Kwemakumi emakore, izwi uralite Yakave yakafanana neyekuvaka inowanzoshandiswa mumatenga, pasi uye matangi emvura. Nyaya iyi, inogadzirwa nekubatanidza simende nefibers asbestos, yaive yakakurumbira muindasitiri nekuda kwekureruka kwayo, kuramba uye mutengo wakaderera. Nekudaro, izvo zvaimboonekwa semhinduro inoshanda nhasi zvinoonekwa sengozi yehutano nekuda kwenjodzi dzine chekuita nazvo asbestos.
Nokufamba kwenguva, njodzi dzeasbestos dzakava pachena, zvichikonzera nhevedzano yemirau muSpain nedzimwe nyika kudzora kushandiswa kwayo uye kugadzirisa kubviswa kwayo. Muchikamu chino tichakuudza zvakadzama kuti uralite chii, kuti ungaziva sei kana iine asbestos uye matanho api atinofanira kutora kana tichiibata.
Chii chinonzi uralite?
La uralite Haisi chinhu pachayo, asi zita rekutengesa rekambani yeSpanish iyo yakawedzera kushandiswa kwayo muzana ramakore re20. Yaive nechinhu chinoumbwa nefiber simende ine asbestos fibers, inozivikanwa nekusiyana-siyana kwayo mumashandisirwo akadai sematenga, pombi nematangi emvura. Kudzivirira kwayo moto uye simba rekudzivirira rakaita kuti rishandiswe zvakanyanya mukuvaka kwekugara uye maindasitiri.
Nekudaro, muna 2002 kugadzirwa kweuralite neasbestos kwakarambidzwa muSpain nekuda kwenjodzi dzehutano dzinobva mukufemesa mafiibhi akaburitswa munzvimbo. Nhasi, fiber simenti ichiri kushandiswa, asi ine zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita se Washington City Offices o cellulose fibers, kubvisa zvachose kuvapo kweasbestos.
Sei asbestos ine ngozi?
El asbestos, inozivikanwawo seasbestos, iminerari ine fibrous yaishandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri nekuda kwekusimba kwayo uye kuramba kupisa. Zvakadaro, kana zvinhu zvirimo zvikashata kana kushandiswa, zvinoburitsa microscope fibers iyo, kana ikafemeswa, inogona kukonzera hosha dzakakomba se:
- Kenza yemapapu: Yakabatana nekuratidzwa kwenguva refu kune asbestos.
- Mesothelioma: Mhando yegomarara inokanganisa pleura, ine nzira shoma dzekurapa.
- Asbestosis: Chirwere chemapapu chisingaperi chinoita kuti kufema kunetse.
Nezvikonzero izvi, kubviswa uye kubata kweasbestos kwakanyatso kudzorwa uye kunofanirwa kuitwa nemakambani akasarudzika.
Ndinoziva sei kana urarite yangu ine asbestos?
Kuona kana uralite ine asbestos kwakakosha usati waita chero basa kana kunyengera. Hedzino dzimwe nzira dzekuzvizivisa:
- Kuiswa zuva: Kana iyo uralite yakaiswa pamberi pe2002, pane mukana mukuru wekuti ine asbestos.
- Zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi: Ongorora kuisirwa kwekutanga kana magwaro ekutenga ezvinyorwa.
- Chimiro: Mapuleti ane greyish zuva rataurwa risati rataurwa kazhinji rine asbestos.
- Lab bvunzo: Kana usina chokwadi, chakanakira kutora sampuli woitumira kune yakasarudzika marabhoritari, uchigara uchitevera mitemo yekuchengetedza.
Inowanikwa kupi asbestos-ine urarite inowanzowanikwa?
Uralite ine asbestos yakashandiswa mumabasa akawanda ekuvaka. Zvakajairika kuiwana mu:
- Denga nemakavha akavharidzirwa: Inoshandiswa mudzimba, matura eindasitiri nemagaraji.
- Downspouts uye mapaipi: Kunyanya mumadrainage systems.
- Matangi emvura: Yakanyanya kunyanya kumaruwa kuitira kuchengetedza mvura.
- Divider panels: Muzvivakwa zveindasitiri kana zvekurima.
Kana nzvimbo yako iine chimwe chezvinhu izvi uye yakavakwa gore ra2002 risati rasvika, zvakakosha kutora matanho ekuzvidzivirira.
Kuchengetedza kana uchibata urarite
Kubata asbestos-ine uralite ibasa rakatetepa rinosanganisira njodzi huru dzehutano. Zvinoenderana nemutemo weSpanish, zvinorambidzwa kune vanhu kana makambani asina mvumo kuita basa rine chekuita nechinhu ichi. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza, unofanirwa:
- Hire a RERA yakanyoreswa kambani (Registry yeMakambani ane Asbestos Risk).
- Shandisa midziyo yekuzvidzivirira nayo (PPE) uye maturusi akasarudzika.
- Dzivisa kucheka, kuboora kana kubvarura zvinhu, sezvo izvi zvinoburitsa shinda dzine ngozi.
- Takura uralite kune inorashirwa marashi yakatenderwa kuti utungamirirwe nemazvo.
Dzimwe nzira dzemazuva ano kune uralite
Kana iwe uchida kutsiva denga kana uralite chinhu, kune zvemazuva ano uye zvakachengeteka mhinduro, senge sandwich panels. Aya anoumbwa nemapepa maviri anopokana ane insulating core, senge polyurethane, uye anopa akawanda mabhenefiti:
- Mwanakomana chiedza uye nyore kuisa.
- Vanopa a kupisa kwakapatsanurwa uye yepamusoro acoustic.
- Hazvina zvinhu zvine chepfu kana ngozi.
- Ivo vane imwe Hupenyu hurefu hunobatsira uye ivo vakanyanya kunaka.
Pamusoro pezvo, mazhinji emhinduro idzi anokodzera kuwana rubatsiro runosimudzira mashandiro esimba.
Kugadzirisa nyaya yeurarite uye asbestos inoda zvose ruzivo uye kuchenjerera. Pasinei nengozi dzinokonzerwa neasbestos, nematanho akakodzera uye mazano eunyanzvi, zvinokwanisika kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye hutano nharaunda. Kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti ungave uine asbestos-ine uralite, ita nekungwarira uye gara uchiisa pamberi pekuchengetedza.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve uralite uye njodzi dzeasbestos.