Hatichagoni kuramba kuti kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze Ndiro chinetso chakakomba zvikurusa icho vanhu vachatarisana nacho muzana rino ramakore. Kune akawanda mafambiro ekudzikisa kukanganisa kwatinokonzera pane zvakatipoteredza, uye imwe yeanonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye Chishanu cheRamangwana (FFF), inomirira 'Fridays for Future'. Bato iri rakazvarwa muna Nyamavhuvhu 2018 uye rakapararira nekukurumidza pasirese, kunyanya nekuda kwemasocial network uye nekukurudzira kugona kwevakatanga.
Muchikamu chino tichaongorora kuti chii Fridays for Future movement, ndeapi maitiro ayo uye kukosha kwechinangwa chayo. Pamusoro pezvo, tichaongorora mhedzisiro yayo padanho repasi rose, kukanganisa kwekuratidzira kwayo uye matambudziko aakatarisana nawo mukurwisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
Ndeapi maChishanu ekufamba kweRamangwana
Fridays for Future inonzi isangano revechidiki riri kurwisana nekusaita zvematongerwo enyika panyaya yekusanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Uku kuratidzwa kwevechidiki, kutungamirwa na Greta Thunberg, izvo zvinoda kuti hurumende pasi rese dzitore matanho akasimba kumisa kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze.
Izvo zvese zvakatanga apo Greta Thunberg, weSweden wechidiki, akagara pamberi peParamende muStockholm aine banner raiti: 'chikoro kuramwa kwemamiriro okunze'. Greta akatanga kuratidzira uku kuti hurumende yeSweden itevedze zvibvumirano zve Chibvumirano cheParis, iyo inogadza mazano akajeka ekuderedza kubudiswa kwegasi rinopisa. Kuratidzira kwavo, uko kwaimbove kwega, kwakakurumidza kuenda kuhutachiona pasocial network vachishandisa hashtag #FridaysForFuture. Izvi zvakaunganidza zviuru zvevanhu kubva kumativi ese enyika, zvichiva sangano repasi rose ratinoziva nhasi.
Chinocherechedzwa neFridays for Future ndechekuti rinonyanya kuumbwa nevechidiki. Ndivo vachatambura zvakanyanya kubva pamigumisiro yenguva refu yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Sevadyi venhaka yeramangwana repasi rino, vanoona ibasa ravo kusimudza mazwi avo uye kuda matanho ekuchimbidza.
Uyezve, Fridays for Future hakusi kungoratidzirawo zvako. Chimiro chayo chakagadzirirwa kuratidza Chishanu chega chega nechinangwa chekugara ichimanikidza hurumende. Sangano racho rakapararira kunyanya muEurope neAmerica, asi rakakwanisa kuwedzera kune dzimwe nyika dze125 nemaguta e1600, kubudirira kuvapo kwakakosha. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze harisi dambudziko renyika imwe chete, asi dambudziko repasi rose.
Evolution yeChishanu yeRamangwana
Bato iri, iro rakatanga nepwere pamberi peParamende, rakakurumidza kukura kuita kuramwa mabasa kwevadzidzi pasi rose. Musi waKurume 15, 2019, Fridays for Future yakaunganidza vanhu vanodarika miriyoni imwe chete nemazana matanhatu mumaguta zviuru zviviri pasi rose, ayo aionekwa se yekutanga mamiriro ekunze pasi rose. Izvi zvakaratidza chiitiko chakakosha munhoroondo yekurwa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Pamusoro pezvo, mumwedzi waMay 2019, vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni imwe vakapinda muzuva rechipiri rekuramwa mabasa kwepasi rose, vachibatanidza kugona kwesangano kukwezva vatapi venhau nevatungamiriri venyika.
Fridays for Future yakasvika pakakwirira munaGunyana 2019, pakarongwa kurohwa kwepasi rose munaGunyana, kwakabatana nekupemberera UN Climate Summit muNew York. Saizvozvowo, kuramwa mabasa kwemusi wa27 Gunyana kwakaunza pamwe chete mamirioni avanhu, zvichiratidza imwe yenzvimbo dzakakosha mukutsigira bato.
Kubva 2020, Chishanu cheRamangwana, semamwe mafambiro emagariro, aifanira kuchinjika kune zvakatemerwa neCOVID-19 denda. Kunyangwe kumwe kurova uye kuratidzira mu-munhu kwakaderedzwa, bato iri rakaramba riripo kuburikidza nekuratidzira chaiko uye mishandirapamwe yesocial media.
Mhedzisiro yakaipa yekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze
Chimwe chezvikonzero nei Fridays for Future yakawana rutsigiro rwakawanda imhaka yeruzivo rwemagariro nezve zvinokuvadza zvinokanganisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Izvo zvakaipa zvinokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze zvinokanganisa zvipenyu zvishoma nezvishoma, zvinoreva kuti hazvionekwi pakarepo. Zvisinei, migumisiro yenguva refu yakakomba zvikuru.
Pakati pezvakanyanya mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze isu tinogona kuratidza:
- Kukwira kwetembiricha yepasi rose: Kupisa kwepasi rose kwawedzera avhareji yetembiricha yepasi, zvichiita kuti mafungu ekupisa awedzere uye akareba.
- Kusimuka kwemvura yegungwa: Kunyungudika kweaizi yepanyika kuri kukonzera kukwira kwemvura yegungwa kunotyisidzira nharaunda dziri mumahombekombe.
- Kuva gwenga: Kushaikwa kwemvura zhinji uye kukwira kwekushisa kuri kukonzera gwenga renzvimbo zhinji dzakaorera, zvichikanganisa zvikuru kurima nekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu.
- Kurasikirwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana: Mhuka dzakawanda nezvirimwa zviri munjodzi yekutsakatika nekuda kwekushandurwa kwenzvimbo dzadzo dzekugara.
Imwe yemazwi akakosha ekuchengeta mupfungwa mune ino mamiriro ndeye kusimba ecosystems. Resilience ndiko kugona kwe ecosystem kujairana nekuchinja kwakashata munharaunda yayo. Nekudaro, kana shanduko idzi dzakangoerekana dzanyanya kana zvakanyanya, iyo ecosystem haigone kuchinjika, zvichizotungamira mukudzikira kana kuparadzwa kwayo.
Greenhouse magasi, akadai seCO2, methane uye nitrogen komisheni, ndiwo anokonzera kudziya kwepasi. Magasi aya anonyanya kubva mukutsva kwemafuta ezvicherwa uye anokwanisa kuchengetedza kupisa kuri mumhepo, zvichiita kuti pave negreenhouse effect. Kunyange zvazvo kuwedzera kwekushisa kusiri pakarepo, chimiro chekuwedzera chakajeka chinoonekwa mumakumi emakore achangopfuura.
Nekuda kwekumhanya kwekushanduka kwezvakatipoteredza, zvipenyu zvakawanda hazvigone kuchinjika nekukurumidza zvakakwana, izvo zviri kukonzera dambudziko risati ramboitika rezvakatipoteredza rinokanganisa zvese zvipenyu nemaruva epasi.
Strike Yepasi Pose yeChishanu yeRamangwana
Imwe yenguva dzakanyanya kukosha munhoroondo yeChishanu yeRamangwana yaive kuramwa kwepasi rose kwaKurume 15, 2019. Kuratidzira uku, kwakadanwa zvakanyanya kuburikidza nesocial network, kwakaunganidza vechidiki vanopfuura mamirioni 1,4 mumaguta anopfuura 2000 pasi rose.
MuSpain, zviuru zvevadiki zvakaungana mumaguta akasiyana kuti vade matanho ekuchimbidza kurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Hunhu kubva munyika yesainzi, senge biologist Raquel Fregenal, vakapinda mukuratidzira uku, vachida kuti shanduko yemamiriro ekunze ibatirwe sedambudziko repasi rose risinganzwisise miganhu kana mapoka emagariro.
Pakati pema sirogani makuru ekuratidzira muSpain aive mazwi akadai sekuti:
- Usapise ramangwana redu
- Capitalism inouraya pasi
- Kune plastiki yakawanda kupfuura pfungwa
Uyezve, muGirona, mumwe wevakatanga sangano muSpain, mumiriri Lucas Barrero akatungamirira mukuronga kuratidzira kwokutanga munharaunda yacho. Fridays for Future yakaratidza kuti, nekutendiswa kwakakwana, zvinokwanisika kuunganidza zviuru zvevanhu zvakatenderedza nharaunda sepakati pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
Matambudziko uye kufambira mberi mukurwa kwemamiriro ekunze
Kunyangwe hazvo Fridays for Future yakawana mukurumbira pasi rose, bato iri rinosanganawo nematambudziko akawanda. Rimwe rematambudziko makuru nderekuita hurumende nemakambani makuru koshesa kusimba pamusoro pezvido zvehupfumi zvenguva pfupi. Munyika umo hupfumi hwakavakirwa pakushandisa uye kugadzirwa hwakanyanya, kushandura masimba azvino kunoda kushanda nesimba kwepasirese.
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze hakugone kugadziriswa nekuedza kudiki kwega. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti hurumende dzitore zvakakomba uye zvinosunga mitemo yekudzikisa kuburitswa kwegasi rinopisa uye kusimudzira muenzaniso wehupfumi. Padanho renzvimbo, Fridays for Future yakanetsekawo nekusakendenga kubva kune mamwe matunhu enzanga. Zvisinei, kutsigirwa kwesayenzi kwesangano iri kukura. Ongororo dzinoverengeka dzakaratidza kuti kunetseka kwevadiki ava kuri pamutemo uye kunotsigirwa neyambiro yedata nezve emergency emergency.
Basa resainzi muFridays for Future
Kubva pakusikwa kwayo, Fridays for Future yakave nerutsigiro rwenharaunda yesainzi. Muna 2019, masayendisiti anopfuura zviuru makumi maviri nenhatu akasaina tsamba yekutsigira hurongwa uhu, vachiziva kukomba kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye nekukasira kwekutora matanho.
In the Chibvumirano cheParis, yakasainwa muna 2015, nharaunda dzepasi rose dzakazvipira kudzikamisa kukwira kwematembiricha kusvika pasi pe2°C pamusoro pemazinga asati aitwa maindasitiri, nechinangwa chekudzikamisa kudziya kusvika pa1.5°C. Zvisinei, mishumo yakawanda kubva IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) zvakaratidza kuti matanho anotorwa nehurumende haana kukwana uye kuti, kana akasasimbiswa, tinogona kudarika 3°C pakupera kwezana rino remakore. Saka kukosha kwekufamba seFridays for Future, ayo anotsvaga shanduko yekukurumidza uye yakanyanyisa.
Apo sangano reFridays for Future riri kuramba richikura, zvave kuonekwa kuti vechidiki pasi rose vave kuziva nezvedambudziko remamiriro ekunze. Greta Thunberg uye mamirioni evaratidziri vechidiki vakakwanisa kuisa nyaya iyi pakati pegakava repasi rose. Zvisinei, nzira yemhinduro inoramba yakareba uye yakaoma. Pasinei nematambudziko, Fridays for Future yakaratidza kugona kwakasarudzika kuunganidza zvizvarwa zvitsva uye kuda shanduko yekuchimbidza mukurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.