Kurasa marara kunotsanangurwa sechiito chekusiya tsvina kana marara munzvimbo dzine veruzhinji kana nzvimbo dzisina kurongerwa kuraswa. Maitiro aya anosanganisira dambudziko rezvakatipoteredza uye revanhu, rinokanganisa nharaunda, mhuka dzesango, uye hutano hweveruzhinji.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza iwe zvikonzero zvikuru nemigumisiro yekurasira, pamwe chete nezviito zvayo zvikuru uye mhinduro.
Kurasa tsvina muSpain
MuSpain, mafaindi emari ane chekuita nekusiiwa kwemarara anosiyana zvichienderana nemirairo yakadzikwa nenharaunda yega yega inozvimiririra uye maneja. Pazasi pane zvakajairwa zvirango zvehupfumi muSpain:
Mutemo wechi7/2022, wakadzikwa musi wa8 Kubvumbi, pamusoro peWaste and Contaminated Soil for a Circular Economy, unoshanda segadziriro yemitemo inoda kuti makambani atevedzere mitemo yekudzora marara. Kana kambani ikaonekwa ichityora zviga izvi uye Zvinoratidzwa kuti wakaita "kusiya" kana kuti wakarasa marara munzvimbo isina kutenderwa, unogona kuunza zvirango zvemari.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti zvirango zvehupfumi zvinogona kusiyana pakati pemakambani nevanhu. Nekuda kwehunhu hwekutengesa hwemashandiro avo uye nekugona kwavo kukuru kukanganisa nharaunda, makambani anogona kuunza faindi dzakakura.
Kuti uwane ruzivo rwakadzama pamusoro pezvirango zvemari zvine chekuita nekurasira marara nemabhizinesi mune imwe nzvimbo yeSpain, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uongorore mitemo yenzvimbo uye ubate zviremera zvakakodzera, senge. kanzuru yemuno kana iyo yakakodzera agency yezvakatipoteredza.
Masangano anofanirwa kutevedzera mitemo nemirau yekudzora marara, nekudaro achikurudzira kutonga kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuita maitiro akachengetedzeka ekudzikamisa marara uye maitiro anokuvadza ezvakatipoteredza, zvichizopa kune yakachena uye ine hutano ecosystem.
Kana iwe uchiita bhizinesi, zvinodikanwa kutevedzera Mutemo Webasa reEnvironment uye kuhaya ane mvumo yekudzora marara nyanzvi kuti ikubatsire kuve nechokwadi chekutevedzera zvakatipoteredza zviyero.
Zvirango zvekurasira marara
Kutadza kutevedzera matanho aya, kana pasina maneja ane mvumo, zvinogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro yakakomba, kusanganisira faindi dziri pakati pe1.000 ne1.700.000 euros. Zvakakosha kuongorora zviyero zvakasiyana zvezvirango zvine chekuita nekusakwana kwekugadzirisa tsvina uye mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kuzvikonzera.
Kambani yega yega yakatarisana nemukana wekuunza masanctions. Zvakadaro, kutyorwa kudiki kunowanzozivikanwa, uye kazhinji kunomuka kubva kunyaya dzakadai sekunonoka kuendesa zvinyorwa kana kutyorwa kwemutemo kusingaratidzi kutyora kwakanyanya. Muzviitiko izvi, Faindi dzinowanzotanga pa900 euros.
Zvirango zvakakomba zvemaitiro asina kunaka ekugadzirisa tsvina
Muzviitiko izvi, zvirango Pakati pe901 euros ne45.000 euros inotangwa yezviitwa zvinosanganisira kutamisa kana kutengesa marara kune vanhu., pamwe chete nokuraswa kusingadzoreki uye kuraswa kwetsvina, kushaikwa kwemazita akakodzera kana kukundikana kutaurira zviremera mashoko anodiwa.
Muzviitiko zvemarara ane ngozi, zvirango zvinogona kunge zvakanyanya kuomarara. Mafaindi aya anogona zvinosiyana pakati pe9.000 euros ne300.000 euros, zvichipa kusimuka, nenzira yakafanana kune nyaya yataurwa pamusoro apa, kumiswa kwemvumo kwenguva yegore rimwe.
Zvirango zvakakomba zvikuru zvekusakwana kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa tsvina
Pasina kupokana, zvirango zvakanyanya ndezviya zvinoratidza kusashivirira kumakambani asingatarisi marara zvisina kunaka. Muzviitiko izvi, faindi dzinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya, kubva pa300.000 euros kusvika 1.750.000 euros, uye dzinogona kusanganisira kuvharwa kwezvivakwa pamwe nekusakodzera kunoenderana.
Kazhinji, zvirango zvakakomba zvinosanganiswa nekurasa kusingadzoreki uye kusiya tsvina ine ngozi, iyo inogona, mune dzimwe nguva, inosanganisira kutengeswa kwemarara akadaro. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuratidza kuti zvirango izvi hazvina hukama chete nemarara ane njodzi, asi chero zvinhu zvinokanganisa hutano hweveruzhinji kana nharaunda zvinogona kuunza zvirango zvinoenderana.
Zvinoreva kuraswa kwemarara
Kuchengeta hukama nemhoteredzo dzechisikigo kwakakosha kuti uzive kukosha kwadzo uye kuita zvinopesana nekusvibiswa kwakanyarara uku. Chiito chekurasa marara muchisikirwo chinozivikanwa semarara. Izwi iri rinonyanya kupararira uye rinotsanangura mamiriro acho zvakanaka.
Aya ndiwo mamwe emhedzisiro yekurasira marara:
- Kugadziriswa kweecosystems kunoitika nenzira dzakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, zvinhu zvinorasa zvakadai setambo zvinogona kumwiswa kana kukonzera kukanganisa kumhuka, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwemukati nekunze kwemuviri. Pamusoro pezvo, marara anoshanda semugero wezvirwere, zvichifambisa kutamiswa kwezvipenyu zvinopinda pakati penzvimbo dzakasiyana. Tsvina yakasiyana-siyana inoungana mumasikirwo, kusanganisira zvinhu zvemazuva ese zvakaita sedonje swabs, mapepi, mapurasitiki ekurongedzerwa, magaba uye matako efodya.
- Kusunungurwa kwemakemikari. Mapurasitiki atinoshandisa zuva rega rega anowanzo aine zvekuwedzera senge mapurasitiki ekubata zvirinani uye zvinodzoreredza moto. Ongororo yakaitwa neLIBERA Project, iyo yakadzidza mvura kubva ku150 point muSpain, yakaratidza kuti pamakumi mana nemakumi mapfumbamwe emakumi mana emakumi ezviuru e data akaunganidzwa uye pamarudzi ese akaongororwa, "mana chete haana kusvibiswa", sekureva kwemunhu ane mhosva. chirongwa. Pakati pezvinosvibisa zvakaonekwa zvinhu zvakaita secaffeine, nicotine, zvinodhaka uye zvinodzoreredza moto. Muvhu, vatsvakurudzi vakaona zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosvibisa, kubva kune motokari-inosanganiswa nemahydrocarboni kusvika kune varnishes, lacquers uye mishonga yezvipembenene. "Takawanawo zvinosvibisa izvo zvakarambidzwa mumakore makumi mashanu, makumi matanhatu kana makumi manomwe pakati pavo, DDT, mushonga wezvipembenene, uye polychlorinated vinyl, iyo yaimboshandiswa mumagetsi," anodaro Sara Güemes.
- Migumisiro pahutano hwevanhu. Zvinoenderana nedata reLIBERA, pakati pemamiriyoni mana negumi nemaviri matani epurasitiki anoburitswa mune zvakasikwa ecosystem gore rega rega. Pakati peizvi, zvinofungidzirwa kuti 51.000 bhiriyoni inogona kunge yakaumbwa nemicroplastics.
Sezvaunogona kuona, iyi ndiyo mibairo yekuva nekusatarisira kwemarara kunobva mukusaziva nezvekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza. Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve marara muSpain nemhedzisiro yayo.