuta ekugadzira. Matambudziko emunharaunda anosanganisira kutonga kwemvura nekubatanidzwa nenharaunda yenharaunda, sezvinoratidzwa nekuongorora kwezvirongwa zvakaronga pakutanga kushandisa zvakadzivirirwa pasi pevhu.
Morocco, kune chikamu chayo, yakasimbisa hukama hwehukama nemakambani eEurope kuti gadzira chirongwa cheChbika, iyo ine chinangwa chekugadzira 1 GW yesimba rinodzokororwa kugadzira hydrogen yakasvibirira uye kuishandura kuita 200.000 matani egirini ammonia pagore kumusika weEurope. Nyika inoronga kusvika 52% yesimba rayo rakaiswa simba kubva kune renewables ne2030 uye kugadzira 10 GW yesimba rakachena makore gumi asati apera. Nekudaro, kushomeka kwemvura kuri kubuda sedambudziko rakakura, zvichipihwa basa rakakosha resitubu iyi mukugadzirwa kwehydrogen kuburikidza ne electrolysis.
Sector maonero uye pfupi- uye yepakati-nguva remangwana
La global dynamics of green hydrogen Iyo inoratidzirwa nekudyidzana kwenyika dzese, hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji, uye kuchinjika kumatambudziko ezvakatipoteredza nehupfumi. Nezvirongwa zvinopfuura chiuru nemazana mashanu zviri kuitika pasi rose uye kubatanidzwa kwakananga kwehurumende, nyika dzakawanda, uye mari yehupfumi, indasitiri iyi iri kutarisira kubatanidza kunoenderera mberi kweiyo hydrogen inogoneka kuita maindasitiri, kufamba, uye masisitimu emagetsi.
Tsigiro kubva kuchikamu cheinishuwarenzi uye kumira kwekuchengetedza kunosimbisa kuvimba uye kukurudzira kugarisa mari. Kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa, kuderedzwa kwemitengo uye mhinduro yemvura uye zvipingamupinyi zvekugadzirisa zvinomhanyisa kupinda kwegirinhi hydrogen mumusanganiswa wesimba repasi rose.
Kuzvipira kumapurojekiti ekutanga, kutsvagisa mukubudirira uye hupfumi hwedenderedzwa, uye kubatirana pakati pematunhu ane makwikwi ekuvandudza zviwanikwa zvinotsanangura mamiriro ezvinhu umo hydrogen yakasvibirira iri kufamba kubva pachivimbiso ichienda kune chokwadi chiri kukura, paine mukana wekushandura chikamu chesimba uye kuvhura mikana mitsva yekusimudzira kwepasirese.
