Kugadziridza imba haizi nyaya yekunaka, kugadzirisa nzvimbo dzemazuva ano, kana kuvandudza mashandiro. Kutora mukana wekugadziridza kuvandudza kushanda kwesimba uye kusimba kwemba kwave kukosha kune avo vanoda kudzikisa mari, kugara zvakanaka, uye kuchengetedza nharaunda.. Mukuwedzera, mumakore achangopfuura, the simba chitupa Zvakatora basa rinotungamira, kusvika padanho rekusungirwa mune zvakawanda zvekutengesa zvivakwa uye kiyi yekuwana rubatsiro uye rubatsiro.
Nhasi, mamiriro ezvinhu achinja zvakanyanya kana zvichienzaniswa nemakore gumi apfuura. Mitemo, zvinotarisirwa pamusika uye kuziva magariro zvinoda dzimba dzakasimba uye dzine mutoro.. Munyaya ino yakazara, iwe uchaona zvese zvinosanganisirwa nechitupa chesimba paunenge uchigadziridza imba yako: kubva nei zvakakosha, matanho aunogona kutora, maitiro ekuiwana, uye maitiro azvinoita chikwama chako uye hupenyu hwehupenyu.
Sei chitupa chesimba chiri pamwoyo wekugadziridza kwakanaka?
Mumakore achangopfuura, kushandiswa kwesimba kwave chinhu chakakosha mune chero kugadzirisa kuvonga European uye Spanish mutemo, iyo inoda kuwanda kwemazinga ekuchengetedza uye kuchengetedza. Chitupa chesimba igwaro rinoongorora nekusimbisa kugona kwechero chivakwa, richiratidza pachiyero che A (inonyanya kushanda) kusvika kuG (isinganyanyi kushanda) yakakwana sei imba maererano nekushandiswa uye CO2 emissions.
Chinangwa chechitupa ichi ndechekuzivisa uye kukurudzira varidzi nevatengi uye varidzi kuti vavandudze hunyanzvi, nokudaro kufambisa kuderedzwa kwekushandiswa kwesimba, kukosha kwemusika uye mikana yekubatsirwa nerubatsiro rwevanhu.
MuSpain, gwaro iri rave rinosungirwa kutengesa kana kuhaya chero chivako kubva 2013, uye muna 2033 zvinodiwa zvichange zvakaomarara: dzimba dzese dziri pamusika dzinofanirwa kusangana netsamba D chiyero.
Ndeupi ruzivo rwunosanganisira chitupa chesimba?
Chitupa chesimba remba Iine huwandu hweruzivo rwakadzama rwehunyanzvi. Mamwe e data rakakosha raanoratidza ndeaya:
- Simba reMagetsi muvara uye chiyero chemavara (AG)
- Inofungidzirwa kushandiswa kwesimba rekutanga (kWh) paskweya mita pagore
- Gore negore CO2 emissions
- Tsanangudzo yezvivakwa (kudziya, mvura inopisa, air conditioning, nezvimwewo)
- Mazano ekuvandudza kusimudza chiyero (shanduko mukudzivirira, kuisa, windows, kushandiswa kwezvinovandudzwa, nezvimwewo)
- Dhata yeanopa certification tekinoroji, zuva rekuburitswa uye kuvimbika (kazhinji makore gumi)
Gwaro iri rinokubatsira kuziva izvo zvinhu zvemba yako zvinopedza simba rakawanda uye ndezvipi zviito zvinogona kuita mutsauko, zvese mumari yako uye mune ramangwana kukosha kwepfuma.
Ndedzipi gadziridzo dzinofanirwa kuitwa panguva yekugadziridza kuti uwane imba inoshanda uye inoenderera?
Kutora mukana wekugadziridza kuita kusvetuka mumhando uye kugona ndiko kudyara kwakanyanya kwaungaita. Vanenge vese nyanzvi nevatongi vanobvumirana pane akati wandei mapoinzi. Kushandura imba yekare kuita imba inoshanda, inogoneka, uye yeramangwana-uchapupu:
Kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe
Insulation ndiyo hwaro hwekudzikisa kurasikirwa kwekupisa uye kuwana muchando nezhizha.. Kuvandudza mafacade, matenga, pasi, uye madziro emukati nezvinhu zvemazuva ano (rock wool, cellulose, polystyrene, polyurethane, nezvimwewo) zvinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwemhepo. Insulation ndiyo inonyanya kudhura-inoshanda chiyero munguva refu uye iyo ine simba guru pane iyo simba label.. Izvo zvakakosha kuti usarudze zvinhu zvakaringana uye sisitimu zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze enzvimbo yako uye rudzi rwechivakwa.
Zvivharo nemahwindo zvinobudirira
ari Mahwindo ekare ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo huru dzekubuda kwesimba. Munguva yekugadziridza, unogona kuzvitsiva nemhando mbiri- kana katatu-glazed, mafuremu ane thermal break, uye mweya kana argon gasi makamuri. Ukobvu hwegirazi uye hutano hwegungano zvakakosha; Iwindo risina kuiswa zvakanaka rinorasikirwa nekubudirira, kunyange kana iri yepamusoro-soro.
Kuvhara mapeji uye pfungwa dzakakosha
Hazvina mhosva kuti wakaisa insulation yakanaka sei, Chero kutsemuka, kutsemuka, kana kuvharwa zvisina kuvharwa zvinokonzeresa kuti urasikirwe nehunyanzvi.. Zvakakosha kuvhara majoini ese, mabhokisi evhavha, uye zvinongedzo pakuisa, uye kutarisa kuti magonhi nemahwindo zvinovhara zvakanaka here. Imba "yakasimba" inodzivirira kudhirowa uye kudonha kusingakoshi.
Mazuva ano air conditioning systems
Air conditioning inomiririra chikamu chikuru chekushandiswa kwesimba. Paunenge uchigadzirisa, sarudza yepamusoro-soro yekudziya uye air conditioning systems.: pombi dzekupisa, condensing boilers, underfloor heat kana kunyange mahybrid systems anosanganisa anovandudzwa uye akajairika masimba. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuve nechokwadi chekuti mapaipi akaiswa insulated zvakanaka uye hapana anobuda.
Intelligent tembiricha control
Kumba otomatiki uye smart thermostats haisi nyore chete, asi Vanobvumira kudzora tembiricha chaiyo uye mamwe mashandisiro ane musoro. A programmable system ine ma sensors inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa nekugadzirisa tembiricha kune chaiyo yekushandisa purogiramu yekamuri yega yega.
Kufefetedza zvakanaka
Kuvandudza mhepo kwakakosha pakuchengetedza nharaunda ine hutano uye kudzivirira hunyoro hwakanyanya uye zvinosvibisa. Inodzorwa mechanical ventilation (CMV) masisitimu Ivo vari pano kuti vagare: vanobvumira kufefetera pasina kurasikirwa nesimba, sezvo vachidzora kupisa kubva kumhepo inobuda uye kusefa mweya unouya. Mukuwedzera, kupisa kwemukati kunochengetwa nguva dzose.
Zvishandiso zvakanaka uye midziyo
Tarisa iyo energy label pamidziyo yese uye gara uchienda kune avo vekirasi A kana yepamusoro. Kunyangwe zvingave zvichidhura zvishoma pakutanga, zvinounza mari yemakore. Izvi zvakafanana zvinoenda kune mwenje: kuchinjika kune ma LED bulbs uye dimmable masisitimu zvinoreva kusvetuka kukuru mukubudirira uye kunoderedza kukosha kwekuramba uchichinja magirobhu.
Kushandisa chiedza chechisikigo
Kunyatsotarisa nzvimbo, kuvhura nzvimbo dzechiedza, kusarudza nzvimbo dzine ruvara rwakajeka, uye kushandisa maketeni anogadzirika kana mapofu anogona kushandura imba ine rima, yekugadzira-inotsamira kuchiedza kuita imba inopenya uye ine mari. Chiedza chechisikigo hachingoponesi simba chete, asiwo chinovandudza hutano uye hutano..
Renewable energy application
Gadzira photovoltaic solar panels, solar thermal, aerothermal kana kunyange geothermal Inonyanya kudhura-inoshanda mudzimba dzemhuri imwe chete, asi inoshandawo mumabhuroko mazhinji nenharaunda. Iko kusanganiswa kwekushanda uye kuzvidyira ndiko kuhwina musanganiswa wekudzikisa simba rako bhiri uye kabhoni tsoka.
Kugovera kwakanaka kwenzvimbo
Kufunga nezvekugovera panguva yekugadziridza kunobatsira Isa nzvimbo dzakanyanya kushandiswa (imba yekugara, kicheni) munzvimbo dzavanogamuchira chiedza uye kupisa, uye kushandisa zviri nani zviwanikwa. Smart dhizaini yakakosha semidziyo kana zvivakwa zvakasarudzwa.
Kuwana uye kugadzirisa simba retifiketi: matanho, matekiniki uye mutengo
Kuti uwane chitupa chesimba, unofanirwa kuhaya a accredited certifying technician. Vanogona kuva vavaki, mainjiniya kana matekiniki akanyoreswa ane dzidziso chaiyo. Iyo nzira inosanganisira:
- Pa-saiti kushanya nenyanzvi kutora zviyero uye kuongorora insulation, kuisa, kutaridzika, nzvimbo, uye masisitimu emagetsi.
- Kugadzirira kweiyo official report negiredhi rekupedzisira uye kurudziro yekuvandudza.
- Kunyoreswa kwegwaro nesangano redunhu rinoenderana. Pasina danho iri, chitupa hachina pamutemo.
- Delivery ye simba chitaridzi, iyo inofanirwa kuoneka mukutengesa kana chibvumirano chekurenda.
Chitupa chinoshanda kwemakore gumi, asi Inokurudzirwa kuivandudza mushure mekugadzirisa kwakakosha, sezvo shanduko dzinogona kushandura chiyero (kazhinji kuivandudza). Mutengo unosiyana zvichienderana nemamita masikweya, nzvimbo uye nyanzvi yakasarudzwa, kazhinji inotangira pakati 60 uye 200 euros kudzimba dzepakati nepakati. Mari yekunyoresa inogona kubva pagumi kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe emaeuro zvichienderana nenharaunda inozvimiririra.
Chisungo chepamutemo uye kuregererwa kubva pachitupa chesimba
MuSpain, chinodiwa chegwaro iri chakatanga kudzorwa muna 2013 uye ikozvino ne Royal Chirevo 390/2021. Izvo zvakakosha kuti ive nayo kutengesa, kurenda kana kuita gadziridzo huru.. Kana usina, unoisa pangozi yezvirango zvakakura zvemari.
Zvimwe zvivakwa chaizvo zvinoregererwa, zvakaita sezvivakwa zvekunamatira, zvivakwa zvakadzivirirwa kukosha kwazvinoita, zvivakwa zvisingadiwi zvemaindasitiri kana zvekurima, zvivakwa zvenguva pfupi, zvivakwa zvine isingasviki 50 m² yenzvimbo inogona kushandiswa, uye dzimba dzekugara dzinoshandiswa isingasviki mwedzi mina pagore.
Zvakanakira imba ine simba repamusoro uye chitupa chakanaka
Kuvandudza kuvandudza kushanda uye certification hakusi "kutevedzera mutemo." Iyi imari ine kudzoka kwakavimbiswa.. Aya ndiwo mabhenefiti makuru:
- Pakarepo kuderedzwa kwebhiri remagetsi mukudziya, kutonhora uye magetsi.
- Wedzera mukati kukosha kwemusika wemba.
- Preferential access to rubatsiro, rubatsiro uye mari yekuvandudza nekugadzirisa.
- Zvirinani kupisa uye acoustic kunyaradza gore rese
- Mupiro kune kurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze nekuvandudza kusimba kwepasi rose.
Grants, subsidies uye mikana yekudyara
Iyo dhiraivha yekuvandudza simba inosimbiswa nerubatsiro rwakawanda, kubva ku Next Generation Funds kubva kuEuropean Union kusvika kuzvirongwa zvematunhu nemanisipala. Yakawanda yemari iyi inoda kuwana chitupa chesimba mushure mekugadzirisa, uye inopihwa chete kana kuvandudzwa kwechokwadi kwechiyero kuchigona kuratidzwa.
Kuisa mari mukugadzirisa kuti uwane giredhi reD kana repamusoro pachitupa riri kubuda seimwe yenzira dzakanakisa, kune vanhu vari kutsvaga kutengesa kana kurenda dzimba dzavo uye kune vanoisa mari vari kutsvaga kuwedzera pundutso yavo mumusika unouya. Mutengo wekugadzirisa izvozvi uchave wakaderera zvakanyanya pane mutengo wekurasikirwa nekutengesa kana mikana yekurenda muna 2033.
Ramangwana: Mitemo yeEurope uye mikana yemazuva ano
Pakazosvika 2033, zvinodiwa zvichange zvatonyanya kuomarara. Chikamu gumi neshanu muzana chete chedzimba dzemazuva ano dzeSpain dzinosangana nezvinodiwa zvishoma, uye zviuru zvevaridzi vedzimba vanozofanira kuita gadziridzo kune yavo yekuisa, kuisa, uye marongero kana vachida kutengesa dzimba dzavo. Izvi zvichawedzera kuvandudzwa kweiyo real estate stock uye ichapa mukana wekugadzira dzimba dzakasimba uye dzenguva yemberi.
Uyewo, Shanduko idzi hadzingounzi kuchengetedza uye kuchengetedza. Iwo mukana wekuvandudza hupenyu, hutano, uye nyaradzo, uye nekukurumidza kuwedzera kukosha kwezvivakwa. Usakanganwa kuti kugadziridza kwakanaka kuchaenda pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwesimba uye, nekudaro, hukuru hwehupfumi uye hwemagariro mabhenefiti.
